Just-in-time information presentation: Improving learning a troubleshooting skill

Kester, Liesbeth; Kirschner, Paul A.; van Merriënboer, Jeroen J.G.

doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2005.04.002

Cited by 86Visual and Cognitive Learning ProcessesInnovative Teaching and Learning MethodsIntelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning

Just-in-time information presentation: Improving learning a troubleshooting skill

Open access

Kester, Liesbeth, Kirschner, Paul A., van Merriënboer, Jeroen J.G.·2006·Contemporary Educational Psychology

DOI 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2005.04.002

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2005.04.002

Cites

22 of 22 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Kester et al. (2006a) found an effect of interventions on experienced mental effort during learning but no effect on mental effort for understanding.
“While their results showed an effect of interventions on experienced mental effort during learning, no effect was found on mental effort for understanding.”
From Cognitive load theory, educational research, and instructional design: some food for thought (2010) · cites this paper as Kester et al. 2006a
The timing of self-report questionnaires differs across studies, with most presenting the questionnaire only after learning and others repeating it during learning.
“The timing of the questionnaire also differs across studies. Most studies present the questionnaire only after learning has taken place (for example, Ayres 2006a; Hasler et al. 2007; Kalyuga et al. 1999; Pociask and Morrison 2008; Tindall-Ford et al. 1997), whereas other studies repeat the same questionnaire several times during (and sometimes also after) the learning process”
From Cognitive load theory, educational research, and instructional design: some food for thought (2010) · cites this paper as Kester et al. 2006a
A 9-point scale is used most frequently in self-report cognitive load questionnaires, but 7-point scales are also used quite often.
“Following Paas' original work, a scale with nine points is used most frequently (example studies are Kester et al. 2006a; Paas 1992; Paas et al. 2007; Paas and van Merrie ¨nboer 1993; van Gerven et al. 2002) but also a 7-point scale is used quite often”
From Cognitive load theory, educational research, and instructional design: some food for thought (2010) · cites this paper as Kester et al. 2006a

The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
Miller, G. A. (1956) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/h0043158 · Cited by 17,812 · see citing works
The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information.
Miller, G. A. (1994) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.101.2.343 · Cited by 17,469 · see citing works
Cognitive Load During Problem Solving: Effects on Learning
Sweller, J. (1988) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1016/0364-0213(88)90023-7 · Cited by 11,048 · see citing works
Cognitive Architecture and Instructional Design
Sweller, J., van Merrienboer, J. J. G., & Paas, F. G. W. C. (1998) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1022193728205 · Cited by 6,023 · see citing works
Working Memory
Baddeley, A. (1992) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1736359 · Cited by 5,258 · see citing works
Cognitive Load Measurement as a Means to Advance Cognitive Load Theory
Paas, F., Tuovinen, J. E., Tabbers, H., & Van Gerven, P. W. M. (2003) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1207/s15326985ep3801_8 · Cited by 2,527 · see citing works
Instructional Design Theories and Models
(1983) · doi:10.4324/9780203824283 · Cited by 2,192 · cited 2× · see citing works
“E-mail address: liesbeth.kester@ou.nl (L. Kester).”
Background
Training strategies for attaining transfer of problem-solving skill in statistics: A cognitive-load approach.
Paas, F. G. W. C. (1992) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.84.4.429 · Cited by 2,150 · see citing works
First principles of instruction
Merrill, M. D. (2002) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/bf02505024 · Cited by 2,092 · see citing works
Self-regulated learning : from teaching to self-reflective practice
Schunk, D. H., & Zimmerman, B. J. (1998) · Cited by 1,426 · see citing works
Instructional-design Theories and Models
Reigeluth, C. M. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410603784 · Cited by 1,075 · see citing works
The Efficiency of Instructional Conditions: An Approach to Combine Mental Effort and Performance Measures
Paas, F. G. W. C., & Van Merriënboer, J. J. G. (1993) · Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society · doi:10.1177/001872089303500412 · Cited by 921 · see citing works
ACT: A simple theory of complex cognition.
Anderson, J. R. (1996) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.51.4.355 · Cited by 834 · see citing works
Cognitive Flexibility Theory: Advanced Knowledge Acquisition in Ill-Structured Domains
Spiro, R. J., Coulson, R. L., Feltovich, P. J., & Anderson, D. K. (2013) · International Reading Association eBooks · doi:10.1598/0710.22 · Cited by 822 · see citing works
Measurement of Cognitive Load in Instructional Research
Paas, F. G. W. C., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Adam, J. J. (1994) · Perceptual and Motor Skills · doi:10.2466/pms.1994.79.1.419 · Cited by 731 · see citing works
The Pursuit of Excellence Through Education
Ferrari, M. (2001) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410604088 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Achieving Academic Excellence: A Self-Regulatory Perspective
Ferrari, M. (2001) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410604088-11 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Exploring Multidimensional Approaches to the Efficiency of Instructional Conditions
Tuovinen, J. E., & Paas, F. (2004) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1023/b:truc.0000021813.24669.62 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Just-in-time information presentation and the acquisition of complex cognitive skills
Kester, L., Kirschner, P. A., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Baumer, A. (2001) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0747-5632(01)00011-5 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citation
The management of cognitive load during complex cognitive skill acquisition by means of computer‐simulated problem solving
Kester, L., Kirschner, P. A., & van Merriënboer, J. J. G. (2005) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709904x19254 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citation
Roles for software technologies in advancing research and theory in educational psychology
Hadwin, A. F., Winne, P. H., & Nesbit, J. C. (2005) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1348/000709904x19263 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Three worlds of instructional design: State of the art and future directions
van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Kirschner, P. A. (2001) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1023/a:1011904127543 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citation

