Adipose Insulin Resistance in Normal-Weight Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Open accessAbstract
CONTEXT: Normal-weight women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may have adipose tissue insulin resistance (adipose-IR). OBJECTIVE: To examine whether adipose-IR and subcutaneous (SC) abdominal adipose stem cell (ASC) gene expression are altered in normal-weight women with PCOS and correlated with hyperandrogenemia and/or whole-body IR. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Academic medical center. PATIENTS: Ten normal-weight women with PCOS and 18 control subjects matched for age and body mass index. INTERVENTION(S): Women underwent circulating hormone and metabolic measurements, IV glucose tolerance testing, total-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and SC abdominal fat biopsy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Adipose-IR (fasting insulin × total fatty acid levels) and SC abdominal ASC gene expression were compared between groups and correlated with clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Adipose-IR was greater in women with PCOS than in control subjects (P < 0.01), with 29 pmol/L × mmol/L providing 94% specificity and 80% sensitivity in discriminating the two groups (P < 0.001). Adipose-IR positively correlated with serum androgen and log of fasting triglyceride (TG) levels, percentage of small adipocytes (P < 0.01, all correlations), and acute insulin response to glucose (P < 0.05); and negatively correlated with insulin sensitivity (Si; P < 0.025) and serum adiponectin levels (P < 0.05). Adjusting for serum androgens, adipose-IR correlations with Si and log TG levels remained significant. ASC genes were differentially expressed by the two groups. Expression of functionally critical genes was associated with serum testosterone and/or fasting insulin levels. CONCLUSION: Normal-weight women with PCOS have increased adipose-IR and altered ASC gene expression related to hyperandrogenism and IR.
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Even normal-weight women with PCOS have insulin resistance.
“It is important to point out, however, that even normal-weight women with PCOS have insulin resistance [23]”
From Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Improving Metabolic Dysfunctions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2024) · cites this paper as [23]
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Self-citationRole of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Improving Metabolic Dysfunctions in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
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“It is important to point out, however, that even normal-weight women with PCOS have insulin resistance [23], suggesting that adiposity-independent mechanisms may also play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in this condition.”
BackgroundUnraveling PCOS: Exploring its causes and diagnostic challenges
Dar, M. A., Maqbool, M., Qadrie, Z., Ara, I., & Qadir, A. (2024) · Open Health · doi:10.1515/ohe-2023-0026 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dumesic, D. A., Phan, J. D., Leung, K. L., Grogan, T. R., Ding, X., Li, X., Hoyos, L. R., Abbott, D. H., & Chazenbalk, G. D.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dumesic, Daniel A
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2019-01-11
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2171-2183
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- PMC
- PMC6482023
- OpenAlex
- W2944329517
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9
- FWCI
- 11.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50HD071836)
- Oregon National Primate Research Center (P51 ODO11092)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR001881)
- Santa Monica Bay Woman’s Club
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, adipose tissue insulin resistance, normal-weight women, hyperandrogenemia, insulin resistance, adiponectin, triglycerides, acute insulin response, insulin sensitivity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Testosterone, Triglycerides, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal, Adiponectin
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