Cited by 122Probiotics and Fermented FoodsPolysaccharides Composition and ApplicationsEscherichia coli research studies

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Exopolysaccharides of Lactobacillus reuteri: Their Influence on Adherence of E. Coli to Epithelial Cells and Inflammatory Response

Kšonžeková, Petra, Bystrický, Peter, Vlčková, Silvia, Pätoprstý, Vladimír, Pulzová, Lucia, Mudroňová, Dagmar, Kubašková, Terézia, Csank, Tomáš, Tkáčiková, Ľudmila·2016·Carbohydrate Polymers

DOI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.12.037

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Abstract

The aim of the study was to characterize exopolysaccharides (EPS) originated from Lactobacillus reuteri strain DSM 17938 (EPS-DSM17938) and L. reuteri strain L26 Biocenol™ (EPS-L26) and evaluate their influence on adherence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) to IPEC-1 cells and proinflammatory gene expression. Both EPS were d-glucan polysaccharides with higher molecular weight (Mw), but differing in spatial conformation and elicited variable cytokine profile. EPS-DSM17938, relatively linear polysaccharide with (1→4) and (1→6) glycosidic linkages, increased IL-1β gene expression (0.1mg/mL; P<0.05), while EPS-L26, more branched polysaccharide with (1→3) and (1→6) glycosidic linkages, exerted slight but statistically significant up-regulation of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA (P<0.05). The most significant finding is that preincubation of IPEC-1 cells with both EPS followed by ETEC infection inhibit ETEC adhesion on IPEC-1 cells (P<0.01) and ETEC-induced gene expression of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β and IL-6 (P<0.01).