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 24 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Cognitive Load Theory and Complex Learning: Recent Developments and Future Directions
van Merriënboer, J. J. G., & Sweller, J. (2005) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-005-3951-0 · Cited by 2,206 · see citing works
Cognitive load theory, educational research, and instructional design: some food for thought
de Jong, T. (2010) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1007/s11251-009-9110-0 · Cited by 1,180 · see citing works
Using multimedia for e‐learning
Mayer, R. E. (2017) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.12197 · Cited by 747 · see citing works
Instructional Efficiency: Revisiting the Original Construct in Educational Research
van Gog, T., & Paas, F. (2008) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520701756248 · Cited by 473 · see citing works
Principles for Reducing Extraneous Processing in Multimedia Learning : Coherence, Signaling, Redundancy, Spatial Contiguity, and Temporal Contiguity Principles
Mayer, R. E. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511816819.013 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Principles for Managing Essential Processing in Multimedia Learning : Segmenting, Pretraining, and Modality Principles
Mayer, R. E. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511816819.012 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Effects of process-oriented worked examples on troubleshooting transfer performance
van Gog, T., PAAS, F. G. W. C., & van Merriënboer, J. J. G. (2006) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2006.02.003 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Principles for managing essential processing in multimedia learning: segmenting, pre-training, and modality principles
Mayer, R. E., & Pilegard, C. (2014) · The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139547369.016 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Multimedia Instruction
Mayer, R. E. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3185-5_31 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Optimizing Worked‐Example Instruction in Electrical Engineering: The Role of Fading and Feedback during Problem‐Solving Practice
Moreno, R., Martin Reisslein, B., & Özoğul, G. (2009) · Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1002/j.2168-9830.2009.tb01007.x · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Offering and discovering domain information in simulation-based inquiry learning
Lazonder, A. W., Hagemans, M. G., & de Jong, T. (2009) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2009.08.001 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
The influence of domain knowledge on strategy use during simulation-based inquiry learning
Lazonder, A. W., Wilhelm, P., & Hagemans, M. G. (2008) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2007.12.001 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Investigating the role of model-based reasoning while troubleshooting an electric circuit
Dounas-Frazer, D. R., Bogart, K., Stetzer, M. R., & Lewandowski, H. J. (2016) · Physical Review Physics Education Research · doi:10.1103/physrevphyseducres.12.010137 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Using segmentation to support the learning from animated soccer scenes: An effect of prior knowledge
Khacharem, A., Spanjers, I. A. E., Zoudji, B., Kalyuga, S., & Ripoll, H. (2012) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.10.006 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Incorporating effective e-learning principles to improve student engagement in middle-school mathematics
Mulqueeny, K., Kostyuk, V., Baker, R. S., & Ocumpaugh, J. L. (2015) · International Journal of STEM Education · doi:10.1186/s40594-015-0028-6 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Can Pair Learning Improve Students’ Troubleshooting Performance in Robotics Education?
Zhong, B., & Li, T. (2019) · Journal of Educational Computing Research · doi:10.1177/0735633119829191 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Explorations in Learning and the Brain
de Jong, T., van Gog, T., Jenks, K., Manlove, S., van Hell, J. G., Jolles, J., van Merriënboer, J. J. G., van Leeuwen, T. H., & Boschloo, A. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-89512-3 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Task-based learning and content and language integrated learning materials design: Process and product
