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Cited by 368

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Molecular mechanisms of vascular adaptations to exercise. Physical activity as an effective antioxidant therapy?

KOJDA, G, HAMBRECHT, R·2005·Cardiovascular Research
DOI 10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032
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Abstract

A lack of exercise training and/or regular physical activity is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Exercise training induces marked vascular remodeling by increasing angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. These changes in the architecture of the vascular tree are likely associated with functional changes and improved organ blood flow. Physical forces such as shear stress, transmural pressure and cyclic stretch activate mechanotransduction mechanisms in endothelial and smooth muscle cells that are mediated by integrins and associated RhoA small GTPase. They stimulate various signal transduction pathways involving phosphorylation of kinases such as focal adhesion kinase, c-Src, Akt kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, myosin light chain kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). These mechanisms result in upregulation of genes mediating antiatherogenic effects by promoting antiapoptotic and antiproliferative signals, by increasing vascular NO bioavailability and by changing calcium handling and the vascular myogenic response to pressure. Exercise-induced increase of vascular eNOS expression and of eNOS Ser-1177 phosphorylation is most likely an important and potentially vasoprotective effect of exercise training. The underlying mechanisms involve cell membrane proteins such as integrins and products of vascular oxidative stress such as hydrogen peroxide. Exercise-induced eNOS expression is transient and reversible and regulated by factors such as angiogenesis, arteriogenesis and antioxidative effects including upregulation of superoxide dismutases (SOD1, SOD3) and downregulation of NAD(P)H oxidase, which likely blunts the effects of oxidative stress. Based on these observations, it appears reasonable to assume that exercise training can be viewed as an effective antioxidant and antiatherogenic therapy.

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Metadata

Authors
KOJDA, G., & HAMBRECHT, R.
Venue
Cardiovascular Research
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2005-08-01
Volume
67
Issue
2
Pages
187-197
ISSN
0008-6363 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.04.032
OpenAlex
W1963782920
Cited by
368
References
10
FWCI
13.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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