Cited by 31Adrenal Hormones and DisordersDrug Transport and Resistance MechanismsCholesterol and Lipid Metabolism

Bile acids and glucocorticoid metabolism in health and disease

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Theiler-Schwetz, Verena, Zaufel, Alex, Schlager, Hansjörg, Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara, Fickert, Peter, Zollner, Gernot·2019·Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease

Abstract

Glucocorticoids are regulators of stress response essential for survival. Liver disease can alter this homeostatic mechanism in patients with liver cirrhosis - a finding that might mirror the controversially discussed condition of critical illness related corticosteroid insufficiency. Underlying mechanisms might be shared molecular pathways in both bile acid as well as glucocorticoid metabolism at the level of synthesis, catabolism or the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. Molecular links include the farnesoid X receptor FXR or the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 expressed in the liver and the adrenals. In this review we sum up knowledge on the regulation of adrenal gland function and steroidogenesis, focussing on bile acids and potential alterations under cholestatic conditions, depict molecular links between glucocorticoid and bile acid metabolism and discuss the difficulties of assessment of adrenal function in humans in general and more specifically in liver diseases.

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Authors
Theiler-Schwetz, V., Zaufel, A., Schlager, H., Obermayer-Pietsch, B., Fickert, P., & Zollner, G.
Affiliations
Medical University of Graz (AT)
Corresponding author
Zollner, Gernot
Venue
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2019-01
Volume
1865
Issue
1
Pages
243-251
ISSN
0925-4439 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2885619346
Cited by
31
References
117
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4
FWCI
0.27
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
Keywords
bile acids, glucocorticoids, liver cirrhosis, critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency, farnesoid X receptor, TGR5, steroidogenesis, adrenal function, cholestasis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, stress response
MeSH terms
Adrenal Glands, Bile Acids and Salts, Cholestasis, Corticosterone, Fibrosis, Glucocorticoids, Homeostasis, Hormones, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Liver, Liver Cirrhosis, Liver Diseases, Liver Diseases, Alcoholic, Steroids, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled, Lipid Metabolism

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