Moore, P., & Lorenzo, F. (2015) · The Language Learning Journal · doi:10.1080/09571736.2015.1053282 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Online discussion compensates for suboptimal timing of supportive information presentation in a digitally supported learning environment
Noroozi, O., Busstra, M. C., Mulder, M., Biemans, H. J. A., Tobi, H., Geelen, A., Veer, P. V., & Chizari, M. (2011) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/s11423-011-9217-2 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Instructional strategies framework for military training systems
Vogel-Walcutt, J. J., Fiorella, L., & Malone, N. (2013) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.01.038 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
A Proposed Taxonomy of Teaching Models in STEM Education: Robotics as an Example
Zhong, B., Liu, X., Xia, L., & Sun, W. (2022) · Sage Open · doi:10.1177/21582440221099525 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Investigating the role of socially mediated metacognition during collaborative troubleshooting of electric circuits
Bogart, K. L. V. D., Dounas-Frazer, D. R., Lewandowski, H. J., & Stetzer, M. R. (2017) · Physical Review Physics Education Research · doi:10.1103/physrevphyseducres.13.020116 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
The goal specificity effect on strategy use and instructional efficiency during computer-based scientific discovery learning
Künsting, J., Wirth, J., & PAAS, F. G. W. C. (2010) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2010.10.009 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Altering Element Interactivity and Intrinsic Cognitive load
Sweller, J., Ayres, P., & Kalyuga, S. (2011) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8126-4_16 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Principles for Managing Essential Processing in Multimedia Learning
Mayer, R. E., & Fiorella, L. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108894333.025 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Two instructional aids to optimise processing and learning from instructional explanations
Roelle, J., Berthold, K., & Renkl, A. (2013) · Instructional Science · doi:10.1007/s11251-013-9277-2 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Applying social tagging to manage cognitive load in a Web 2.0 self-learning environment
Huang, Y., Huang, Y.-M., Liu, C., & Tsai, C. (2011) · Interactive Learning Environments · doi:10.1080/10494820.2011.555839 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Can the isolated-elements strategy be improved by targeting points of high cognitive load for additional practice?
Ayres, P. (2012) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2012.08.002 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Learning residential electrical wiring through computer simulation: The impact of computer‐based learning environments on student achievement and cognitive load
Liu, H., & Su, I. (2010) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2009.01047.x · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Instructional Control of Cognitive Load in the Design of Complex Learning Environments
Liesbeth Kester, A., PAAS, F. G. W. C., & van Merriënboer, J. J. G. (2010) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511844744.008 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Principles for Designing Effective and Efficient Training of Complex Cognitive Skills
PAAS, F. G. W. C., & van Gog, T. (2009) · Reviews of Human Factors and Ergonomics · doi:10.1518/155723409x448053 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Electronics lab instructors’ approaches to troubleshooting instruction
Dounas-Frazer, D. R., & Lewandowski, H. J. (2017) · Physical Review Physics Education Research · doi:10.1103/physrevphyseducres.13.010102 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Learning in a Technology Enhanced World
Specht, M. M. (2009) · DSpace (Open University in the Netherlands) · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Uncovering the problem-solving process to design effective worked examples.
van Gog, T. (2006) · DSpace (Open University in the Netherlands) · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Examination of Multimedia Learning Principles in Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality Learning Environments
Çeken, B., & Taşkın, N. (2024) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.13097 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Transitional feedback schedules during computer-based problem-solving practice
