Classification of white matter lesions on magnetic resonance imaging in elderly persons
Open accessAbstract
White matter lesions, commonly seen on MRIs of elderly people, are related to various geriatric disorders, including cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular diseases, dementia, and psychiatric disorders. Currently, white matter lesions are divided into periventricular white matter lesions and deep white matter lesions. Although the meaning of these terms varies by study and this dichotomization itself is still in debate, a possible dissimilarity in pathogenic mechanisms between periventricular white matter lesions and deep white matter lesions are providing some clues for understanding pathophysiology of many geriatric syndromes associated with white matter lesions. We have reviewed the distinctions between periventricular white matter lesions and deep white matter lesions in terms of etiology, histopathology, functional correlates, and imaging methodologies. We suggest a new subclassification of white matter lesions that might have better etiological and functional relevance than the current simple dichotomization. The new categories are juxtaventricular, periventricular, deep white, and juxtacortical. This new classification scheme might contribute to reducing the heterogeneity of white matter lesion findings in future research.
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Both preclinical and clinical studies have reported reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased mean diffusivity (MD) in AD.
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Coevolution of white matter hyperintensities and cognition in the elderly
Maillard, P., Carmichael, O., Fletcher, E., Reed, B., Mungas, D., & DeCarli, C. (2012) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3182617136 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
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Sanders, J. L., Boudreau, R. M., Fried, L. P., Walston, J. D., Harris, T. B., & Newman, A. B. (2011) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03557.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Han, X., Hu, R., Ping, X., Chen, J., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Jin, X., Gao, X., Lin, M., Zhao, Y., et al. (2026) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.71908
- Authors
- Kim, K. W., MacFall, J. R., & Payne, M. E.
- Affiliations
- Seoul National University (KR)
- Duke University (US)
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Payne, Martha E.
- Venue
- Biological Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-08
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 273-280
- ISSN
- 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2593803
- OpenAlex
- W2002514626
- Cited by
- 539
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 38 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 56 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 1.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH60451, P50MH060451)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Cerebrovascular and genetic disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- white matter lesions, periventricular white matter lesions, deep white matter lesions, older adults, geriatric syndromes, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, histopathology, pathophysiology
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brain Injuries, Cerebral Ventricles, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Geriatric Assessment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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