Metabolic Inflexibility: When Mitochondrial Indecision Leads to Metabolic Gridlock
Open accessAbstract
Normal energy metabolism is characterized by periodic shifts in glucose and fat oxidation, as the mitochondrial machinery responsible for carbon combustion switches freely between alternative fuels according to physiological and nutritional circumstances. These transitions in fuel choice are orchestrated by an intricate network of metabolic and cell signaling events that enable exquisite crosstalk and cooperation between competing substrates to maintain energy and glucose homeostasis. By contrast, obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases are increasingly recognized as disorders of metabolic inflexibility, in which nutrient overload and heightened substrate competition result in mitochondrial indecision, impaired fuel switching, and energy dysregulation. This Perspective offers a speculative view on the molecular origins and pathophysiological consequences of metabolic inflexibility.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Using a healthy population allowed assessment of whether dietary fats with different fatty acid profiles affect liver and body fat concentrations independently of other confounding factors such as metabolic abnormalities and mitochondrial dysfunction.
“It allowed us to assess whether dietary fats with different fatty acid profiles affect liver and body fat concentrations independently of other confounding factors such as metabolic abnormalities and mitochondrial dysfunction, which are key metabolic defects that impair fatty acid catabolism (55, 56).”
From Eucaloric diets enriched in palm olein, cocoa butter, and soybean oil did not differentially affect liver fat concentration in healthy participants: a 16-week randomized controlled trial. (2021) · cites this paper as [55]
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredNormal mitochondrial function is essential to metabolic flexibility.
“As normal mitochondrial function is essential to metabolic flexibility [93]”
From Targeting Intramyocellular Lipids to Improve Aging Muscle Function (2025) · cites this paper as [93]
The reduction in metabolic flexibility from caloric excess and inactivity is caused by substrate competition and metabolic insensitivity, characterized by distorted nutrient sensing, blunted substrate switching, and impaired energy homeostasis.
“This is caused by substrate competition and metabolic insensitivity, characterized by distorted nutrient sensing, blunted substrate switching, and impaired energy homeostasis (4).”
From Metabolic Flexibility as an Adaptation to Energy Resources and Requirements in Health and Disease (2018) · cites this paper as [4]
The concept of metabolic flexibility is particularly linked to the capacity of mitochondria to select fuel in response to nutritional changes, placing mitochondrial function at its core.
“The concept of metabolic flexibility was particularly linked to the capacity of mitochondria to select fuel in response to nutritional changes (4) and placed mitochondrial function at its core (11).”
From Metabolic Flexibility as an Adaptation to Energy Resources and Requirements in Health and Disease (2018) · cites this paper as [4]
Deregulation of mitochondrial function underlies the onset of metabolic inflexibility.
“Many studies support the idea that deregulation of mitochondrial function underlies the onset of metabolic inflexibility [reviewed in Muoio (4)], although a causal link between the two still remains to be fully established (100, 101).”
From Metabolic Flexibility as an Adaptation to Energy Resources and Requirements in Health and Disease (2018) · cites this paper as [4]
Metabolic inflexibility imposes a major substrate burden on the oxidative machinery of muscle and continued oversupply of carbon fuel eventually surpasses the respiratory drive and cellular demand for ATP synthesis.
“This metabolic inflexibility imposes a major substrate burden on the oxidative machinery of muscle and the continued oversupply of carbon fuel eventually surpasses the respiratory drive and cellular demand for ATP synthesis [10].”
From Proinflammatory NFkB signalling promotes mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle in response to cellular fuel overloading (2019) · cites this paper as [10]
Sustained oversupply of metabolic fuel (glucose and fatty acids) to skeletal muscle, as seen during Type II diabetes and obesity, impairs the ability of mitochondria to shift between use of lipid during fasting and use of carbohydrate in the post-prandial state.
“Notably, the sustained oversupply of metabolic fuel (glucose and fatty acids) to skeletal muscle, as seen during Type II diabetes and obesity, impairs the ability of mitochondria to shift between use of lipid during fasting and use of carbohydrate in the post-prandial state.”
