Prefrontal cortex, caloric restriction and stress during aging: Studies on dopamine and acetylcholine release, BDNF and working memory
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate whether long-term caloric restriction during the life span of the rat changes the effects of an acute mild stress on the release of dopamine and acetylcholine in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and on working memory performance. Spontaneous motor activity was also monitored and levels of BDNF measured in the prefrontal cortex, amygdala and hippocampus. Male Wistar rats (3 months of age) were housed during 3, 12, 21 and 27 months (6, 15, 24 and 30 months of age at the end of housing) in caloric restriction (CR; 40% food intake restriction) or control conditions. After behavioural testing, animals were further subdivided into two other groups. In one of the groups BDNF protein levels were determined. In the other group rats were implanted with guide cannulas into the PFC to perform microdialysis experiments. In CR rats the release of dopamine produced by handling stress did not differ from the response found in control rats of 6, 15 and 24 months of age. The release of acetylcholine was not changed at the ages of 6 and 15 months but reduced at the age of 24 months. Stress did not change dopamine or acetylcholine release in CR and control rats of 30 months of age. BDNF levels were increased in the hippocampus and amygdala, but not in the PFC, of 6 and 15 months CR rats. Spontaneous motor activity was increased in all groups of CR rats. Age, however, decreased motor activity in CR and control rats. Both experimental groups showed similar working memory performance in a delayed alternation task in basal conditions and after a situation of acute stress. These results suggest that CR does not modify the function of the PFC in response to an acute stress nor the changes found as a result of the normal process of aging.
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Physical activity, cognitive stimulation, and a balanced diet can stimulate BDNF expression in humans and animals.
“Several studies on both humans and animals show that physical activity, cognitive stimulation, and a balanced diet can stimulate BDNF expression [204–207].”
From Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Brain Disorders: Focus on Neuroinflammation (2019) · cites this paper as [204]
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- Authors
- Del Arco, A., Segovia, G., de Blas, M., Garrido, P., Acuña-Castroviejo, D., Pamplona, R., & Mora, F.
- Affiliations
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid (ES)
- Universitat de Lleida (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Mora, Francisco
- Venue
- Behavioural Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-01
- Volume
- 216
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 136-145
- ISSN
- 0166-4328 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2067374022
- Cited by
- 57
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Behavioural Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Keywords
- caloric restriction, aging, prefrontal cortex, acute stress, dopamine release, acetylcholine release, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, working memory, spontaneous motor activity, hippocampus, amygdala, delayed alternation task, neuroprotection
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcholine, Aging, Amygdala, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Catheters, Indwelling, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Dopamine, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Hippocampus, Longevity, Male, Memory, Short-Term, Motor Activity, Restraint, Physical, Stress, Physiological, Stress, Psychological, Rats, Wistar, Prefrontal Cortex, Microdialysis, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Caloric Restriction, Rats
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