Cited by 262Sleep and Wakefulness ResearchSleep and related disordersCircadian rhythm and melatonin

Alcohol disrupts sleep homeostasis

Open access
Thakkar, Mahesh M., Sharma, Rishi, Sahota, Pradeep·2015·Alcohol

Abstract

Alcohol is a potent somnogen and one of the most commonly used "over the counter" sleep aids. In healthy non-alcoholics, acute alcohol decreases sleep latency, consolidates and increases the quality (delta power) and quantity of NREM sleep during the first half of the night. However, sleep is disrupted during the second half. Alcoholics, both during drinking periods and during abstinences, suffer from a multitude of sleep disruptions manifested by profound insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, and altered sleep architecture. Furthermore, subjective and objective indicators of sleep disturbances are predictors of relapse. Finally, within the USA, it is estimated that societal costs of alcohol-related sleep disorders exceeds $18 billion. Thus, although alcohol-associated sleep problems have significant economic and clinical consequences, very little is known about how and where alcohol acts to affect sleep. In this review, we have described our attempts to unravel the mechanism of alcohol-induced sleep disruptions. We have conducted a series of experiments using two different species, rats and mice, as animal models. We performed microdialysis, immunohistochemical, pharmacological, sleep deprivation and lesion studies which suggest that the sleep-promoting effects of alcohol may be mediated via alcohol's action on the mediators of sleep homeostasis: adenosine (AD) and the wake-promoting cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain (BF). Alcohol, via its action on AD uptake, increases extracellular AD resulting in the inhibition of BF wake-promoting neurons. Since binge alcohol consumption is a highly prevalent pattern of alcohol consumption and disrupts sleep, we examined the effects of binge drinking on sleep-wakefulness. Our results suggest that disrupted sleep homeostasis may be the primary cause of sleep disruption observed following binge drinking. Finally, we have also shown that sleep disruptions observed during acute withdrawal, are caused due to impaired sleep homeostasis. In conclusion, we suggest that alcohol may disrupt sleep homeostasis to cause sleep disruptions.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.07.019

Cites

134 of 134 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Thakkar, M. M., Sharma, R., & Sahota, P.
Affiliations
Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
Thakkar, Mahesh M.
Venue
Alcohol
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-06
Volume
49
Issue
4
Pages
299-310
ISSN
0741-8329 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2041098567
Cited by
262
References
134
Citations by year
2026: 15 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 7 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
1.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Alcohol (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA020334, AA0174720)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
Keywords
sleep homeostasis, sleep disruption, adenosine, adenosine uptake, basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, wake-promoting neurons, binge drinking, alcohol withdrawal, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep architecture, alcoholism, sleep-wake regulation
MeSH terms
Adenosine, Ethanol, Alcoholism, Animals, Central Nervous System Depressants, Electroencephalography, Homeostasis, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Wakefulness, Microdialysis, Models, Animal, Mice, Rats, Cholinergic Neurons, Binge Drinking, Basal Forebrain

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review