The effects of Tai Chi on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review

Wayne, Peter M.; Kiel, Douglas P.; Krebs, David E.; Davis, Roger B.; Savetsky-German, Jacqueline; Connelly, Maureen; Buring, Julie E.

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2007.02.012

Cited by 113Bone health and osteoporosis researchBalance, Gait, and Falls PreventionPhysical Activity and Health

The effects of Tai Chi on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review

Wayne, Peter M., Kiel, Douglas P., Krebs, David E., Davis, Roger B., Savetsky-German, Jacqueline, Connelly, Maureen, Buring, Julie E.·2007·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

DOI 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.02.012

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Abstract

Objective To evaluate the evidence for Tai Chi as an intervention to reduce rate of bone loss in postmenopausal women.Data sources Literature search using Medline, Science Citation Index, Cochrane databases, China Biological Medicine Database, and additional manual reference searches of retrieved articles and personal libraries.Study selection Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies that included Tai Chi as an intervention, and had at least 1 outcome related to measurement of bone mineral density (BMD).Data extraction Authors critically reviewed studies, evaluated methodologic quality, and synthesized study results in a summary table.Data synthesis Six controlled studies were identified by our search. There were 2 RCTs, 2 nonrandomized prospective parallel cohort studies, and 2 cross-sectional studies. The 2 RCTs and 1 of the prospective cohort studies suggested that Tai Chi-naive women who participated in Tai Chi training exhibited reduced rates of postmenopausal declines in BMD. Cross-sectional studies suggested that long-term Tai Chi practitioners had higher BMD than age-matched sedentary controls, and had slower rates of postmenopausal BMD decline. No adverse effects related to Tai Chi were reported in any trial.Conclusions Conclusions on the impact of Tai Chi on BMD are limited by the quantity and quality of research to date. This limited evidence suggests Tai Chi may be an effective, safe, and practical intervention for maintaining BMD in postmenopausal women. In combination with research that indicates Tai Chi can positively impact other risk factors associated with low BMD (eg, reduced fall frequency, increased musculoskeletal strength), further methodologically sound research is warranted to better evaluate the impact of Tai Chi practice on BMD and fracture risk in postmenopausal women.

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Other studies have shown increases in strength and bone density due to Qigong practice apparently not due to conventional exercise factors.
“Other studies have shown increases in strength and bone density due to Qigong practice apparently not due to conventional exercise factors (Lin, 2007; Wayne et al., 2007).”
From Effectiveness of a Novel Qigong Meditative Movement Practice for Impaired Health in Flight Attendants Exposed to Second-Hand Cigarette Smoke (2017) · cites this paper as Wayne et al., 2007

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Fast, A., & Wainapel, S. F. (2002) · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Tai Chi Chuan
Wolf, S. L., O’Grady, M. J., & Xu, T. (2003) · Cited by 5 · see citing works

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A comprehensive review of health benefits of qigong and tai chi
Jahnke, R., Larkey, L., Rogers, C., Etnier, J., & Lin, F. (2010) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/ajhp.081013-lit-248 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Effectiveness of a Novel Qigong Meditative Movement Practice for Impaired Health in Flight Attendants Exposed to Second-Hand Cigarette Smoke
Payne, P., Fiering, S., Leiter, J. C., Zava, D. T., & Crane-Godreau, M. A. (2017) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00067 · Cited by 12 · see citing works

Effects of Body Composition, Leptin, and Adiponectin on Bone Mineral Density in Prepubertal Girls
Rhie, Y., Lee, K. H., Chung, S. C., Kim, H.-S., & Kim, D. H. (2010) · Journal of Korean Medical Science · doi:10.3346/jkms.2010.25.8.1187 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Is There an Association Between Bone Mineral Density and Mammographic Density? A Systematic Review
Lee, J. M., Holley, S., Appleton, C. M., & Toriola, A. T. (2016) · Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.1089/jwh.2016.5769 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Bone Mineral Density in 15- to 21-Year-Old Eumenorrheic and Amenorrheic Subjects
White, C. M. (1992) · Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.1992.02160130033016 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Glycaemic control is positively associated with prevalent fractures but not with bone mineral density in patients with Type 1 diabetes
Neumann, T. E., Sämann, A., Lodes, S., Kästner, B., Franke, S., Kiehntopf, M., Hemmelmann, C., Lehmann, T., Müller, U., Hein, G. E., et al. (2011) · Diabetic Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2011.03286.x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Correlation of total-body bone mineral content determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry with bone mineral density determined by peripheral quantitative computed tomography
Revilla, M., Cardenas, J. L., HERNÁNDEZ, E. R., et al. (1995) · Academic Radiology · doi:10.1016/s1076-6332(05)80514-8 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Authors: Wayne, P. M., Kiel, D. P., Krebs, D. E., Davis, R. B., Savetsky-German, J., Connelly, M., & Buring, J. E.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Hebrew SeniorLife (US)
MGH Institute of Health Professions (US)
ORCID: Wayne, Peter M.
Kiel, Douglas P.
Davis, Roger B.
Buring, Julie E.
Venue: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2007-05
Volume: 88
Issue: 5
Pages: 673-680
ISSN: 0003-9993 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.02.012
OpenAlex: W2110117899
Cited by: 113
References: 87
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 1.38
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R21AT003503, U19AT002022)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
Keywords: Tai Chi, bone mineral density, postmenopausal women, bone loss, osteoporosis prevention, exercise intervention, fracture risk, musculoskeletal strength
MeSH terms: Female, Humans, Exercise, Bone Density, Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal, Postmenopause, Tai Ji

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The effects of Tai Chi on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review

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