Inflammation, demyelination, and degeneration — Recent insights from MS pathology

IgG marker of optic-spinal multiple sclerosis binds to the aquaporin-4 water channel

Lennon, V. A., Kryzer, T. J., Pittock, S. J., Verkman, A. S., & Hinson, S. R. (2005) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20050304 · Cited by 2,288 · see citing works

The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica

Wingerchuk, D. M., Lennon, V. A., Lucchinetti, C. F., Pittock, S. J., & Weinshenker, B. G. (2007) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70216-8 · Cited by 2,182 · see citing works

Cortical demyelination and diffuse white matter injury in multiple sclerosis

Kutzelnigg, A., Lucchinetti, C. F., Stadelmann, C., Brück, W., Rauschka, H., Bergmann, M., Schmidbauer, M., Parisi, J. E., & Lassmann, H. (2005) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh641 · Cited by 1,836 · see citing works

Multiple sclerosis--the plaque and its pathogenesis.

Frohman, E., Racke, M., & Raine, C. (2006) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra052130 · Cited by 1,793 · see citing works

Axonal damage in acute multiple sclerosis lesions

Ferguson, B. (1997) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/120.3.393 · Cited by 1,532 · see citing works

The relation between inflammation and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis brains

Frischer, J. M., Bramow, S., Dal-Bianco, A., Lucchinetti, C. F., Rauschka, H., Schmidbauer, M., Laursen, H., Sorensen, P. S., & Lassmann, H. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp070 · Cited by 1,450 · see citing works

Meningeal B-cell follicles in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis associate with early onset of disease and severe cortical pathology

Magliozzi, R., Howell, O. W., Vora, A., Serafini, B., Nicholas, R. S., Puopolo, M., Reynolds, R., & Aloisi, F. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awm038 · Cited by 1,444 · see citing works

Transected neurites, apoptotic neurons, and reduced inflammation in cortical multiple sclerosis lesions

Peterson, J. W., Bö, L., Mörk, S., Chang, A., & Trapp, B. D. (2001) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.1123 · Cited by 1,403 · see citing works

A role for humoral mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Devic's neuromyelitis optica.

Lucchinetti, C., Mandler, R., McGavern, D., Brück, W., Gleich, G., Ransohoff, R., Trebst, C., Weinshenker, B., Wingerchuk, D., Parisi, J., et al. (2002) · Brain : a journal of neurology · doi:10.1093/brain/awf151 · Cited by 1,228 · see citing works

Relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis: Pathology of the newly forming lesion

Barnett, M. H., & Prineas, J. W. (2004) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20016 · Cited by 1,184 · see citing works

Understanding pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis via animal models: 70 years of merits and culprits in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis research

Gold, R. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl075 · Cited by 1,017 · see citing works

Alemtuzumab vs. Interferon Beta-1a in Early Multiple Sclerosis

The CAMMS Trial Investigators (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0802670 · Cited by 1,012 · see citing works

Early clinical predictors and progression of irreversible disability in multiple sclerosis: an amnesic process

Confavreux, C. (2003) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awg081 · Cited by 997 · see citing works

Acute axonal injury in multiple sclerosis: Correlation with demyelination and inflammation

Bitsch, A. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.6.1174 · Cited by 898 · see citing works

Mitochondrial dysfunction as a cause of axonal degeneration in multiple sclerosis patients

Dutta, R., McDonough, J., Yin, X., Peterson, J. W., Chang, A., Torres, T., Gudz, T. I., Macklin, W. B., Lewis, D., Fox, R., et al. (2006) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20736 · Cited by 881 · see citing works

Differentiation block of oligodendroglial progenitor cells as a cause for remyelination failure in chronic multiple sclerosis

Kuhlmann, T., Miron, V., Cuo, Q., Wegner, C., Antel, J., & Bruck, W. (2008) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awn096 · Cited by 864 · see citing works

Acute axonal damage in multiple sclerosis is most extensive in early disease stages and decreases over time.