From Proinflammatory NFkB signalling promotes mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle in response to cellular fuel overloading (2019) · cites this paper as [10]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Koves, T. R., Ussher, J. R., Noland, R. C., Slentz, D., Mosedale, M., Ilkayeva, O., Bain, J., Stevens, R., Dyck, J. R. B., Newgard, C. B., et al. (2008) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.10.013 · Cited by 1,990 · see citing works
Self-citationSIRT3 regulates mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation by reversible enzyme deacetylation
Hirschey, M. D., Shimazu, T., Goetzman, E., Jing, E., Schwer, B., Lombard, D. B., Grueter, C. A., Harris, C., Biddinger, S., Ilkayeva, O. R., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08778 · Cited by 1,687 · see citing works
McGarry, J. D. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.1.7 · Cited by 1,435 · see citing works
The growing landscape of lysine acetylation links metabolism and cell signalling
Choudhary, C., Weinert, B. T., Nishida, Y., Verdin, E., & Mann, M. (2014) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm3841 · Cited by 1,324 · see citing works
Anderson, E. J., Lustig, M. E., Boyle, K. E., Woodlief, T. L., Kane, D. A., Lin, C.-T., Price, J. W., Kang, L., Rabinovitch, P. S., Szeto, H. H., et al. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci37048 · Cited by 1,253 · see citing works
Cantó, C., Houtkooper, R. H., Pirinen, E., Youn, D. Y., Oosterveer, M. H., Cen, Y., Fernandez-Marcos, P. J., Yamamoto, H., Andreux, P. A., Cettour-Rose, P., et al. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.04.022 · Cited by 1,238 · see citing works
Molecular and metabolic mechanisms of insulin resistance and β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes
Muoio, D. M., & Newgard, C. B. (2008) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm2327 · Cited by 1,177 · see citing works
Self-citationKelley, D. E., Goodpaster, B., Wing, R. R., & Simoneau, J.-A. (1999) · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1152/ajpendo.1999.277.6.e1130 · Cited by 1,096 · see citing works
Interplay between lipids and branched-chain amino acids in development of insulin resistance
Newgard, C. B. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.01.024 · Cited by 1,080 · see citing works
Copps, K. D., & White, M. F. (2012) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-012-2644-8 · Cited by 1,017 · see citing works
Circadian Clock NAD + Cycle Drives Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism in Mice
Peek, C. B., Affinati, A. H., Ramsey, K. M., Kuo, H.-Y., Yu, W., Sena, L. A., Ilkayeva, O., Marcheva, B., Kobayashi, Y., Omura, C., et al. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1243417 · Cited by 658 · see citing works
Feldman, J. L., Baeza, J., & Denu, J. M. (2013) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.c113.511261 · Cited by 637 · see citing works
Wagner, G. R., & Payne, R. M. (2013) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.486753 · Cited by 490 · see citing works
Jing, E., Emanuelli, B., Hirschey, M. D., Boucher, J., Lee, K. Y., Lombard, D., Verdin, E. M., & Kahn, C. R. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1111308108 · Cited by 469 · see citing works
Hu, T., Mills, K. T., Yao, L., Demanelis, K., Eloustaz, M., Yancy, W. S., Kelly, T. N., He, J., & Bazzano, L. A. (2012) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kws264 · Cited by 417 · see citing works
Thiol-based redox switches in eukaryotic proteins
Brandes, N., Schmitt, S., & Jakob, U. (2009) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2008.2285 · Cited by 373 · see citing works
Muoio, D. M., Noland, R. C., Kovalik, J.-P., Seiler, S. E., Davies, M. N., DeBalsi, K. L., Ilkayeva, O. R., Stevens, R. D., Kheterpal, I., Zhang, J., et al. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.04.005 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Self-citationLipid-Induced Mitochondrial Stress and Insulin Action in Muscle
Muoio, D. M., & Neufer, P. D. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.04.010 · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, T. F., Vachharajani, V., Yoza, B. K., & McCall, C. E. (2012) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m112.362343 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Noland, R. C., Koves, T. R., Seiler, S. E., Lum, H., Lust, R. M., Ilkayeva, O., Stevens, R. D., Hegardt, F. G., & Muoio, D. M. (2009) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m109.032888 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Self-citationRedox regulation of mitochondrial function with emphasis on cysteine oxidation reactions
