Program animal welfare: Using behavioral and physiological measures to assess the well-being of animals used for education programs in zoos
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There was no evidence of increased fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels or undesirable behaviors in program animals.
“They found no evidence of increased FGM levels or undesirable behaviors in program animals, but did find a positive relationship between FGM levels and frequency of zoo-caretaker handling, suggesting that an ancillary aspect of ambassador programs (physical handling) may be associated with changes in animals’ physiological indicators of stress.”
From Evaluating the Behavior and Temperament of African Penguins in a Non-Contact Animal Encounter Program (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
There was a positive relationship between fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels and frequency of zoo-caretaker handling.
“They found no evidence of increased FGM levels or undesirable behaviors in program animals, but did find a positive relationship between FGM levels and frequency of zoo-caretaker handling, suggesting that an ancillary aspect of ambassador programs (physical handling) may be associated with changes in animals’ physiological indicators of stress.”
From Evaluating the Behavior and Temperament of African Penguins in a Non-Contact Animal Encounter Program (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
Baird and colleagues found that a large amount of handling associated with education programs increased pacing behaviour in armadillos and increased faecal GC concentration in armadillos, hedgehogs and hawks.
“Baird and colleagues [151] found that a large amount of handling associated with education programs increased pacing behaviour in armadillos and increased faecal GC concentration in armadillos, hedgehogs and hawks.”
From The visitor effect on zoo animals: implications and opportunities for zoo animal welfare (2019) · cites this paper as [151]
Cites
Animal–visitor interactions in the modern zoo: Conflicts and interventions
Fernandez, E. J., Tamborski, M. A., Pickens, S. R., & Timberlake, W. (2009) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2009.06.002 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Measuring zoo animal welfare: theory and practice
Hill, S. P., & Broom, D. M. (2009) · Zoo Biology · doi:10.1002/zoo.20276 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
The Effects of Visitor Density and Intensity on the Behavior of Two Captive Jaguars (Panthera onca)
Sellinger, R. L., & Ha, J. C. (2005) · Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science · doi:10.1207/s15327604jaws0804_1 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Visitor effects on anxiety in two captive groups of western lowland gorillas
Carder, G., & Semple, S. (2008) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2008.06.001 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Group differences in captive gorillas’ reaction to large crowds
Kuhar, C. W. (2008) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2007.04.011 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationSpace allowance and the behaviour of captive southern hairy-nosed wombats (Lasiorhinus latifrons)
Descovich, K. A., Lisle, A. T., Johnston, S., & Phillips, C. J. C. (2012) · Applied Animal Behaviour Science · doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2012.05.009 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
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The visitor effect on zoo animals: implications and opportunities for zoo animal welfare
Sherwen, S. L., & Hemsworth, P. H. (2019) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani9060366 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
“However, Baird and colleagues [151] found that a large amount of handling associated with education programs increased pacing behaviour in armadillos and increased faecal GC concentration in armadillos, hedgehogs and hawks.”
BackgroundAn animal welfare risk assessment process for zoos
Sherwen, S. L., Hemsworth, L. M., Beausoleil, N. J., Embury, A., & Mellor, D. J. (2018) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani8080130 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Saiyed, S. T., Hopper, L. M., & Cronin, K. A. (2019) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani9060326 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
- Authors
- Baird, B. A., Kuhar, C. W., Lukas, K. E., Amendolagine, L. A., Fuller, G. A., Nemet, J., Willis, M. A., & Schook, M. W.
- Affiliations
- Cleveland Metroparks Zoo (US)
- Case Western Reserve University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Baird, Bonnie A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Applied Animal Behaviour Science
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-03
- Volume
- 176
- Pages
- 150-162
- ISSN
- 0168-1591 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2236442652
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 8.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Applied Animal Behaviour Science (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Association of Zoos and Aquariums Conservation Endowment Fund
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Animal and Plant Science Education
- Keywords
- zoo animals, animal welfare assessment, fecal glucocorticoid metabolites, inappropriate behavior, handling, armadillos, hedgehogs, red-tailed hawk, self-directed behavior, resting behavior, Association of Zoos and Aquariums, husbandry, stress hormones
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