Kuhlmann, T., Lingfeld, G., Bitsch, A., Schuchardt, J., & Brück, W. (2002) · Brain : a journal of neurology · doi:10.1093/brain/awf235 · Cited by 851 · see citing works

Remyelination is extensive in a subset of multiple sclerosis patients

Patrikios, P., Stadelmann, C., Kutzelnigg, A., Rauschka, H., Schmidbauer, M., Laursen, H., Sorensen, P. S., Bruck, W., Lucchinetti, C., & Lassmann, H. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl217 · Cited by 807 · see citing works

Subpial Demyelination in the Cerebral Cortex of Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Bø, L., Vedeler, C. A., Nyland, H. I., Trapp, B. D., & Mørk, S. J. (2003) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/62.7.723 · Cited by 757 · see citing works

Pattern-specific loss of aquaporin-4 immunoreactivity distinguishes neuromyelitis optica from multiple sclerosis

Roemer, S. F., Parisi, J. E., Lennon, V. A., Benarroch, E. E., Lassmann, H., Brück, W., Mandler, R. N., Weinshenker, B. G., Pittock, S. J., Wingerchuk, D. M., et al. (2007) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl371 · Cited by 716 · see citing works

Axon-Glial Signaling and the Glial Support of Axon Function

Nave, K., & Trapp, B. D. (2008) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.30.051606.094309 · Cited by 659 · see citing works

Grey Matter Pathology in Multiple Sclerosis

Vercellino, M., Plano, F., Votta, B., Mutani, R., Giordana, M., & Cavalla, P. (2005) · Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/01.jnen.0000190067.20935.42 · Cited by 657 · see citing works

Virtual hypoxia and chronic necrosis of demyelinated axons in multiple sclerosis

Trapp, B. D., & Stys, P. K. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70043-2 · Cited by 621 · see citing works

Intrathecal pathogenic anti–aquaporin‐4 antibodies in early neuromyelitis optica

Bennett, J. L., Lam, C., Kalluri, S. R., Saikali, P., Bautista, K., Dupree, C., Glogowska, M. J., Case, D., Antel, J. P., Owens, G. P., et al. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21802 · Cited by 593 · see citing works

Neuromyelitis optica: Pathogenicity of patient immunoglobulin in vivo

Bradl, M., Misu, T., Takahashi, T., Watanabe, M., Mader, S., Reindl, M., Adzemovic, M. Z., Bauer, J., Berger, T., Fujihara, K., et al. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21837 · Cited by 582 · see citing works

Multiple sclerosis: Remyelination of nascent lesions: Remyelination of nascent lesions

Prineas, J. W., Barnard, R. O., Kwon, E. E., Sharer, L. R., & Cho, E. ‐. (1993) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410330203 · Cited by 574 · see citing works

β-Amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) as a marker for axonal injury after head injury

Gentleman, S. M., Nash, M. J., Sweeting, C. J., Graham, D. I., & Roberts, G. W. (1993) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(93)90398-5 · Cited by 570 · see citing works

The role of nitric oxide in multiple sclerosis

Smith, K. J., & Lassmann, H. (2002) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(02)00102-3 · Cited by 531 · see citing works

Monocyte/macrophage differentiation in early multiple sclerosis lesions

Brück, W., Porada, P., Poser, S., Rieckmann, P., Hanefeld, F., Kretzschmarch, H. A., & Lassmann, H. (1995) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410380514 · Cited by 521 · see citing works

Evidence of Axonal Damage in the Early Stages of Multiple Sclerosis and Its Relevance to Disability

Stefano, N. D., Narayanan, S., Francis, G., Arnaoutelis, R., Tartaglia, M. C., Antel, J. P., Matthews, P. M., & Arnold, D. L. (2001) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.58.1.65 · Cited by 505 · see citing works

Thalamic neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis

Cifelli, A., Arridge, M., Jezzard, P., Esiri, M., Palace, J. A., & Matthews, P. (2002) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10326 · Cited by 500 · see citing works