Mailloux, R. J., Jin, X., & Willmore, W. G. (2013) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2013.12.011 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Contraction signaling to glucose transport in skeletal muscle
Jessen, N., & Goodyear, L. J. (2005) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00175.2005 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Sirt3 regulates metabolic flexibility of skeletal muscle through reversible enzymatic deacetylation
Jing, E., O’Neill, B. T., Rardin, M. J., Kleinridders, A., Ilkeyeva, O. R., Ussar, S., Bain, J. R., Lee, K. Y., Verdin, E. M., Newgard, C. B., et al. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-1650 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
SirT3 Regulates the Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response
Papa, L., & Germain, D. (2013) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.01337-13 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Sugden, M. C., & Holness, M. J. (2006) · Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1080/13813450600935263 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Newman, J. C., He, W., & Verdin, E. M. (2012) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.r112.404863 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Trepanowski, J. F., Canale, R. E., Marshall, K. E., Kabir, M. M., & Bloomer, R. J. (2011) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/1475-2891-10-107 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Francois, M. E., Baldi, J. C., Manning, P. J., Lucas, S. J. E., Hawley, J. A., Williams, M. J. A., & Cotter, J. D. (2014) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-014-3244-6 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Ukropcova, B., Sereda, O., de Jonge, L., Bogacka, I., Nguyen, T., Xie, H., Bray, G. A., & Smith, S. R. (2007) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db06-0521 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Altered Mitochondrial Function and Metabolic Inflexibility Associated with Loss of Caveolin-1
Asterholm, I. W., Mundy, D., Weng, J., Anderson, R. G. W., & Scherer, P. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.01.004 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
van Dijk, J., Venema, M., van Mechelen, W., Stehouwer, C. D. A., Hartgens, F., & van Loon, L. J. C. (2013) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc12-2620 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Carnitine acyltransferases and their influence on CoA pools in health and disease
RAMSAY, R. (2004) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2004.06.002 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
The physiological regulation of glucose flux into musclein vivo
Wasserman, D. H., Kang, L., Ayala, J. E., Fueger, P. T., & Lee, R. S. (2010) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.048041 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Mitochondrial response to nutrient availability and its role in metabolic disease
Gao, A. W., Cantó, C., & Houtkooper, R. H. (2014) · EMBO Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1002/emmm.201303782 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Shimomura, Y., Obayashi, M., Murakami, T., & Harris, R. A. (2001) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/00075197-200109000-00013 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Fisher‐Wellman, K. H., Gilliam, L. A. A., Lin, C., Cathey, B. L., Lark, D. S., & Neufer, P. D. (2013) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.09.008 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Chronic Inhibition of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase in Heart Triggers an Adaptive Metabolic Response
Chambers, K. T., Leone, T. C., Sambandam, N., Kovács, A. D., Wagg, C. S., Lopaschuk, G. D., Finck, B. N., & Kelly, D. P. (2011) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m110.217349 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Protein Carbonylation, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Insulin Resistance
Frohnert, B. I., & Bernlohr, D. (2013) · Advances in Nutrition · doi:10.3945/an.112.003319 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Compartmentalized Acyl-CoA Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle Regulates Systemic Glucose Homeostasis
