Cited by 400Nitric Oxide and Endothelin EffectsCardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionAngiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer

Life history of eNOS: partners and pathways

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DUDZINSKI, D, MICHEL, T·2007·Cardiovascular Research

Abstract

The complex regulation of eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) in cardiovascular physiology occurs at multiple stages. eNOS mRNA levels are controlled both at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional phases, and epigenetic mechanisms appear to modulate tissue-specific eNOS expression. The eNOS enzyme reversibly associates with a diverse family of protein partners that regulate eNOS sub-cellular localization, catalytic function, and biological activity. eNOS enzyme activity and sub-cellular localization are intimately controlled by post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, nitrosylation, and acylation. The multiple extra-cellular stimuli affecting eNOS function coordinate their efforts through these key modifications to dynamically control eNOS and NO bioactivity in the vessel wall. This review will focus on the biochemical partners and perturbations of the eNOS protein as this vital enzyme undergoes modulation by diverse signal transduction pathways in the vascular endothelium.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.cardiores.2007.03.023

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  • eNOS (NOS3) generates the lowest levels of NO.

    “eNOS (NOS3) generates the lowest levels of NO and was originally discovered in the vascular endothelium but is also found in neurons, epithelial cells, and cardiac myocytes (28).”
  • For inducible NOS to kill microbes, parasites, or cancer cells, high levels of NO are needed to destroy FeS centers and respiratory proteins in the target organism.

    “At the extreme of this spectrum, it is known that for inducible NOS to kill microbes, parasites, or cancer cells, high levels of NO are needed to destroy FeS centers and respiratory proteins in the target organism (28, 31, 32, 46).”
  • NOS3 is expressed at highest relative abundance in vascular endothelium, but is also found in neurons, epithelial cells, cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, and hepatocytes.

    “NOS3 (commonly called endothelial NOS or eNOS) is expressed to highest relative abundance in the vascular endothelium, but has also been found in neurons, epithelial cells, and cardiomyocytes [66] as well as adipocytes [67, 68] and hepatocytes [69-71].”

    From Regulation of obesity and insulin resistance by nitric oxide (2014) · cites this paper as [66]

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Dudzinski DM, Michel T. The vascular biology of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthases. In: Colman RW, George JN, Goldhaber SZ, Marder VJ, Clowes AW, editors. Hemostasis and thrombosis: basic principles and clinical practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005. p. 653-66.
  2. Montagnani M, Chen H, Barr VA, Quon MJ. Insulin-stimulated activation of eNOS in independent of Ca 2+ but requires phosphor- ylation by Akt at Ser 1179 . J Biol Chem 2001;276:30392-8.
  3. Toporsian M, Gros R, Kabir MG, Vera S, Govindaraju K, Eidelman DH, et al. A role for endoglin in coupling eNOS activity and regulating vascular tone revealed in hereditary hemorrhagic telangi- ectasia. Circ Res 2005;96:684-92.

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Authors
DUDZINSKI, D., & MICHEL, T.
Affiliations
  • Harvard University (US)
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
MICHEL, T
Venue
Cardiovascular Research
Published
2007-07-15
Volume
75
Issue
2
Pages
247-260
ISSN
0008-6363 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2129195977
Cited by
400
References
143
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 40 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 42
FWCI
3.19
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Cardiovascular Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL046457, P01HL048743)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM036259)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Angiogenesis and VEGF in Cancer
Keywords
endothelial nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, post-translational modification, phosphorylation, nitrosylation, acylation, subcellular localization, epigenetic regulation, transcriptional regulation, post-transcriptional regulation, signal transduction, vascular endothelium, cardiovascular physiology
MeSH terms
Acetylation, Animals, Endothelium, Vascular, Humans, Nitric Oxide, Phosphorylation, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Signal Transduction, Nitrosation, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III

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