Clinical and radiographic spectrum of pathologically confirmed tumefactive multiple sclerosis

Lucchinetti, C. F., Gavrilova, R. H., Metz, I., Parisi, J. E., Scheithauer, B. W., Weigand, S., Thomsen, K., Mandrekar, J., Altintas, A., Erickson, B. J., et al. (2008) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awn098 · Cited by 493 · see citing works

Intracortical multiple sclerosis lesions are not associated with increased lymphocyte infiltration

Bø, L., Vedeler, C. A., Nyland, H., Trapp, B. D., & Mørk, S. J. (2003) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1191/1352458503ms917oa · Cited by 478 · see citing works

Autoimmune encephalomyelitis ameliorated by AMPA antagonists

Smith, T., Groom, A., Zhu, B., & Turski, L. (2000) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/71548 · Cited by 467 · see citing works

A quantitative analysis of oligodendrocytes in multiple sclerosis lesions

Lucchinetti, C., Brück, W., Parisi, J., Scheithauer, B., Rodriguez, M., & Lassmann, H. (1999) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/122.12.2279 · Cited by 464 · see citing works

Mitochondrial changes within axons in multiple sclerosis

Mahad, D. J., Ziabreva, I., Campbell, G., Lax, N., White, K., Hanson, P. S., Lassmann, H., & Turnbull, D. M. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp046 · Cited by 454 · see citing works

Immunopathology of secondary‐progressive multiple sclerosis

Prineas, J. W., Kwon, E. E., Cho, E., Sharer, L. R., Barnett, M. H., Oleszak, E. L., Hoffman, B. E., & Morgan, B. P. (2001) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.1255 · Cited by 453 · see citing works

Pathogenesis of axonal and neuronal damage in multiple sclerosis

Dutta, R., & Trapp, B. (2007) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000275229.13012.32 · Cited by 450 · see citing works

Neocortical neuronal, synaptic, and glial loss in multiple sclerosis

Wegner, C., Esiri, M., Chance, S., Palace, J. A., & Matthews, P. M. (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000237551.26858.39 · Cited by 447 · see citing works

Relation between humoral pathological changes in multiple sclerosis and response to therapeutic plasma exchange

Keegan, M., König, F. B., McClelland, R. L., Brück, W., Morales, Y., Bitsch, A., PANITCH, H. S., Lassmann, H., Weinshenker, B. G., Rodriguez, M., et al. (2005) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)67102-4 · Cited by 432 · see citing works

Self-antigen tetramers discriminate between myelin autoantibodies to native or denatured protein

O’Connor, K. C., McLaughlin, K. A., Jager, P. L. D., Chitnis, T., Bettelli, E., Xu, C., Robinson, W. H., Cherry, S. V., Bar‐Or, A., Banwell, B., et al. (2007) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1488 · Cited by 419 · see citing works

Regional axonal loss in the corpus callosum correlates with cerebral white matter lesion volume and distribution in multiple sclerosis

Evangelou, N. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.9.1845 · Cited by 416 · see citing works

Remyelination capacity of the MS brain decreases with disease chronicity

Goldschmidt, T., Antel, J., König, F. B., Brück, W., & Kuhlmann, T. (2009) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181a8260a · Cited by 411 · see citing works

Patterns of oligodendroglia pathology in multiple sclerosis

Ozawa, K., Suchanek, G., Breitschopf, H., Br€ck, W., Budka, H., Jellinger, K. A., & Lassmann, H. (1994) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/117.6.1311 · Cited by 404 · see citing works

Neurofascin as a novel target for autoantibody-mediated axonal injury

Mathey, E. K., Derfuss, T. J., Storch, M. K., Williams, K. R., Hales, K., Woolley, D., Al‐Hayani, A., Davies, S. N., Rasband, M. N., Olsson, T. P., et al. (2007) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20071053 · Cited by 389 · see citing works