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The Protective Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri Combined With Clostridium butyricum Miyairi 588 on Intestinal Barrier Function, Water Transport, and Oxidative Stress in a Rat Model of 5FU ‐Induced Diarrhea
Tang, S., Chuang, W., Liao, J., Tsai, Y., Chen, L., Liao, J., Ko, J., & Ou, C. (2025) · Food Science & Nutrition · doi:10.1002/fsn3.70318 · Cited by 11
“…reuteri is recognized as a significant producer of EPS, which has been reported to mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation by modulating immune responses and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities including SOD, GPx, and CAT (Ferrer et al. 2024; Ksonzekova et al. 2016; Liu, Cheng, et al. 2024).”
The impact of Limosilactobacillus reuteri in combination with non-surgical periodontal therapy on periodontal clinical parameters and salivary and subgingival microbiota composition in individuals with stage III–IV periodontitis: a randomized controlled trial
Huo, P., Deng, L., Lu, J., Kan, P., Jing, R., & Luo, L.-J. (2025) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/s12903-025-06084-1 · Cited by 9
“7 cells [58].”
Anti-Colitic Effect of an Exopolysaccharide Fraction from Pediococcus pentosaceus KFT-18 on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis through Suppression of Inflammatory Mediators
Lee, J., Chung, K., Shin, J., Jung, S.-H., Lee, S., Lee, M.-K., Hong, H., Rhee, Y. K., & Lee, K. (2022) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym14173594 · Cited by 9
“tacts with some gut bacteria such as Escherichia coli [36].”
Background
Potential of lactic acid bacteria as starter cultures for food fermentation and as producers of biochemicals for value addition
Padhi, S., Sharma, S., Sahoo, D., Montēt, D., & Rai, A. K. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-89875-1.00009-2 · Cited by 9
Hierarchical arming of probiotics for improved viability to synergistically alleviate ulcerative colitis
Liu, Z., Feng, L., Huang, Q., Liu, H., Liu, H., & Wan, H. (2025) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2025.123791 · Cited by 9
Progress of research on the alleviation of intestinal inflammation by regulating intestinal mucosal function with postbiotics
Li, A., Yang, S., Han, X., Liu, C., Zheng, J., Ma, Y., Cheng, S., Zhao, J., Zhou, W., & Du, P. (2023) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2023.103437 · Cited by 10
Exopolysaccharide secreted by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Y12 showed inhibitory effect on the pathogenicity of Shigella flexneri in vitro and in vivo
Song, Y., Sun, M., Mu, G., & Tuo, Y. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129478 · Cited by 8
Characterization of Some Microorganisms from Human Stool Samples and Determination of Their Effects on CT26 Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Line
Kahraman, M. S., Karahan, A. G., & Terzioğlu, M. E. (2022) · Current Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00284-022-02915-4 · Cited by 8
“The antioxidative, immunostimulatory, and anticarcinogenic effects of EPS have been reported as well [41].”
Background
Lactobacillus reuteri for chronic periodontitis: focus on underlying mechanisms and future perspectives
Zhou, K., Xie, J., Su, Y., & Fang, J. (2023) · Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews · doi:10.1080/02648725.2023.2183617 · Cited by 9
“Furthermore, the exopolysaccharides secreted by LR can interfere with the adhesion and aggression of pathogenic bacteria, thus leading to decreased adhesion of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli to intestinal epithelium cells (Kšonžeková et al., 2016; Schembri et al., 2004).”
Exopolysaccharides from camel milk-derived Limosilactobacillus reuteri C66: Structural characterization, bioactive and rheological properties for food applications
Kober, A. K. M. H., Abdin, M., Subhash, A. J., Liu, S., Dertli, E., Abu‐Jdayil, B., Show, P. L., & Ayyash, M. M. (2025) · Food Chemistry X · doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2025.102164 · Cited by 7
Harnessing the Potential of Lactobacillus Species for Therapeutic Delivery at the lumenal-mucosal Interface
Spangler, J. R., Caruana, J. C., Medintz, I. L., & Walper, S. A. (2021) · Future Science OA · doi:10.2144/fsoa-2020-0153 · Cited by 7
Exopolysaccharides from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Review on Functions, Biosynthesis and Applications in Food Industry
Erdem, T. K., Tatar, H. D., Ayman, S., & Gezginç, Y. (2023) · Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology · doi:10.24925/turjaf.v11i2.414-423.5213 · Cited by 9
Immunomodulatory effect of probiotic exopolysaccharides in a porcine in vitro co-culture model mimicking the intestinal environment on ETEC infection
Kiššová, Z., Mudroňová, D., Link, R., & Tkáčiková, Ľ. (2023) · Veterinary Research Communications · doi:10.1007/s11259-023-10237-4 · Cited by 7
“In another of our studies, Kšonžeková et al. (2016) observed inhibition of ETEC adhesion to epithelial cells and subsequent reduction of gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 induced by ETEC infection after pretreatment of IPEC-1 cells with EPS-L26 (Kšonžeková et al. 2016).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
Systemic immune response of gnotobiotic mice infected with porcine circovirus type 2 after administration of Lactobacillus reuteri L26 Biocenol™
Mudroňová, D., Karaffová, V., Csank, T., Király, J., Révajová, V., Gancarčíková, S., Nemcová, R., Pistl, J., Vilček, Š., & Levkut, M. (2018) · Beneficial Microbes · doi:10.3920/bm2017.0147 · Cited by 7
Preparation and structural characterization of selenium nanoparticles from Lactobacillus reuteri and their protective effects on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice
Sun, L., Liu, S., Ding, Y., Yang, R., & Zeng, H. (2024) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2024.105293 · Cited by 6
Treatment and prevention of pigeon diarrhea through the application of Lactobacillus SNK-6
Fan, W., Zhu, Y., Hou, H., Yao, J., Zhu, L., Liu, H., & Yan, H. (2024) · Poultry Science · doi:10.1016/j.psj.2024.103476 · Cited by 6
Limosilactobacillus reuteri metabolites modulate immune pathways and intestinal barrier repair after 5 fluorouracil exposure
Lasaviciute, G., Plana, M. L., Örtegren, S. S., Telli, S., Kourmoulakis, S., Lundberg, L. E., Lidberg, K., Peiris, O., Sinha, I., Jonsson, A., et al. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-45524-y · Cited by 5
“However, pro-inflammatory IL-1β was significantly induced by DSM 17938, while TNF-α and IL-6 expression were enhanced by the L26 strain 51 .”
Newly Isolated Limosilactobacillus reuteri B1/1 Modulates the Expression of Cytokines and Antimicrobial Proteins in a Porcine ex Vivo Model
