The DOI matches its Crossref record; 207 of the 210 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The dsRNA protein kinase PKR: Virus and cell control
Abstract
The IFN-induced double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is one of the four mammalian serine-threonine kinases (the three others being HRI, GCN2 and PERK) that phosphorylate the eIF2 alpha translation initiation factor, in response to stress signals, mainly as a result of viral infections. eIF2 alpha phosphorylation results in arrest of translation of both cellular and viral mRNAs, an efficient way to inhibit virus replication. The particularity of PKR is to activate by binding to dsRNA through two N terminal dsRNA binding motifs (dsRBM). PKR activation during a viral infection represents a threat for several viruses, which have therefore evolved to express PKR inhibitors, such as the Vaccinia E3L and K3L proteins. The function of PKR can also be regulated by cellular proteins, either positively (RAX/PACT; Mda7) or negatively (p58IPK, TRBP, nucleophosmin, Hsp90/70). PKR can provoke apoptosis, in part through its ability to control protein translation, but the situation appears to be more complex, as NF-kappaB, ATF-3 and p53 have also been implicated. PKR-induced apoptosis involves mainly the FADD/caspase 8 pathway, while the mitochondrial APAF/caspase 9 pathway is also engaged. As a consequence of the effects of PKR on translation, transcription and apoptosis, PKR can function to control cell growth and cell differentiation, and its activity can be controlled by the action of several oncogenes.
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“A study demonstrating that influenza virus infection was lethal in mice lacking the NK cell-activating receptor NCR1 suggests that NK cells are indeed crucial for protection against respiratory virus infections (78).”
From The airway epithelium: soldier in the fight against respiratory viruses (2011) · cites this paper as [78]
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Kim, V. N., Han, J., & Siomi, M. C. (2009) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2632 · Cited by 2,814
The integrated stress response
Pakos‐Zebrucka, K., Koryga, I., Mnich, K., Ljujic, M., Samali, A., & Gorman, A. M. (2016) · The EMBO Reports · doi:10.15252/embr.201642195 · Cited by 2,659
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Metadata
- Authors
- García, M. A., Meurs, E. F., & Esteban, M.
- Affiliations
- Institut Pasteur (FR)
- ORCID
- Meurs, E.F.
- Venue
- Biochimie
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-06
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 6-7
- Pages
- 799-811
- ISSN
- 0037-9042 (ISSN-L)
- 0300-9084
- OpenAlex
- W2085487477
- Cited by
- 644
- References
- 210
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 49 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 38 · 2012: 58
- FWCI
- 2.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biochimie (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Keywords
- PKR, double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, eIF2α phosphorylation, translational arrest, antiviral innate immunity, interferon signaling, PKR inhibitor, p58IPK, TRBP, nucleophosmin, apoptosis, NF-κB, ATF3, p53, oncogenes, cell growth and differentiation, viral replication inhibition
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antiviral Agents, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Models, Biological, RNA, Messenger, Protein Biosynthesis, Signal Transduction, Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, NF-kappa B, Apoptosis, Protein Structure, Tertiary, eIF-2 Kinase, Amino Acid Motifs, Cell Proliferation
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