Multiple sclerosis: Distribution of inflammatory cells in newly forming lesions

Henderson, A. P. D., Barnett, M. H., Parratt, J. D. E., & Prineas, J. W. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21800 · Cited by 385 · see citing works

Axonal loss and neuroinflammation caused by peroxisome-deficient oligodendrocytes

Kassmann, C. M., Lappe-Siefke, C., Baes, M., Brügger, B., Mildner, A., Werner, H. B., Natt, O., Michaelis, T., Prinz, M., Frahm, J., et al. (2007) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng2070 · Cited by 357 · see citing works

Axonal changes in chronic demyelinated cervical spinal cord plaques

Lovas, G., Szilágyi, N., Majtényi, K., Palkovits, M., & Komoly, S. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.2.308 · Cited by 356 · see citing works

Homogeneity of active demyelinating lesions in established multiple sclerosis

Breij, E. C. W., Brink, B. P., Veerhuis, R., van den Berg, C., Vloet, R. P. M., Yan, R., Dijkstra, C. D., van der Valk, P., & Bø, L. (2008) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21311 · Cited by 353 · see citing works

A longitudinal study of brain atrophy in relapsing multiple sclerosis

Simon, J. H., Jacobs, L., Campion, M., Rudick, R. A., Cookfair, D. L., Herndon, R. M., Richert, J. R., Salazar, A. Μ., Fischer, J. S., Goodkin, D. E., et al. (1999) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.53.1.139 · Cited by 337 · see citing works

Antibodies to native myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in children with inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disease

Brilot, F., Dale, R. C., Selter, R., Grummel, V., Kalluri, S. R., Aslam, M., Busch, V., Zhou, D., Cepok, S., & Hemmer, B. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21916 · Cited by 324 · see citing works

Extensive cortical remyelination in patients with chronic multiple sclerosis

Albert, M., Antel, J., Brück, W., & Stadelmann, C. (2007) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2006.00043.x · Cited by 314 · see citing works

Demyelination, Inflammation, and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis Deep Gray Matter

Vercellino, M., Masera, S., Lorenzatti, M., Condello, C., Merola, A., Mattioda, A., Tribolo, A., Capello, E., Mancardi, G., Mutani, R., et al. (2009) · Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e3181a19a5a · Cited by 292 · see citing works

Autologous non-myeloablative haemopoietic stem cell transplantation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a phase I/II study

Burt, R. K., Loh, Y., Cohen, B. A., Stefoski, D., Balabanov, R. D., Katsamakis, G., Oyama, Y., Russell, E. J., Stern, J. L., Muraro, P. A., et al. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70017-1 · Cited by 283 · see citing works

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the demyelinated multiple sclerosis spinal cord

Wolswijk, G. (2002) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awf031 · Cited by 268 · see citing works

Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis: a pathological survey of the corticospinal and sensory tracts

DeLuca, G. C. (2004) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awh118 · Cited by 255 · see citing works

Blockers of sodium and calcium entry protect axons from nitric oxide‐mediated degeneration

Kapoor, R., Davies, M., Blaker, P. A., Hall, S. M., & Smith, K. J. (2002) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10443 · Cited by 252 · see citing works

Antigen microarrays identify unique serum autoantibody signatures in clinical and pathologic subtypes of multiple sclerosis

Quintana, F. J., Farez, M., Viglietta, V., Iglesias, A. H., Merbl, Y., Izquierdo, G., Lucas, M., Basso, A. S., Khoury, S. J., Lucchinetti, C. F., et al. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0806310105 · Cited by 242 · see citing works

The effect of interferon beta-1b treatment on MRI measures of cerebral atrophy in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis

Molyneux, P. D., Kappos, L., Polman, C. H., Pozzilli, C., Barkhof, F., Filippi, M., Yousry, T. A., Hahn, D. W., Wagner, K., Ghazi, M. K. K., et al. (2000) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/123.11.2256 · Cited by 241 · see citing works