Kiššová, Z., Štofilová, J., Mudroňová, D., & Karaffová, V. (2024) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark · doi:10.31083/j.fbl2905180 · Cited by 5
Exopolysaccharides from Limosilactobacillus reuteri: their influence on in vitro activation of porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells - brief report
Kiššová, Z., Schusterová, P., Mudroňová, D., Novotny, J. F., & Tkáčiková, Ľ. (2024) · Veterinary Research Communications · doi:10.1007/s11259-024-10445-6 · Cited by 5
“Relative normal - ized expression was calculated by the 2 − ΔΔCt method using CFX96 Manager software (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) with actin as the reference gene (Kšonžeková et al. 2016 ).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Postbiotics: Production to consumption as natural enhancers and preservatives in the food industry
Akhavan, F., Bari, M. R., Noori, S. M. A., & Amiri, S. (2026) · Food Bioscience · doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2026.108865 · Cited by 4
Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Produce Bioactive Components during Formulation in Sucrose
Lundberg, L. E., Forsberg, M. M., Lemanczyk, J., Sverremark‐Ekström, E., Sandström, C., Roos, S., & Håkansson, S. (2024) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms12102058 · Cited by 4
“L. reuteri DSM 17938-derived EPS has been shown to inhibit the adhesion of enterotoxin-producing E. coli (ETEC) to intestinal IPEC-1 cells [9].”
Background
Chemical Analysis and Health Benefits of a Novel Polysaccharide Produced by Paenibacillus mucilaginosus
Ali, S. K., Abdelgawad, M. A., Selim, S., Keshek, D. E.-G., Mohamed, H. S., & Hamed, E. A. (2025) · Current Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00284-025-04300-3 · Cited by 4
Gut-Protective and Multifunctional Exopolysaccharide from Enterococcus faecium HDRsEf1: Structural Characterization and Protective Effects Against Enteropathogenic E. coli-Induced Intestinal Inflammation
Dong, Z., Li, X., Wu, Y., Wang, Z., Cui, W., Hu, S., Shi, D., Huang, Q., Xiao, Y., Zhou, H., et al. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17233667 · Cited by 4
Sourdough bread enriched with exopolysaccharides and gazpacho by-products modulates in vitro the microbiota dysbiosis
Nieto, J. A., Rosés, C., Viadel, B., Gallego, E., Romo‐Hualde, A., Milagro, F. I., Barceló, A., Virto, R., Saldaña, G., & Luengo, E. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132906 · Cited by 4
Probiotic applications of bifidobacteria in poultry: administration methods and microencapsulation techniques
Argañaraz-Martínez, E., Apella, M. C., Chaia, A. P., & Babot, J. D. (2024) · Microbiome Research Reports · doi:10.20517/mrr.2025.64 · Cited by 3
Structural characteristics and immunomodulatory activity of an exopolysaccharide from Antarctic Pseudoalteromonas sp. LP6-12-2
Wang, D., Li, H., Zhao, Y. X., Cong, B., & Zhang, P. (2025) · Extremophiles · doi:10.1007/s00792-025-01394-2 · Cited by 3
“Polysaccha - ride with more branch from Lactobacillus reuteri induced stronger upregulation of inflammatory mediators than those with fewer branch (Ksonzeková et al. 2016).”
Exopolysaccharides May Increase Gastrointestinal Stress Tolerance of Lactobacillus reuteri
Fedorová, M., Nemcová, R., Mudroňová, D., Styková, E., Brudňáková, M., & Reiffová, K. (2018) · Folia veterinaria · doi:10.2478/fv-2018-0034 · Cited by 4
The probiotic characteristics of Lactobacillus reuteri ZJ617 and its resistance to Escherichia coli O157:H7 challenge in HFD-fed mice
Ma, Y., Mao, Y., Deng, Z., Wang, S., Liu, J., & Wang, H. (2025) · Animal Nutriomics · doi:10.1017/anr.2025.3 · Cited by 2
“Previous studies found that L. reuteri produce lactic acid (Behare et al. 2023), reutericyclin (Huang et al. 2022) and exopolysaccharides (K ̌ son ̌ zeková et al. 2016), exhibiting antibacterial properties against certain intestinal pathogens in vitro (Al-Nabulsi et al. 2021; Bertin et al. 2017; K…”
Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Diverse Bacterial Strains for Management of Periodontal Diseases
Amani, A., Koroupi, K., Langarizadeh, M. A., Aghilinasab, A., Tavakoli, M. R., Afshari, A., & Forootanfar, H. (2025) · Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins · doi:10.1007/s12602-025-10786-x · Cited by 2
PROBIOTIC PROPERTIES OF LACTOBACILLUS REUTERI (L. REUTERI) STRAINS
Novikova, V. P., & Магомедова, Д. М. (2023) · Children s medicine of the North-West · doi:10.56871/cmn-w.2023.75.34.002 · Cited by 3
Acetolactate Decarboxylase as an Important Regulator of Intracellular Acidification, Morphological Features, and Antagonism Properties in the Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri
Wang, X., Chen, P., Wang, J., Wang, Y., Yu, M., Wang, X., Li, Q., Zhang, X., & Duan, J. (2023) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.202300337 · Cited by 2
The MATH test. A three-phase assay?
Salas-Tovar, J. A., Escobedo‐García, S., Olivas, G. I., Acosta‐Muñiz, C. H., Harte, F., & Sepulveda, D. R. (2024) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1093/femsle/fnae045 · Cited by 2
Atık Sulardan İzole Edilen Pseudomonas Spp.’ lerin Ekzopolisakkarit Üretimine Bazı Ağır Metallerin Etkisi
Yalçın, S., Öztürk, Ş., & Keloğlu, B. (2018) · Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi · doi:10.17100/nevbiltek.402196 · Cited by 1
Limosilactobacillus reuteri L26 BiocenolTM and its exopolysaccharide: Their influence on rotavirus-induced immune molecules in enterocyte-like cells
Schusterová, P., Mudroňová, D., Peňazziová, K., Hajdučková, V., & Csank, T. (2024) · Veterinární Medicína · doi:10.17221/106/2023-vetmed · Cited by 1
“…reuteri strain L26 Biocenol TM (CCM 8616) was originally isolated from the gut content of a healthy suckling piglet and its exopolysaccharide (EPS) was characterised as a high molecular weight d-glucan polysaccharide with (1 → 3) and (1 → 6) glycosidic linkages (Ksonzekova et al. 2016).”
Influential
Extracellular Polysaccharides: An Innovative Prebiotic with Potential Health Benefits Targeting Gut Flora
Ray, M., Ashwini, M., Bhargava, N., & Mondal, K. C. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-94472-7_14 · Cited by 1
Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17648 as an adjuvant in the fight against Helicobacter pylori infection: Mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and prospects
Sitkin, S. I. (2026) · Almanac of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.18786/2072-0505-2026-54-001 · Cited by 1
Probiyotik Mayalar ve Özellikleri
YILDIRAN, H., Kılıç, G. B., & Karahan, A. G. (2017) · Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology · doi:10.24925/turjaf.v5i10.1148-1155.1239 · Cited by 1
BEYAZ PEYNİRDEN İZOLE EDİLEN CRYPTOCOCCUS HUMICOLA SUŞLARININ STARTER AKTİVİTELERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
UZUNDAĞ, D. (2020) · GIDA / THE JOURNAL OF FOOD · doi:10.15237/gida.gd20076 · Cited by 1