Li, L. O., Grevengoed, T. J., Paul, D. S., Ilkayeva, O., Koves, T. R., Pascual, F. L., Newgard, C. B., Muoio, D. M., & Coleman, R. (2014) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db13-1070 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationKoves, T. R., Sparks, L. M., Kovalik, J., Mosedale, M., Arumugam, R., DeBalsi, K. L., Everingham, K., Thorne, L. B., Esther Phielix, E., Meex, R. C. R., et al. (2012) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.p028910 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationFuse, Y., Hirao, A., Kuroda, H., Otsuka, M., Tahara, Y., & Shibata, S. (2012) · Journal of Circadian Rhythms · doi:10.1186/1740-3391-10-4 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Ghanta, S., Grossmann, R. E., & Brenner, C. (2013) · Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.3109/10409238.2013.838204 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Long–echo time MR spectroscopy for skeletal muscle acetylcarnitine detection
Lindeboom, L., Nabuurs, C. I. H. C., Joris Hoeks, J., Brouwers, B., Esther Phielix, E., Kooi, M. E., Hesselink, M. K. C., Wildberger, J. E., Stevens, R. D., Koves, T. R., et al. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci74830 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationEffect of contrasted levels of habitual physical activity on metabolic flexibility
Bergouignan, A., Antoun, E., Momken, I., Schoeller, D. A., Gauquelin-Koch, G., Simon, C., & Blanc, S. (2013) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00458.2012 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Relation of adipose tissue to metabolic flexibility
Sparks, L. M., Ukropcová, B., Smith, J. M., Pasarica, M., Hymel, D., Xie, H., Bray, G. A., Miles, J. M., & Smith, S. R. (2008) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2008.09.052 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Vadvalkar, S. S., Baily, C. N., Matsuzaki, S., West, M. S., Tesiram, Y. A., & Humphries, K. M. (2012) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj20121038 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Effects of intermittent fasting on metabolism in men
de Azevedo, F. R., Ikeoka, D., & Caramelli, B. (2013) · Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira · doi:10.1016/j.ramb.2012.09.003 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Thyfault, J. P. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00924.2007 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Energetics and metabolism in the failing heart: important but poorly understood
Turer, A. T., Malloy, C. R., Newgard, C. B., & Podgoreanu, M. V. (2010) · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e32833a55a5 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Prior, S. J., Ryan, A. S., Stevenson, T. G., & Goldberg, A. P. (2013) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.20609 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Sarra, D. D., Tosi, F., Bonin, C., Fiers, T., Kaufman, J., Signori, C., Zambotti, F., Dall'Alda, M., Caruso, B., Zanolin, M. E., et al. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-1161 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Lack of “immunological fitness” during fasting in metabolically challenged animals
Asterholm, I. W., McDonald, J. L., Blanchard, P.-G., Sinha, M. K., Xiao, Q., Mistry, J., Rutkowski, J. M., Deshaies, Y., Brekken, R. A., & Scherer, P. E. (2012) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m021725 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Lee, S., Rivera-Vega, M., Alsayed, H. M. A. A., Boesch, C., & Libman, I. M. (2014) · Pediatric Diabetes · doi:10.1111/pedi.12141 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Jans, A., Sparks, L. M., van Hees, A. M. J., Gjelstad, I. M. F., Tierney, A. C., Risérus, U., Drevon, C. A., Roche, H. M., Schrauwen, P., & Blaak, E. E. (2011) · Obesity · doi:10.1038/oby.2011.149 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Randle (1998) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0895(199812)14:4
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Metabolic Flexibility in Health and Disease
Goodpaster, B. H., & Sparks, L. M. (2017) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2017.04.015 · Cited by 995 · see citing works
Metabolic Control of Longevity
López-Otín, C., Galluzzi, L., Freije, J. M. P., Madeo, F., & Kroemer, G. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.07.031 · Cited by 753 · see citing works
Metabolic Flexibility as an Adaptation to Energy Resources and Requirements in Health and Disease
Smith, R. L., Soeters, M. R., Wüst, R. C. I., & Houtkooper, R. H. (2018) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/er.2017-00211 · Cited by 787 · see citing works
“496 Smith et al Metabolic Flexibility in Health and Disease Endocrine Reviews, August 2018, 39(4):489–517 REVIEW”
InfluentialCharbonneau, M. R., O’Donnell, D., Blanton, L. V., Totten, S. M., Davis, J. C. C., Barratt, M. J., Cheng, J., Guruge, J., Talcott, M., Bain, J. R., et al. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.024 · Cited by 606 · see citing works
