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Chlorogenic acid (CGA): A pharmacological review and call for further research
Abstract
Phenolic acids have recently gained substantial attention due to their various practical, biological and pharmacological effects. Chlorogenic Acid (CGA, 3-CQA) is a most abundant isomer among caffeoylquinic acid isomers (3-, 4-, and 5-CQA), that currently known as 5-CQA as per guidelines of IUPAC. It is one of the most available acids among phenolic acid compounds which can be naturally found in green coffee extracts and tea. CGA is an important and biologically active dietary polyphenol, playing several important and therapeutic roles such as antioxidant activity, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, neuroprotective, anti-obesity, antiviral, anti-microbial, anti-hypertension, free radicals scavenger and a central nervous system (CNS) stimulator. In addition, it has been found that CGA could modulate lipid metabolism and glucose in both genetically and healthy metabolic related disorders. It is speculated that CGA can perform crucial roles in lipid and glucose metabolism regulation and thus help to treat many disorders such as hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity as well. Furthermore, this phenolic acid (CGA) causes hepatoprotective effects by protecting animals from chemical or lipopolysaccharide-induced injuries. The hypocholesterolemic influence of CGA can result from the altered metabolism of nutrients, including amino acids, glucose and fatty acids (FA). The purpose of this review was to broaden the scope of knowledge of researchers to conduct more studies on this subject to both unveil and optimize its biological and pharmacological effects. As a result, CGA may be practically used as a natural safeguard food additive to replace the synthetic antibiotics and thereby reduce the medicinal cost.
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“It is suggested that the fraction of phenolic compounds, consisting mainly of caffeic acid (CA), quinic acid (QA), and the chlorogenic acids family, are the main compounds responsible for these properties [145,146,147,148,149,150,151].”
From Multi-Target Mechanisms of Phytochemicals in Alzheimer’s Disease: Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Protein Aggregation (2022) · cites this paper as [149]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Naveed, M., Hejazi, V., Abbas, M., Kamboh, A. A., Khan, G. J., Shumzaid, M., Ahmad, F., Babazadeh, D., FangFang, X., Modarresi-Ghazani, F., WenHua, L., & XiaoHui, Z.
- Affiliations
- China Pharmaceutical University (CN)
- Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- Sindh Agriculture University (PK)
- Riphah International University (PK)
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad (PK)
- Shiraz University (IR)
- Nanjing Xiaozhuang University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- XiaoHui, Zhou
- ORCID
- Venue
- Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-01
- Volume
- 97
- Pages
- 67-74
- ISSN
- 0753-3322 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2767209834
- Cited by
- 1,586
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 160 · 2025: 237 · 2024: 257 · 2023: 240 · 2022: 216 · 2021: 204 · 2020: 158 · 2019: 82 · 2018: 30
- FWCI
- 9.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Chartered Professional Accountants of Canada
- China Scholarship Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Coffee research and impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Keywords
- chlorogenic acid, caffeoylquinic acids, phenolic acids, dietary polyphenols, antioxidant activity, hepatoprotection, cardioprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, diabetes mellitus, obesity, hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular disease, cholesterol-lowering effect, antibacterial activity, natural food additives, green coffee beans, tea
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chlorogenic Acid, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Obesity, Anti-Obesity Agents, Biomedical Research, Lipid Metabolism, Metabolic Networks and Pathways
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