Authors: Kšonžeková, P., Bystrický, P., Vlčková, S., Pätoprstý, V., Pulzová, L., Mudroňová, D., Kubašková, T., Csank, T., & Tkáčiková, Ľ.
Affiliations: University of Veterinary Medicine in Košice (SK)
Institute of Chemistry of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (SK)
Corresponding author: Tkáčiková, Ľudmila
ORCID: Bystrický, Peter
Vlčková, Silvia
Pulzová, Lucia
Mudroňová, Dagmar
Kubašková, Terézia
Csank, Tomáš
Tkáčiková, Ľudmila
Venue: Carbohydrate Polymers
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-05
Volume: 141
Pages: 10-19
ISSN: 0144-8617 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.12.037
OpenAlex: W2207148956
Cited by: 122
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2
FWCI: 10.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Carbohydrate Polymers (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: VEGA (1/0834/12)
Probiotech (26220220152)
European Fund (OAE010101)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Escherichia coli research studies
Keywords: Lactobacillus reuteri, exopolysaccharides, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, bacterial adhesion, IPEC-1 cells, intestinal epithelial cells, inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, interleukin-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, glycosidic linkage, polysaccharide molecular weight, prebiotics
MeSH terms: Animals, Bacterial Adhesion, Cell Line, Epithelial Cells, Glucans, Polysaccharides, Bacterial, RNA, Messenger, Swine, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Up-Regulation, NF-kappa B, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, Interleukin-1beta, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

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Exopolysaccharides of Lactobacillus reuteri: Their Influence on Adherence of E. Coli to Epithelial Cells and Inflammatory Response

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