Accumulation of cortical lesions in MS: relation with cognitive impairment

Roosendaal, S. D., Moraal, B., Pouwels, P. J. W., Vrenken, H., Castelijns, J. A., Barkhof, F., & Geurts, J. J. G. (2009) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/1352458509102907 · Cited by 239 · see citing works

Contactin-2/TAG-1-directed autoimmunity is identified in multiple sclerosis patients and mediates gray matter pathology in animals

Derfuss, T. J., Parikh, K., Velhin, S., Braun, M., Mathey, E. K., Krumbholz, M., Kümpfel, T., Moldenhauer, A., Rader, C. M., Sonderegger, P., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0901496106 · Cited by 226 · see citing works

A new focal EAE model of cortical demyelination: Multiple sclerosis-like lesions with rapid resolution of inflammation and extensive remyelination

Merkler, D. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl135 · Cited by 222 · see citing works

Substantial Archaeocortical Atrophy and Neuronal Loss in Multiple Sclerosis

Papadopoulos, D., Dukes, S., Patel, R., Nicholas, R., Vora, A., & Reynolds, R. (2009) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2008.00177.x · Cited by 192 · see citing works

The pathology of multiple sclerosis is location-dependent: no significant complement activation is detected in purely cortical lesions

Brink, B. P., Veerhuis, R., Breij, E. C. W., van der Valk, P., Dijkstra, C. D., & Bö, L. (2005) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1093/jnen/64.2.147 · Cited by 191 · see citing works

Altered Glutamate Reuptake in Relapsing-Remitting and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Cortex: Correlation With Microglia Infiltration, Demyelination, and Neuronal and Synaptic Damage

Vercellino, M., Merola, A., Piacentino, C., Votta, B., Capello, E., Mancardi, G. L., Mutani, R., Giordana, M. T., & Cavalla, P. (2007) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e31812571b0 · Cited by 190 · see citing works

Hippocampal CA1 atrophy and synaptic loss during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, EAE

Ziehn, M. O., Avedisian, A., Tiwari-Woodruff, S., & Voskuhl, R. (2010) · Laboratory Investigation · doi:10.1038/labinvest.2010.6 · Cited by 190 · see citing works

The blood-brain barrier in cortical multiple sclerosis lesions

van Horssen, J., Brink, B. P., de Vries, H. E., van der Valk, P., & Bø, L. (2007) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e318040b2de · Cited by 187 · see citing works

Perivenous demyelination: association with clinically defined acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and comparison with pathologically confirmed multiple sclerosis

Young, N. P., Weinshenker, B. G., Parisi, J. E., Scheithauer, B. W., Giannini, C., Roemer, S. F., Thomsen, K. M., Mandrekar, J. N., Erickson, B. J., & Lucchinetti, C. F. (2010) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp321 · Cited by 186 · see citing works

Clinico-pathological evidence that axonal loss underlies disability in progressive multiple sclerosis

Tallantyre, E., Bø, L., Alrawashdeh, O., Owens, T., Polman, C., Lowe, J., & Evangelou, N. (2010) · Multiple Sclerosis · doi:10.1177/1352458510364992 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Lower motor neuron loss in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Vogt, J., Paul, F., Aktaş, O., Müller-Wielsch, K., Dörr, J., Dörr, S., Bharathi, B. S., Glumm, R., Schmitz, C., Steinbusch, H. W. M., et al. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21719 · Cited by 169 · see citing works

Mechanisms of axonal injury: internodal nanocomplexes and calcium deregulation

Stirling, D. P., & Stys, P. K. (2010) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2010.02.002 · Cited by 163 · see citing works

Axonal and neuronal pathology in multiple sclerosis: what have we learnt from animal models.

