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Is there a common chemical model for life in the universe?

Benner, Steven A, Ricardo, Alonso, Carrigan, Matthew A·2004·Current Opinion in Chemical Biology

DOI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2004.10.003

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Abstract

A review of organic chemistry suggests that life, a chemical system capable of Darwinian evolution, may exist in a wide range of environments. These include non-aqueous solvent systems at low temperatures, or even supercritical dihydrogen-helium mixtures. The only absolute requirements may be a thermodynamic disequilibrium and temperatures consistent with chemical bonding. A solvent system, availability of elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, certain thermodynamic features of metabolic pathways, and the opportunity for isolation, may also define habitable environments. If we constrain life to water, more specific criteria can be proposed, including soluble metabolites, genetic materials with repeating charges, and a well defined temperature range.

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Self-citation
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See all 363

Authors: Benner, S. A., Ricardo, A., & Carrigan, M. A.
Affiliations: University of Florida (US)
Corresponding author: Benner, Steven A
ORCID: Benner, Steven A
Carrigan, Matthew A
Venue: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2004-12
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Pages: 672-689
ISSN: 1367-5931 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2004.10.003
OpenAlex: W2012402446
Cited by: 363
References: 134
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 16
FWCI: 1.46
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Current Opinion in Chemical Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Space Science and Extraterrestrial Life
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Origins and Evolution of Life
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Planetary Science and Exploration
Keywords: origin of life, extraterrestrial life, habitability, non-aqueous solvents, thermodynamic non-equilibrium, chemical evolution, Darwinian evolution, metabolic pathways, water as solvent, genetic material, habitable environments
MeSH terms: Amino Acids, DNA, Extraterrestrial Environment, Models, Chemical

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