Cited by 192Genetics and Neurodevelopmental DisordersGenomics and Rare DiseasesDown syndrome and intellectual disability research

De Novo Mutations in Protein Kinase Genes CAMK2A and CAMK2B Cause Intellectual Disability

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Küry, Sébastien, van Woerden, Geeske M., Besnard, Thomas, Proietti Onori, Martina, Latypova, Xénia, Towne, Meghan C., Cho, Megan T., Prescott, Trine E. +96 more·2017·The American Journal of Human Genetics

Abstract

Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMK2) is one of the first proteins shown to be essential for normal learning and synaptic plasticity in mice, but its requirement for human brain development has not yet been established. Through a multi-center collaborative study based on a whole-exome sequencing approach, we identified 19 exceedingly rare de novo CAMK2A or CAMK2B variants in 24 unrelated individuals with intellectual disability. Variants were assessed for their effect on CAMK2 function and on neuronal migration. For both CAMK2A and CAMK2B, we identified mutations that decreased or increased CAMK2 auto-phosphorylation at Thr286/Thr287. We further found that all mutations affecting auto-phosphorylation also affected neuronal migration, highlighting the importance of tightly regulated CAMK2 auto-phosphorylation in neuronal function and neurodevelopment. Our data establish the importance of CAMK2A and CAMK2B and their auto-phosphorylation in human brain function and expand the phenotypic spectrum of the disorders caused by variants in key players of the glutamatergic signaling pathway.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.ajhg.2017.10.003

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  • Several dozen human mutations in CaMKII have been identified, and their molecular characteristics support many of the biochemical behaviors of CaMKII described above.

    “Several dozen human mutations in CaMKII have been identified, and their molecular characteristics support many of the biochemical behaviors of CaMKII described above.”

    From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [429]

    The Distribution of the Variants section reports 19 distinct CAMK2A or CAMK2B variants in 24 people, not several dozen distinct mutations. The Mutations in CAMK2 section reports that variants alter autophosphorylation, supporting the point that their molecular characteristics bear on CaMKII biochemical behavior. The cited paper therefore supports the substance of the biochemical point but not the stated count. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Many CaMKII mutations decrease interactions between the kinase surface and the autoinhibitory segment previously shown to increase basal activity that is normally quite low.

    “Many of the mutations decrease interactions between the kinase surface and the autoinhibitory segment previously shown to increase basal activity that is normally quite low.”

    From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [429]

    The Discussion (page unavailable) identifies several CAMK2A variants as gain-of-function mutations, and the neuronal-function section reports increased activity for three CAMK2B variants. But our copy does not say that many mutations decrease interactions between the kinase surface and autoinhibitory segment, or establish the claimed normally low basal activity. Its mutation results also include reduced activity. (LLM, conf=0.83)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • These mutations increase autophosphorylation of T286 (or T287 in some isoforms) that further increases constitutive activity.

    “These in turn increase autophosphorylation of T286 (or T287 in some isoforms) that further increases constitutive activity (429, 430).”

    From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [429]

    The “Mutations in CAMK2” section reports increased Thr286 autophosphorylation for two CAMK2A variants, and the Discussion says Thr286 autophosphorylation makes CAMK2A autonomously active (page numbers unavailable). But the paper describes heterogeneous effects: other variants reduce phosphorylation, and the constitutively active Thr286Pro variant cannot be phosphorylated at Thr286. The claim therefore overgeneralizes the mechanism to these mutations as a group. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • The human CaMKII mutations were found by exome sequencing of infants with mild to severe developmental and intellectual disabilities.

    “The mutations were found by exome sequencing of infants with mild to severe developmental and intellectual disabilities.”

    From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [429]

    The Whole-Exome Sequencing Strategy section describes exome sequencing of affected individuals, and the phenotypic characterization in Distribution of the Variants in CAMK2A and CAMK2B reports mild to severe intellectual disability in all 24. The paper does not describe the group as infants: its clinical observations include children assessed after age five. The sections returned by our copy have no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • None of the human CaMKII mutations blocks generation of constitutive activity comparable to the experimental Thr286A mutation that would enable a test of Thr286 phosphorylation and constitutive CaMKII activity in human memory.

    “However, none blocks generation of constitutive activity, comparable to the experimental Thr286A mutation, that would enable a test of Thr286 phosphorylation and constitutive CaMKII activity in human memory (428–430).”

