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Irisin, an exercise-induced bioactive peptide beneficial for health promotion during aging process
Abstract
Irisin is an exercise-induced myokine expressed as a bioactive peptide in multiple tissues and organs, and exercise and cold exposure are the major inducers for its secretion. Irisin presents a decreasing trend with the extension of age and is also closely associated with a wide range of aging-related diseases. Currently, many studies on irisin are being conducted with respect to physiological functions for health promotion, and the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of chronic diseases, as well as mechanisms associated with improving energy metabolic balance, enhancing cellular homeostasis by optimizing autophagy, promoting mitochondrial quality control, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitigating inflammatory responses. These diseases include: metabolic diseases (obesity, type 2 diabetes, and bone metabolism); cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy and stroke); nervous system diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke); and others (cancer and sarcopenia). Although the current studies on irisin are relatively extensive, some studies have produced unexplained experimental results. This article introduces an overview of the generation, secretion, and tissue distribution, of irisin, and its targeting of tissues or organs for the prevention and treatment of above-mentioned chronic diseases is systematically summarized, with discussion of the underlying molecular mechanisms. This study is expected to improve the understanding of irisin, which may be beneficial to identify novel and effective targets for the screening, diagnosis, or therapy of these chronic diseases, or develop promising interventional strategies, effective drug candidates, functional foods, or exercise mimetics.
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“The stimulation of exercise and cold exposure enhance the generation and secretion of irisin from skeletal muscle, thereby inducing myogenesis, preventing muscle atrophy, improving energy metabolism, enhancing cellular homeostasis, and promoting mitochondrial quality control [98].”
From Exerkines and Sarcopenia: Unveiling the Mechanism Behind Exercise-Induced Mitochondrial Homeostasis (2025) · cites this paper as [98]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, H., Wu, X., Liang, J., Kirberger, M., & Chen, N.
- Affiliations
- Wuhan Sports University (CN)
- Georgia Gwinnett College (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Ning
- Venue
- Ageing Research Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2022-09
- Volume
- 80
- Pages
- 101680
- ISSN
- 1568-1637 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4283791562
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 217
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 2.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Ageing Research Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Hubei Provincial Department of Education
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31771318, 32071176)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- irisin, myokines, physical activity, cold exposure, aging, chronic disease, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases, sarcopenia, autophagy, mitochondrial quality control, reactive oxygen species, inflammation, obesity, type 2 diabetes, bone metabolism, exercise mimetics, functional foods
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fibronectins, Health Promotion, Humans, Peptides, Stroke
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