Overcoming Resistance to Dual Innate Immune and MEK Inhibition Downstream of KRAS
Open accessAbstract
Despite extensive efforts, oncogenic KRAS remains resistant to targeted therapy. Combined downstream RAL-TBK1 and MEK inhibition induces only transient lung tumor shrinkage in KRAS-driven genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). Using the sensitive KRAS;LKB1 (KL) mutant background, we identify YAP1 upregulation and a therapy-induced secretome as mediators of acquired resistance. This program is reversible, associated with H3K27 promoter acetylation, and suppressed by BET inhibition, resensitizing resistant KL cells to TBK1/MEK inhibition. Constitutive YAP1 signaling promotes intrinsic resistance in KRAS;TP53 (KP) mutant lung cancer. Intermittent treatment with the BET inhibitor JQ1 thus overcomes resistance to combined pathway inhibition in KL and KP GEMMs. Using potent and selective TBK1 and BET inhibitors we further develop an effective therapeutic strategy with potential translatability to the clinic.
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YAP/TAZ plays a crucial role in intrinsic and acquired resistance to inhibitors targeting the RTK/MAPK pathway.
“Particularly, YAP/TAZ plays a crucial role in the intrinsic and acquired resistance to inhibitors targeting RTK/MAPK pathway (24, 28–32).”
From YAP/TAZ mediates resistance to KRAS inhibitors through inhibiting proapoptosis and activating the SLC7A5/mTOR axis (2024) · cites this paper as [30]
The Results sections on acquired resistance in MSR-A549 cells and intrinsic resistance in KP cells show that YAP1 contributes to both forms of resistance to the treatments studied, including MEK inhibition. The acquired-resistance section also reports elevated nuclear TAZ, but the functional resistance experiments test YAP1, not TAZ. The claim therefore extends the findings to YAP/TAZ jointly and to RTK/MAPK-targeted inhibitors generally. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredYAP1 is one of the major drivers of bypassing oncogene addiction and promoting acquired resistance to targeted therapies in several cancer types.
“The YAP1 oncogene has been well established as one of the major drivers of bypassing oncogene addiction and promoting acquired resistance to targeted therapies in several cancer types, including pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, melanoma, and glioblastoma.9,10,38,39,40”
From Therapeutic targeting of syndecan-1 axis overcomes acquired resistance to KRAS-targeted therapy in gastrointestinal cancers (2025) · cites this paper as [38]
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that YAP1 activation bypasses KRAS addiction in lung and pancreatic cancer models and mediates resistance in a colorectal cancer cell line. The Results (page unavailable) also show YAP1-mediated acquired resistance to momelotinib and selumetinib in lung cancer cells. Our copy does not support the citing sentence’s additional examples of melanoma and glioblastoma. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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- Authors
- Kitajima, S., Asahina, H., Chen, T., Guo, S., Quiceno, L. G., Cavanaugh, J. D., Merlino, A. A., Tange, S., Terai, H., Kim, J. W., Wang, X., Zhou, S., Xu, M., Wang, S., Zhu, Z., Thai, T. C., Takahashi, C., Wang, Y., Neve, R., Stinson, S., Tamayo, P., Watanabe, H., Kirschmeier, P. T., Wong, K.-K., & Barbie, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (US)
- Hokkaido University (JP)
- NYU Langone Health (US)
- Tokushima University (JP)
- Broad Institute (US)
- Kanazawa University (JP)
- Gilead Sciences (United States) (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Tisch Cancer Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Barbie, David A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cancer Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 439-452.e6
- ISSN
- 1535-6108 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6422029
- OpenAlex
- W2891146170
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 2.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cancer Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Lung Cancer Research
- NIH (R01 CA190394-01, P01 CA154303, P01CA120964, 5R01CA163896-04, 5R01CA140594-07, 5R01CA122794-10, 5R01CA166480-04)
- Cancer-American Cancer Society Lung Cancer Dream Team Translational Research (SU2CAACR-DT1715)
- Entertainment Industry Foundation
- American Association for Cancer Research
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Melanoma and MAPK Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Keywords
- KRAS-driven lung cancer, acquired drug resistance, MEK inhibition, YAP, H3K27 acetylation, BET inhibition, JQ1, KRAS, LKB1, TP53, combination targeted therapy, genetically engineered mouse models
- MeSH terms
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological, YAP-Signaling Proteins, AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases, Animals, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Lung Neoplasms, Mice, Transgenic, Phosphoproteins, Transcription Factors, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras), Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases, Cell Line, Tumor, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Mice, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, HEK293 Cells
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