    From Synaptic memory and CaMKII (2023) · cites this paper as [429]

    The Discussion reports that the human CAMK2A Thr286Pro variant blocks Thr286 autophosphorylation yet renders the protein constitutively active; the neuronal-function section contrasts it with the experimental phospho-dead Thr286Ala mutant. This supports the distinction between those two mutations, but the paper does not establish that no human CaMKII mutation blocks constitutive activity or assess whether a mutation could test its role in human memory. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Web Resources 1000 Genomes, http://www.internationalgenome.org/ CADD, http://cadd.gs.washington.edu/ ClinVar, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/ Clustal Omega, https://www.ebi.ac.uk/Tools/msa/clustalo/ dbSNP, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/SNP/ DECIPHER, https://decipher.sanger.ac.uk/ DiscovEHR, http://www.discovehrshare.com/ European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA), https://www.ebi.ac. uk/ega/studies/EGAS00001000775 ExAC Browser, http://exac.broadinstitute.org/ GATK, https://software.broadinstitute.org/gatk/ GenBank, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/ GeneMatcher, https://genematcher.org/ Genic Intolerance, http://genic-intolerance.org/ gnomAD Browser, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/ GoNL (Genomes of the Netherlands), http://www.nlgenome.nl/ search/ GTEx Portal, https://www.gtexportal.org/home/ HBT -Human Brain Transcriptome, http://hbatlas.org/

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Authors
Küry, S., van Woerden, G. M., Besnard, T., Proietti Onori, M., Latypova, X., Towne, M. C., Cho, M. T., Prescott, T. E., Ploeg, M. A., Sanders, S., Stessman, H. A. F., Pujol, A., Distel, B., Robak, L. A., Bernstein, J. A., Denommé-Pichon, A.-S., Lesca, G., Sellars, E. A., Berg, J., Carré, W., Busk, Ø. L., van Bon, B. W. M., Waugh, J. L., Deardorff, M., Hoganson, G. E., Bosanko, K. B., Johnson, D. S., Dabir, T., Holla, Ø. L., Sarkar, A., Tveten, K., de Bellescize, J., Braathen, G. J., Terhal, P. A., Grange, D. K., van Haeringen, A., Lam, C., Mirzaa, G., Burton, J., Bhoj, E. J., Douglas, J., Santani, A. B., Nesbitt, A. I., Helbig, K. L., Andrews, M. V., Begtrup, A., Tang, S., van Gassen, K. L. I., Juusola, J., Foss, K., Enns, G. M., Moog, U., Hinderhofer, K., Paramasivam, N., Lincoln, S., Kusako, B. H., Lindenbaum, P., Charpentier, E., Nowak, C. B., Cherot, E., Simonet, T., Ruivenkamp, C. A. L., Hahn, S., Brownstein, C. A., Xia, F., Schmitt, S., Deb, W., Bonneau, D., Nizon, M., Quinquis, D., Chelly, J., Rudolf, G., Sanlaville, D., Parent, P., Gilbert-Dussardier, B., Toutain, A., Sutton, V. R., Thies, J., Peart-Vissers, L. E. L. M., Boisseau, P., Vincent, M., Grabrucker, A. M., Dubourg, C., Tan, W.-H., Verbeek, N. E., Granzow, M., Santen, G. W. E., Shendure, J., Isidor, B., Pasquier, L., Redon, R., Yang, Y., State, M. W., Kleefstra, T., Cogné, B., Petrovski, S., Retterer, K., Eichler, E. E., Rosenfeld, J. A., Agrawal, P. B., Bézieau, S., Odent, S., Elgersma, Y., & Mercier, S.
Affiliations
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes (FR)
  • Boston Children's Hospital (US)
  • Telemark Hospital (NO)
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
  • University of California, San Francisco (US)
  • Creighton University (US)
  • Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ES)
  • Baylor College of Medicine (US)
  • Stanford Medicine (US)
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
  • Arkansas Children's Hospital (US)
  • University of Dundee (GB)
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes (FR)
  • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
  • University of Illinois Chicago (US)
  • Sheffield Children's Hospital (GB)
  • Belfast Health and Social Care Trust (GB)
  • Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust (GB)
  • University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • Seattle Children's Hospital (US)
  • Ambry Genetics (United States) (US)
  • Seattle Children's Research Institute (US)
  • Heidelberg University (DE)
  • German Cancer Research Center (DE)
  • Hospices Civils de Lyon (FR)
  • Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
  • Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest (FR)
  • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Tours (FR)
  • Baylor Genetics (US)
  • University of Limerick (IE)
  • Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
  • Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
  • The Royal Melbourne Hospital (AU)
Corresponding author
  • Küry, Sébastien
  • Elgersma, Ype
Venue
The American Journal of Human Genetics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-11
Volume
101
Issue
5
Pages
768-788
ISSN
0002-9297 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2766852890
Cited by
185
References
78
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 11
FWCI
8.53
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The American Journal of Human Genetics (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
  • Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
  • Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
  • EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
  • RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
  • Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion)
  • Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
  • Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
  • Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH101221)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (K08NS092898)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR068429)
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U19HD077671)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genomics and Rare Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
Keywords
CAMK2A, CAMK2B, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, de novo mutations, intellectual disability, autophosphorylation, neuronal migration, brain development, glutamatergic signaling, synaptic plasticity, rare variants
MeSH terms
Animals, Brain, Cell Line, Female, Humans, Male, Intellectual Disability, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mutation, Neurons, Phosphorylation, Signal Transduction, Glutamic Acid, Mice, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2, HEK293 Cells, Exome

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