Johnson, A. M., Reisslein, J., & Martin Reisslein, B. (2014) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2014.10.020 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Zeitökonomische und reliable Diagnostik beruflicher Problemlösekompetenzen bei Auszubildenden zum Kfz-Mechatroniker
Abele, S., Walker, F., & Nickolaus, R. (2014) · Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie · doi:10.1024/1010-0652/a000138 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-instructional module based on cognitive load theory: a study on information retention among trainee teachers
Ong, C. P., & Tasir, Z. (2015) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/s11423-015-9383-8 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The Gaming Revolution in History Education: The Practice and Challenges of Integrating Game-Based Learning into Formal Education
Lai, C.-H., & Hu, P.-Y. (2025) · Information · doi:10.3390/info16060490 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Effects of a Dual-Approach Instruction on Students’ Science Achievement and Motivation
Kadir, M. S., Yeung, A. S., Ryan, R. M., Forbes, A., & Diallo, T. (2018) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-018-9449-3 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Cross-curricular project-based laboratory learning enables hands-on interdisciplinary education for chemical engineering students
de Reviere, A., Jacobs, B., Stals, I., & Clercq, J. D. (2024) · Education for Chemical Engineers · doi:10.1016/j.ece.2024.01.001 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Application to learning and teaching
Harris, K. R., Graham, S. W., & Urdan, T. (2012) · American Psychological Association eBooks · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Teaching research skills for experimental physics in an undergraduate electronics lab
Narayanan, S., Sarin, P., Pawar, N., & Murthy, S. (2023) · Physical Review Physics Education Research · doi:10.1103/physrevphyseducres.19.020103 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Investigations of Modellers and Model Viewers in an Out-of-School Gene Technology Laboratory
Mierdel, J., & Bogner, F. X. (2019) · Research in Science Education · doi:10.1007/s11165-019-09871-3 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Influence of Instructional Design to Manage Intrinsic Cognitive Load on Learning Effectiveness
Huang, Y. (2018) · Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education · doi:10.29333/ejmste/90264 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Effects of Persuasion and Discussion Goals On Writing, Cognitive Load, and Learning in Science
Klein, P. D., & Ehrhardt, J. S. (2015) · Alberta Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.55016/ojs/ajer.v61i1.56022 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Connections Between Learning Styles and Perceived Cognitive Load in Multimedia Learning: An Experimental Study
Çakıroğlu, Ü., Güler, M., Atabay, M., & Güler, M. (2019) · Journal of Educational Technology Systems · doi:10.1177/0047239519844509 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Studying the impact of three different instructional methods on preservice teachers’ decision-making
Çevik, Y. D., & André, T. (2012) · Research Papers in Education · doi:10.1080/02671522.2012.742923 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Effects of instructional aids on the acquisition of dynamic decision-making skills
Frederiksen, C., Kehoe, E. J., & Wood, R. E. (2011) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2011.01.002 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Effects of background context and signaling on comprehension recall and cognitive load: The perspective of cognitive load theory
Song, M. (2011) · Lincoln (University of Nebraska) · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Enhancing Understanding through the Use of Structured Representations
Lei, K. H., Lee, C., Chen, M.-J., Tso, T.-Y., & Chen, I.-P. (2018) · Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education · doi:10.29333/ejmste/85424 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Experiences in mixed reality-based collocated after action review
Quarles, J. P., Lampotang, S., Fischler, I., Fishwick, P. A., & Lok, B. C. L. (2013) · Virtual Reality · doi:10.1007/s10055-013-0229-6 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
A Study on the Difficulties of Learning Phase Transition in Object-Oriented Analysis and Design From the Viewpoint of Semantic Distance
