Relationships between degradability of silk scaffolds and osteogenesis
Open accessAbstract
Bone repairs represent a major focus in orthopedic medicine with biomaterials as a critical aspect of the regenerative process. However, only a limited set of biomaterials are utilized today and few studies relate biomaterial scaffold design to degradation rate and new bone formation. Matching biomaterial remodeling rate towards new bone formation is important in terms of the overall rate and quality of bone regeneration outcomes. We report on the osteogenesis and metabolism of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in 3D silk scaffolds. The scaffolds were prepared with two different degradation rates in order to study relationships between matrix degradation, cell metabolism and bone tissue formation in vitro. SEM, histology, chemical assays, real-time PCR and metabolic analyses were assessed to investigate these relationships. More extensively mineralized ECM formed in the scaffolds designed to degrade more rapidly, based on SEM, von Kossa and type I collagen staining and calcium content. Measures of osteogenic ECM were significantly higher in the more rapidly degrading scaffolds than in the more slowly degrading scaffolds over 56 days of study in vitro. Metabolic analysis, including glucose and lactate levels, confirmed the degradation rate differences with the two types of scaffolds, with the more rapidly degrading scaffolds supporting higher levels of glucose consumption and lactate synthesis by the hMSCs upon osteogenesis, in comparison to the more slowly degrading scaffolds. The results demonstrate that scaffold degradation rates directly impact the metabolism of hMSCs, and in turn the rate of osteogenesis. An understanding of the interplay between cellular metabolism and scaffold degradability should aid in the more rational design of scaffolds for bone regeneration needs both in vitro and in vivo.
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Silk fibroin hydrolysates can enhance alkaline phosphatase activity in osteoblasts and their ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation.
“Moreover, the study also found that silk fibroin hydrolysates can enhance the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in osteoblasts and their ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation [33].”
From Recent Advances in Silk Fibroin-Based Composites for Bone Repair Applications: A Review (2025) · cites this paper as [33]
The Discussion reports that faster-degrading silk scaffolds promoted osteogenic differentiation, and the Gene expression results report higher ALP transcripts in those scaffolds. The study examined cells grown on scaffolds, not treatment with silk fibroin hydrolysates. Its Biochemical analysis does not report enhanced ALP activity; activity decreased from day 16 to day 56 in both scaffold groups. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Silk fibroin biomaterials for tissue regenerations
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“Moreover, the study also found that silk fibroin hydrolysates can enhance the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in osteoblasts and their ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation [33].”
- Authors
- Park, S.-H., Gil, E. S., Shi, H., Kim, H. J., Lee, K., & Kaplan, D. L.
- Affiliations
- Tufts University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kaplan, David L.
- Venue
- Biomaterials
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 6162-6172
- ISSN
- 0142-9612 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2891356
- OpenAlex
- W1977959012
- Cited by
- 196
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 7.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Biomaterials (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Ministry of Education and Human Resources Development (KRF-2007-357-D00296)
- National Institutes of Health (EB002520, EB003210P41)
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Silk-based biomaterials and applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Keywords
- silk scaffolds, scaffold degradation rate, bone formation, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, bone regeneration, cellular metabolism, glucose utilization, lactic acid production, extracellular matrix mineralization, type I collagen
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Amino Acids, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Culture Media, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Models, Biological, Osteogenesis, RNA, Messenger, Biomarkers, Silk, Tissue Scaffolds, Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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