Lassmann, H. (2010) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.10.009 · Cited by 162 · see citing works

Oligodendrocyte and axon pathology in clinically silent multiple sclerosis lesions

Mews, I., Bergmann, M., Bunkowski, S., Gullotta, F., & Brück, W. (1998) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/135245859800400203 · Cited by 160 · see citing works

Pattern of T2 hypointensity associated with ring-enhancing brain lesions can help to differentiate pathology

Schwartz, K. M., Erickson, B. J., & Lucchinetti, C. F. (2006) · Neuroradiology · doi:10.1007/s00234-005-0024-5 · Cited by 159 · see citing works

Remodeling of Axonal Connections Contributes to Recovery in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis

Kerschensteiner, M., Bareyre, F. M., Buddeberg, B. S., Merkler, D., Stadelmann, C., Brück, W., Misgeld, T., & Schwab, M. E. (2004) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20040452 · Cited by 146 · see citing works

Abnormally phosphorylated tau is associated with neuronal and axonal loss in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis

Anderson, J. M., Hampton, D. W., Patani, R., Pryce, G., Crowther, R. A., Reynolds, R., Franklin, R. J. M., Giovannoni, G., Compston, D. A. S., Baker, D., et al. (2008) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awn119 · Cited by 141 · see citing works

Persistent endothelial abnormalities and blood–brain barrier leak in primary and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis

Leech, S., Kirk, J., Plumb, J., & McQuaid, S. (2007) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.2006.00781.x · Cited by 137 · see citing works

Cortical lesions and brain atrophy in MS.

Kutzelnigg, A., & Lassmann, H. (2005) · Journal of Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2005.03.027 · Cited by 137 · see citing works

Autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation fails to stop demyelination and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis.

Metz, I., Lucchinetti, C., Openshaw, H., García-Merino, A., Lassmann, H., Freedman, M., Atkins, H., Azzarelli, B., Kolar, O., & Brück, W. (2007) · Brain : a journal of neurology · doi:10.1093/brain/awl370 · Cited by 135 · see citing works

The macrophage in MS: just a scavenger after all? Pathology and pathogenesis of the acute MS lesion

Barnett, M. H., Henderson, A. P. D., & Prineas, J. W. (2006) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1191/135248506ms1304rr · Cited by 134 · see citing works

Seven-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Ge, Y., Zohrabian, V. M., & Grossman, R. I. (2008) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.65.6.812 · Cited by 125 · see citing works

Extensive cortical inflammation is associated with epilepsy in multiple sclerosis

Calabrese, M., Stefano, N., Atzori, M., Bernardi, V., Mattisi, I., Barachino, L., Rinaldi, L., Morra, A., McAuliffe, M., Perini, P., et al. (2008) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-008-0752-7 · Cited by 123 · see citing works

Multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease

Dal Bianco, A., Bradl, M., Frischer, J., Kutzelnigg, A., Jellinger, K., & Lassmann, H. (2008) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21240 · Cited by 123 · see citing works

Meningeal Inflammation is not Associated With Cortical Demyelination in Chronic Multiple Sclerosis

Kooi, E., Geurts, J. J. G., van Horssen, J., Bø, L., & van der Valk, P. (2009) · Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1097/nen.0b013e3181b4bf8f · Cited by 114 · see citing works

Demyelinated neocortical lesions in marmoset autoimmune encephalomyelitis mimic those in multiple sclerosis.

Pomeroy, I., Matthews, P., Frank, J., Jordan, E., & Esiri, M. (2005) · Brain : a journal of neurology · doi:10.1093/brain/awh626 · Cited by 111 · see citing works

Immune Cells Contribute to Myelin Degeneration and Axonopathic Changes in Mice Overexpressing Proteolipid Protein in Oligodendrocytes

Ip, C. W., Kroner, A., Bendszus, M., Leder, C., Kobsar, I., Fischer, S., Wiendl, H., Nave, K., & Martini, R. (2006) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1921-06.2006 · Cited by 110 · see citing works

Contribution of White Matter Lesions to Gray Matter Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis

Sepulcre, J., Goñi, J., Masdeu, J. C., Bejarano, B., de Mendizábal, N. V., Toledo, J. B., & Villoslada, P. (2009) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneurol.2008.562 · Cited by 108 · see citing works

Progressive multiple sclerosis

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