Understanding college students’ fruit consumption. Integrating habit strength in the theory of planned behaviour
Abstract
The additive and interactive effect of habit strength in the explanation of young adults' fruit consumption was studied within the context of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Additionally, behavioural and control beliefs were modelled as predictors of profile membership based on current fruit consumption, motivation and habit strength towards fruit consumption. Cross-sectional data were available from undergraduate students (n=538; mean age=21.19; S.D.=2.57) who completed measures of fruit consumption, habit strength, TPB-concepts, and behavioural and control beliefs. Data were analyzed using stepwise regression analysis, simple slope analysis, and discriminant function analysis. Results showed that, based on a significant intention x habit interaction (beta=.13), the intention-fruit consumption relationship was more than twice as strong at low levels of habit strength (beta=.39) than at high levels of habit strength (beta=.16). Furthermore, beliefs regarding health and weight management were relatively unable to distinguish profiles created from motivation, habit strength and current fruit consumption. Rather, beliefs about controllability of fruit consumption were amongst the most consistent discriminating beliefs. Findings suggest that stronger fruit consumption habits make fruit consumption less intentional and that interventions aiming to increase fruit consumption may need to develop persuasive messages focusing on situational beliefs, rather than emphasizing health outcomes.
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Applications of the SRHI have shown dietary behaviours, physical activity, and sedentary behaviours to have a habitual component for many people, with habit predicting behaviour over and above reasoned concepts such as intentions, behavioural control, attitudes, and social norms.
“Applications of the SRHI have shown dietary behaviours, physical activity, and sedentary behaviours to have a habitual component for many people, with habit predicting behaviour over and above reasoned concepts such as intentions, behavioural control, attitudes, and social norms [29][30][31][32].”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Applications of the Self-Report Habit Index to Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviours (2011) · cites this paper as [31]
Such studies have shown habit to interact with intentions in determining behaviour, such that the intention-behaviour relationship is diminished as habit strength increases.
“Additionally, such studies have shown habit to interact with intentions in determining behaviour, such that the intentionbehaviour relationship is diminished as habit strength increases [29][30][31].”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Applications of the Self-Report Habit Index to Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviours (2011) · cites this paper as [31]
In two studies which used moderated multiple regression, a graded reduction was observed in beta weights for intention as habit strength increased.
“In two studies which used moderated multiple regression [31,57], a graded reduction was observed in beta weights for intention as habit strength increased.”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Applications of the Self-Report Habit Index to Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviours (2011) · cites this paper as [31]
De Bruijn showed that intentions remained significantly predictive of fruit consumption, albeit less strongly so, at higher levels of habit.
“De Bruijn [31] showed that intentions remained significantly predictive of fruit consumption, albeit less strongly so, at higher levels of habit.”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Applications of the Self-Report Habit Index to Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviours (2011) · cites this paper as [31]
All three studies of the habit×intention interaction in nutrition behaviour pointed to moderation.
“All three studies of the habit×intention interaction in nutrition behaviour pointed to moderation [15,31,57].”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Applications of the Self-Report Habit Index to Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviours (2011) · cites this paper as [31]
Concerns have been raised around the validity of the SRHI for modelling habit-behaviour correlations.
“Concerns have been raised around the validity of the SRHI for modelling habit-behaviour correlations [31].”
From A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Applications of the Self-Report Habit Index to Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviours (2011) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- de Bruijn, G.-J.
- Venue
- Appetite
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-02
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 16-22
- ISSN
- 0195-6663 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2102120235
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 12.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Appetite (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Lifestyle Studies
- Keywords
- fruit consumption, habit strength, theory of planned behavior, university students, young adults, behavioral beliefs, control beliefs, intention, motivation, health beliefs, persuasive messages, dietary behavior change
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attitude to Health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Feeding Behavior, Female, Fruit, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Male, Motivation, Netherlands, Psychological Theory, Surveys and Questionnaires, Students, Health Behavior, Discriminant Analysis, Comprehension, Intention, Young Adult
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