Effects of ensiling whole crop maize with bacterial inoculants on the fermentation, aerobic stability, and growth performance of lambs
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine effects of ensiling whole crop maize with the bacterial inoculants Bonsilage mais flussig (BMF) and Lalsil Fresh LB (LFLB) on fermentation, aerobic stability and growth of lambs. Whole crop maize (288DMg/kg) was ensiled with no additive, BMF or LFLB for 60 days in 1.5l jars and 3 months in 210l drums. To follow the fermentation dynamics during ensiling, 1.5l jars were opened on days 0, 4, 10, 21 and 60 of ensiling for sampling and analysed for pH, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSCs), volatile fatty acids (VFAs), lactic acid, ammonia-N, dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), metabolizable energy (ME), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ADF and NDF. The aerobic stability of silage was determined by opening jars on day 60 and putting silage in an aerobic environment until day 65. After 3 months of ensiling the 210l drums were opened, sampled and analysed as for the laboratory scale silos. Silages were fed to 24 South African Dorper lambs (n =8/treatment) weighing 20.6±0.62kg to determine intake in a 63-day experimental period. Results from the small silos showed that the inoculants decreased (P<0.05) pH, butyric acid and ammonia-N while increasing WSC, lactic acid and acetic acid compared to the control silage. Aerobic stability of the silage was improved with inoculation as indicated by lower (P<0.05) CO₂ production when compared with the control silage. Furthermore, the control silage showed a rise in pH and a changed decline in lactic and acetic acid concentrations when exposed to air, as compared to the inoculated silages. Inoculants did not affect DM, pH, OM, CP, ME, EE, ADF and NDF contents of the silage from 210l drums. However, bacterial inoculants increased (P<0.05) WSC, lactic acid and acetic acid, while reducing butyric acid and ammonia-N compared to the control. Lambs fed the LFLB inoculated silage had higher (P<0.05) intakes of DM, OM and CP, higher final body weights and average daily gains (ADGs) compared to the other treatments. It was concluded that both bacterial inoculants improved fermentation dynamics and aerobic stability of whole crop maize silage, and improved lamb performance occurred when LFLB inoculated whole crop maize silage was fed.
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Our findings are in agreement with Nkosi et al. (2009, 2011), who found higher DM intake in lambs fed corn silage inoculated with L. buchneri than untreated.
“Our findings in this study are in agreement with those of Nkosi et al. (2009Nkosi et al. ( , 2011)), who found higher DM intake in lambs fed corn silage inoculated with L. buchneri than that in animals fed an untreated silage diet.”
From Effects of feeding corn silage inoculated with microbial additives on the ruminal fermentation, microbial protein yield, and growth performance of lambs1 (2014) · cites this paper as Nkosi et al., 2009
Nkosi et al. attributed the greater DM intake to greater levels of water-soluble carbohydrates in the inoculated corn silage.
“These authors attributed the greater DM intake to greater levels of water-soluble carbohydrates in the inoculated corn silage.”
From Effects of feeding corn silage inoculated with microbial additives on the ruminal fermentation, microbial protein yield, and growth performance of lambs1 (2014) · cites this paper as Nkosi et al., 2009
Lambs fed corn silage inoculated with or without LAB in diets with a 50:50 forage to concentrate ratio had G:F values near 0.200.
“Nkosi et al. (2009) reported G:F values near 0.200 in lambs fed corn silage inoculated with or without LAB in diets with forage to concentrate ratios of 50:50.”
From Effects of feeding corn silage inoculated with microbial additives on the ruminal fermentation, microbial protein yield, and growth performance of lambs1 (2014) · cites this paper as Nkosi et al. (2009)
Lambs fed corn silage inoculated with LAB had greater average daily gain than lambs fed Control silage.
“As in this study, Nkosi et al. (2009) reported greater ADG in lambs fed corn silage inoculated with LAB instead of Control silage.”
From Effects of feeding corn silage inoculated with microbial additives on the ruminal fermentation, microbial protein yield, and growth performance of lambs1 (2014) · cites this paper as Nkosi et al. (2009)
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Nkosi, B. D., Meeske, R., Palic, D., Langa, T., Leeuw, K.-J., & Groenewald, I. B.
- Affiliations
- Animal Production Institute (ZA)
- Department of Agriculture, Western Cape Government (ZA)
- University of the Free State (ZA)
- Corresponding author
- Nkosi, B.D.
- Venue
- Animal Feed Science and Technology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-11
- Volume
- 154
- Issue
- 3-4
- Pages
- 193-203
- ISSN
- 0377-8401 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1968158679
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 5.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Animal Feed Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Keywords
- silage fermentation, bacterial inoculants, aerobic stability, lambs, Dorper sheep, silage additives, volatile fatty acids, lactic acid, butyrate, ammonia-N, water-soluble carbohydrates, silage intake, growth performance, silage quality, feed conversion ratio
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