Schugar, R. C., Shih, D. M., Warrier, M., Helsley, R. N., Burrows, A., Ferguson, D., Brown, A. L., Gromovsky, A. D., Heine, M., Chatterjee, A., et al. (2017) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2017.05.077 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Childhood undernutrition, the gut microbiota, and microbiota-directed therapeutics
Blanton, L. V., Barratt, M. J., Charbonneau, M. R., Ahmed, T., & Gordon, J. I. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aad9359 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Harvie, M., & Howell, A. (2017) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs7010004 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Nisr, R. B., Shah, D. S., Ganley, I. G., & Hundal, H. S. (2019) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-019-03148-8 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
da Silva Rosa, S. C., Martens, M. D., Field, J. T., Nguyen, L., Kereliuk, S. M., Hai, Y., Chapman, D., Diehl-Jones, W., Aliani, M., West, A. R., et al. (2021) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2020.1821548 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Mitochondrial involvement in skeletal muscle insulin resistance: A case of imbalanced bioenergetics
Affourtit, C. (2016) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics · doi:10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.07.008 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Shoemaker, M. E., Pereira, S. L., Mustad, V. A., Gillen, Z. M., McKay, B. D., Lopez‐Pedrosa, J. M., Rueda, R., & Cramer, J. T. (2022) · Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle · doi:10.1002/jcsm.12932 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Nutrient sensing and utilization: getting to the heart of metabolic flexibility
Griffin, T. M., Humphries, K. M., Kinter, M., Lim, H.-Y., & Szweda, L. I. (2016) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2015.10.013 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Importance of Adipose Tissue NAD+ Biology in Regulating Metabolic Flexibility
Franczyk, M. P., Qi, N., Stromsdorfer, K. L., Li, C., Yamaguchi, S., Itoh, H., Yoshino, M., Sasaki, Y., Brookheart, R. T., Finck, B. N., et al. (2021) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqab006 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Stonehouse, W., Sergi, D., Benassi-Evans, B., James-Martin, G., Johnson, N., Thompson, C. H., & Abeywardena, M. (2021) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa347 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Targeting Intramyocellular Lipids to Improve Aging Muscle Function
Russ, D. W., Manickam, R., & Tipparaju, S. M. (2025) · Lipids in Health and Disease · doi:10.1186/s12944-025-02622-6 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“As normal mitochondrial function is essential to metabolic flexibility [93], the cause and effect sequence of IMCL accumulation and mitochondrial function remains equivocal and the two factors are likely linked in a “vicious cycle [94].”
Prehabilitation- Do We Need Metabolic Flexibility
Tetlow, N., & Whittle, J. (2025) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000545266 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Variance in respiratory quotient among daily activities and its association with obesity status
Júdice, P. B., Sardinha, L. B., & Silva, A. M. (2021) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-020-0591-x · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Muoio, D. M.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Muoio, Deborah M.
- ORCID
- Muoio, Deborah M.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-12
- Volume
- 159
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1253-1262
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4765362
- OpenAlex
- W2017109450
- Cited by
- 438
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 52 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 16
- FWCI
- 10.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL101189)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P01DK058398, R01DK089312)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Keywords
- metabolic inflexibility, glucose oxidation, fat oxidation, substrate competition, energy homeostasis, glucose homeostasis, obesity, cardiometabolic disease, mitochondrial metabolism, signal transduction
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diet, Energy Metabolism, Glucose, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Mitochondria, Models, Biological, Cell Respiration, Metabolic Syndrome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
