Effects of early weaning and social isolation on the expression of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 and 2 mRNAs in the frontal cortex and hippocampus of piglets
Abstract
Pigs weaned at young ages show more abnormal and aggressive behaviors and cognitive deficits compared to later weaned pigs. We investigated the effects of age, weaning and/or social isolation on the expression of genes regulating glucocorticoid response [glucocorticoid receptor (GR), mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (11beta-HSD1 and 11beta-HSD2)] in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Early- (EW; n = 6) and conventionally-weaned (CW; n = 6) piglets were weaned at 10 and 21 days after birth, respectively. Non-weaned (NW) piglets of both ages (NW; n = 6/group) remained with their dams. Immediately before euthanasia, half of CW, EW and NW animals were socially isolated for 15 min at 12 (EW, NW) and 23 (CW, NW) days of age. Differences in amounts of 11beta-HSD1, 11beta-HSD2, GR and MR mRNA were determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and data subjected to multivariate linear mixed model analysis. When compared with NW piglets at 12 days of age, the hippocampi of EW piglets showed decreased gene expression (P < 0.01). Social isolation decreased gene expression (P < 0.05) in the frontal cortex of all piglets. Twelve-day-old piglets showed higher MR mRNA in the frontal cortex (P < 0.01) and lower 11beta-HSD2 and GR mRNA (P < 0.05) in the hippocampus compared to 23-day-old animals. Results indicate that EW affected the hippocampus of piglets at 12 days of age, while social isolation affected frontal cortex regardless of age. These results may be correlated with behavioral and cognitive changes reported in EW piglets.
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Social isolation decreases expression of genes regulating glucocorticoid response in the frontal cortex of piglets.
“decreases the expression of genes regulating glucocorticoid response in the frontal cortex of piglets;17”
From Social isolation (2011) · cites this paper as [17]
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- Authors
- Poletto, R., Steibel, J. P., Siegford, J. M., & Zanella, A. J.
- Affiliations
- Michigan State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zanella, A.J.
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 1067
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 36-42
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2050294265
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Michigan State University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Keywords
- early weaning, social isolation, glucocorticoid receptor, mineralocorticoid receptor, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, gene expression, frontal cortex, hippocampus, piglets, glucocorticoid response, neuroendocrine stress response, aggression, cognitive impairment
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cognition, Frontal Lobe, Gene Expression Regulation, Hippocampus, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, RNA, RNA, Messenger, Social Isolation, Swine, Transcription, Genetic, Weaning, Receptors, Mineralocorticoid, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1, 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 2
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