Cited by 276Immune cells in cancerAngiogenesis and VEGF in CancerCancer Cells and Metastasis

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Tumor-associated macrophages as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer

Tang, Xiaoqiang·2013·Cancer Letters

DOI 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.01.024

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Abstract

Breast cancer development largely depends upon the essential contributions from the tumor microenvironment, where several inflammatory cell populations (e.g. macrophages) orchestrate breast cancer development. The majority of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) exhibit alternatively activated M2 properties, produce abundant anti-inflammatory factors and facilitate tumor development. Clinical evidences compellingly indicate the association between high TAMs influx and poor prognosis in patients with breast cancers. The pan-macrophage marker CD68 is now generally utilized to identify TAMs in diagnostic biopsy samples, and some other TAM-related biomarkers are also utilized in prognosis prediction, including CD163, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), proliferating cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA), ferritin light chain (FTL) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18). In this review, we highlight the recent progress made in understanding the relationship between TAMs and clinicopathological parameters in human breast cancer and address the potential value of TAMs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

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Authors: Tang, X.
Affiliations: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
Corresponding author: Tang, Xiaoqiang
ORCID: Tang, Xiaoqiang
Venue: Cancer Letters
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2013-05
Volume: 332
Issue: 1
Pages: 3-10
ISSN: 0304-3835 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.01.024
OpenAlex: W2077731584
Cited by: 276
References: 92
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 9
FWCI: 2.21
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Cancer Letters (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Tsinghua University
West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Topics: Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
Keywords: tumor-associated macrophages, breast cancer, tumor microenvironment, M2 macrophages, CD68, prognostic factors, diagnostic biomarkers, CD163, vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factor, PCNA, ferritin light chain, CCL18, TAM infiltration
MeSH terms: CD68 Molecule, Animals, Biopsy, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Macrophages, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, Biomarkers, Tumor, Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic, Antigens, CD, Tumor Microenvironment

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Tumor-associated macrophages as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in breast cancer

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