Shin, S. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Education · doi:10.1109/te.2014.2334556 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
You have to judge on the spot: Just-in-time community art education
Sinner, A., Wicks, J., & Zantingh, P. (2016) · Journal of Curriculum and Pedagogy · doi:10.1080/15505170.2016.1234984 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
The Influence of Backchannel Communication on Cognitive Load
Maddrell, J., & Watson, G. S. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-1785-9_11 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Training troubleshooting skills with an anchored instruction module in an authentic computer based simulation environment
Hochholdinger, S., & Schaper, N. (2013) · Journal of Technical Education (JOTED) · doi:10.48513/joted.v1i1.11 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Fostering Learning with Visual Displays
Mayer, R. E. (2013) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-62396-235-720251006 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Helping low-achieving students to comprehend the area of basic geometric shapes using an enclosing-rectangle scaffold via computer-assisted instruction
Lee, C., Lei, K. H., Chen, M., Lee, C., & Chen, C.-C. (2023) · Cogent Education · doi:10.1080/2331186x.2023.2277576 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Timing of information presentation matters: Effects on secondary school students' cognition, motivation and emotion in game‐based learning
Hu, Y., Wouters, P., van der Schaaf, M. F., & Liesbeth Kester, A. (2024) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/bjet.13510 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Electronics lab instructors’ approaches to troubleshooting instruction
Dounas-Frazer, D. R., & Lewandowski, H. J. (2017) · Physical Review Physics Education Research · doi:10.1103/physrevphyseducres.113.010102 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ist weniger mehr? – Designprinzipien für Virtual Reality Training aus kognitionspsychologischer Sicht
Rau, V., Niemöller, D., & Berkemeier, L. (2019) · HMD Praxis der Wirtschaftsinformatik · doi:10.1365/s40702-019-00546-1 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Pandemic Pedagogy: A Zoom Teaching Experiment Using Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning Principles of Multimedia Design
Knoster, K. C. (2021) · doi:10.33915/etd.8322 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
K-12 Engineering Outreach: Design Decisions, Rationales, and Applications
Özoğul, G., Reisslein, J., & Martin Reisslein, B. (2016) · International Journal of Designs for Learning · doi:10.14434/ijdl.v7i2.20105 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Managing LearningThrough Mathematical Literacy Based on Cognitive Load
Asmara, S. B. W. A. S. (2021) · Türk bilgisayar ve matematik eğitimi dergisi · doi:10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.807 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The effects of timing of exposure to principles and procedural instruction specificity on learning an electrical troubleshooting skill.
Eiríksdóttir, E., & Catrambone, R. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied · doi:10.1037/xap0000065 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Erleichterung der Anwendbarkeit von Wissen aus einem Vortraining durch eine Prozeduralisierungshilfe
Ohst, A., Fondu, B. M. E., Nückles, M., & Renkl, A. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-08644-2_10 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Effects of the pause procedure on classroom engagement
Korvick, L. M. (2010) · ProQuest Demo Repository · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Will school-based online faculty development be an effective tool for their professional growth?
Philadelphia, M. (2013) · University of Southern California Digital Library · doi:10.25549/usctheses-c3-253752 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Evaluating project-based learning in real-world business challenges: the role of problem definition and mentoring in university–industry collaboration
Palacios-Fenech, J., Fontdecaba-Rigat, S., Olmedo, E., & Sanz-Vicente, M. (2026) · Higher Education Skills and Work-based Learning · doi:10.1108/heswbl-09-2025-0396 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Principles for Managing Essential Processing in Multimedia Learning
