The roles of transforming growth factor-β and Smad3 signaling in adipocyte differentiation and obesity
Abstract
We aimed at elucidating the roles of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and Smad3 signaling in adipocyte differentiation (adipogenesis) and in the pathogenesis of obesity. TGF-β/Smad3 signaling in white adipose tissue (WAT) was determined in genetically obese (ob/ob) mice. The effect of TGF-β on adipogenesis was evaluated in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) isolated both from WT controls and Smad3 KO mice by Oil red-O staining and gene expression analysis. Phenotypic analyses of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in Smad3 KO mice compared to WT controls were performed. TGF-β/Smad3 signaling was elevated in WAT from ob/ob mice compared to the controls. TGF-β significantly inhibited adipogenesis in MEF, but the inhibitory effects of TGF-β on adipogenesis were partially abolished in MEF from Smad3 KO mice. TGF-β inhibited adipogenesis independent from the Wnt and β-catenin pathway. Smad3 KO mice were protected against HFD-induced insulin resistance. The size of adipocytes from Smad3 KO mice on the HFD was significantly smaller compared to the controls. In conclusion, the TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway plays key roles not only in adipogenesis but also in development of insulin resistance.
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Global deletion of Smad3 protects mice from weight gain on HFD, elevates Akt signaling in WAT, and induces a browning phenotype in WAT.
“Global deletion of Smad3 protects mice from weight gain on HFD, elevates Akt signaling in WAT, and induces a browning phenotype in WAT [28,29], highlighting the relevance of this signaling pathway in fat.”
From Antibody blockade of activin type II receptors preserves skeletal muscle mass and enhances fat loss during GLP-1 receptor agonism (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Tsurutani, Y., Fujimoto, M., Takemoto, M., Irisuna, H., Koshizaka, M., Onishi, S., Ishikawa, T., Mezawa, M., He, P., Honjo, S., Maezawa, Y., Saito, Y., & Yokote, K.
- Affiliations
- Chiba University (JP)
- Chiba University Hospital (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Takemoto, Minoru
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-04
- Volume
- 407
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 68-73
- ISSN
- 0006-291X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1989244177
- Cited by
- 102
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › TGF-β signaling in diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- TGF-beta, Smad3 signaling, adipogenesis, obesity, white adipose tissue, ob/ob mice, high-fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, Smad3 knockout mice, adipocyte size, Wnt/β-catenin signaling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Obesity, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Mice, Knockout, Adipogenesis, Mice, Smad3 Protein, Adipose Tissue, White, Adipocytes, White
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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