Mayer, R. E., & Fiorella, L. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108894333.024 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Het Leren van Lineaire Algebra: Effecten van Feedback op Motivatie en Efficiëntie van het Leren
Corbalan, G., Cuypers, H., & PAAS, F. G. W. C. (2009) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
THE EFFECTS OF METAPHORICAL GRAPHICS IN PHYSICS INSTRUCTION
Caldwell, S. F. (2012) · California State University ScholarWorks (system-wide DSpace) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
DEVELOPMENT STUDY ON SUPPORTING STRATEGIES FOR LEANERS’ TASK SELECTION IN SELF-DIRECTED E-LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
Lee, G. (2012) · Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The effect of the presentation formats of statistical e-instructional information on cognitive load and instructional efficiency
Yao, M.-H., Chen, M.-C., Sung, M.-M., & Hsieh, Y. (2011) · International Conference on Electrical and Control Engineering · doi:10.1109/iceceng.2011.6056791
EFFECTIVENESS OF INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN PRINCIPLES APPLIED TO LEARNING AND RETENTION IN MULTIMEDIA LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
Zare, H., Sarmadı, M. R., Fardanesh, H., Feizi, A., & Mahboobi, T. (2012)
Comparison of three instructional strategies in food and nutrition education: developing a diet plan for a diabetic case
Darabi, A., Pourafshar, S., Suryavanshi, R., & Arrington, T. L. (2016) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/09500693.2016.1183835
Linking the Educational Principles of Multiplayer Gaming and Play to Common Core Strategies.
Kooiman, B. J., Kim, H., Li, W., & Wesolek, M. L. (2013)
Exploring the place of troubleshooting in an undergraduate electronics engineering education programme at a university in South Africa.
Fatokun, J. O. (2018) · ResearchSpace (University of KwaZulu-Natal)
Chinese Language Learning and Mobile Technologies
Chen, Z. (2021) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-4876-9.ch001
References
Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118255971.refs
References
Clark, R. C., & Mayer, R. E. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119239086.refs
Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis on the 4C/ID Model
(2020) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-4096-1.ch010
Developing Deliberate Practice for Learning Engineering Dynamics by Analyzing Students’ Mental Models
Tang, Y., Bai, H., & Catrambone, R. (2024) · ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition · doi:10.18260/1-2--42084
One well-planned and executed exchange is better than two: Lessons learned from a reciprocal fisheries learning exchange between Madagascar and Mexico
Thompson, K. R., Rocliffe, S., López, A. C., Martin, T., Peckham, S. H., Portillo, C., Vincke, X., & Jenkins, L. D. (2025) · Marine Policy · doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106602
The Effects of Agent Type and Feedback Style on Self-Directed Learning: A Mixed-Methods Study
Han, X., Cao, J., Wang, Z., & Luo, H. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16071069 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
WIP: The Impact of Early versus Late STEM Exposure on Cognitive Load in First Year Undergraduate Engineers: A Scoping Review
Boyd, I., Brisbane, J. M., & Cross, K. (2026) · ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition · doi:10.18260/1-2--61178

Authors: Kester, L., Kirschner, P. A., & van Merriënboer, J. J. G.
Affiliations: Open University of the Netherlands (NL)
ORCID: Kirschner, Paul A.
Venue: Contemporary Educational Psychology
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-04
Volume: 31
Issue: 2
Pages: 167-185
ISSN: 0361-476X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2005.04.002
OpenAlex: W2165265457
Cited by: 86
References: 24
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 3.04
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
research.ou.nl
Licence: other-oa
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Contemporary Educational Psychology (publishedVersion)
DSpace (Open University in the Netherlands) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
DSpace (Open University in the Netherlands) (submittedVersion)
DSpace (Open University in the Netherlands) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
Keywords: skill acquisition, instructional design

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Just-in-time information presentation: Improving learning a troubleshooting skill

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks