The DOI matches its Crossref record; 272 of the 272 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Toll-like Receptors and the Control of Immunity
Open accessAbstract
The study of innate immunity and its link to inflammation and host defense encompasses diverse areas of biology, ranging from genetics and biophysics to signal transduction and physiology. Central to our understanding of these events are the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), an evolutionarily ancient family of pattern recognition receptors. Herein, we describe the mechanisms and consequences of TLR-mediated signal transduction with a focus on themes identified in the TLR pathways that also explain the operation of other immune signaling pathways. These themes include the detection of conserved microbial structures to identify infectious agents and the use of supramolecular organizing centers (SMOCs) as signaling organelles that ensure digital cellular responses. Further themes include mechanisms of inducible gene expression, the coordination of gene regulation and metabolism, and the influence of these activities on adaptive immunity. Studies in these areas have informed the development of next-generation therapeutics, thus ensuring a bright future for research in this area.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“TLR9 activation induces the assembly of a supramolecular organizing center called the myddosome, involving MyD88 and multiple members of the serine threonine kinase family IRAK [82,83].”
From Risk mitigation of immunogenicity: a key to personalized retinal gene therapy (2021) · cites this paper as [83]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
Poltorak, A., He, X., Smirnova, I., Liu, M.-Y., Huffel, C. V., Du, X., Birdwell, D., Alejos, E., Silva, M., Galanos, C., et al. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.282.5396.2085 · Cited by 7,631
Cleavage of GSDMD by inflammatory caspases determines pyroptotic cell death
Shi, J., Zhao, Y., Wang, K., Shi, X., Wang, Y., Huang, H., Zhuang, Y., Cai, T., Wang, F., & Shao, F. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature15514 · Cited by 6,659
Origin and physiological roles of inflammation
Medzhitov, R. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature07201 · Cited by 6,618
A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA
Hemmi, H., Takeuchi, O., Kawai, T., Kaisho, T., Sato, S., Sanjo, H., Matsumoto, M., Hoshino, K., Wagner, H., Takeda, K., et al. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35047123 · Cited by 6,491
A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity
Medzhitov, R., Preston-Hurlburt, P., & Janeway, C. A. J. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/41131 · Cited by 6,137
Recognition of double-stranded RNA and activation of NF-κB by Toll-like receptor 3
Alexopoulou, L., Holt, A. C., Medzhitov, R., & Flavell, R. A. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35099560 · Cited by 6,129
Martinon, F., Burns, K., & Tschopp, J. (2002) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(02)00599-3 · Cited by 6,066
Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is a Cytosolic DNA Sensor That Activates the Type I Interferon Pathway
Sun, L., Wu, J., Du, F., Chen, X., & Chen, Z. J. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1232458 · Cited by 4,996
Mutations affecting segment number and polarity in Drosophila
Nüsslein‐Volhard, C., & Wieschaus, E. F. (1980) · Nature · doi:10.1038/287795a0 · Cited by 4,370
Lemaître, B., Nicolas, E., Michaut, L., Reichhart, J., & Hoffmann, J. A. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80172-5 · Cited by 4,224
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–500 of 1,000
Noncanonical autophagy is a new strategy to inhibit HSV-1 through STING1 activation
Zheng, Z., Zhao, M., Shan, H., Fang, D., Jin, Z., Tang, J., Liu, Z., Hong, L., Liu, P., & Li, M. (2023) · Autophagy · doi:10.1080/15548627.2023.2237794 · Cited by 30
Fang, Z.-E., Wang, Y., Qin, S., Qin, S., Zhao, H., Wen, J., Liu, T., Ren, L., Li, Q., Shi, W., et al. (2023) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155159 · Cited by 33
Sustained exposure to Helicobacter pylori induces immune tolerance by desensitizing TLR6
Zhang, X., He, Y., Zhang, X., Fu, B., Song, Z., Wang, L., Fu, R., Lu, X., Jin, X. Y., Lv, J., et al. (2024) · Gastric Cancer · doi:10.1007/s10120-023-01461-7 · Cited by 31
Yu, L., Gao, F., Li, Y., Su, D., Han, L., Li, Y., Zhang, X., & Feng, Z. (2024) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116724 · Cited by 39
Epithelial cell membrane perforation induces allergic airway inflammation
Shi, K., Lv, Y., Zhao, C., Zeng, H., Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Li, L., Chen, S., Gao, P., Shao, F., et al. (2025) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-025-09331-1 · Cited by 32
Nucleic Acid-Sensing Pathways During SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Expectations versus Reality
Mdkhana, B., Sharif‐Askari, N. S., Ramakrishnan, R. K., Goel, S., Hamid, Q. A., & Halwani, R. (2021) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s277716 · Cited by 31
CRISPR-based functional genomics in human dendritic cells
Jost, M., Jacobson, A. N., Hussmann, J. A., Cirolia, G., Fischbach, M. A., & Weissman, J. S. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.65856 · Cited by 31
Lv, Z., Hu, Y., Tan, J., Wang, X., Liu, X., & Zeng, C. (2021) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology10111218 · Cited by 31
Mammalian antiviral systems directed by small RNA
Takahashi, T., Heaton, S. M., & Parrish, N. F. (2021) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1010091 · Cited by 31
Notch1 signaling contributes to TLR4-triggered NF-κB activation in macrophages
Li, L., Jin, J., Liu, H., Ma, X.-F., Wang, D., Song, Y., Wang, C., Jiang, J., Yan, G., Qin, X., et al. (2022) · Pathology - Research and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.prp.2022.153894 · Cited by 32
Pim1 promotes IFN-β production by interacting with IRF3
Ko, R., Seo, J., Park, H., Lee, N., & Lee, S. Y. (2022) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/s12276-022-00893-y · Cited by 31
Mahish, C., De, S., Chatterjee, S., Ghosh, S., Keshry, S. S., Mukherjee, T., Khamaru, S., Tung, K. S., Subudhi, B. B., Chattopadhyay, S., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139808 · Cited by 30
Dongye, Z., Wu, X., Wen, Y., Ding, X., Wang, C., Zhao, T., Li, J., & Wu, Y. (2022) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109093 · Cited by 31
IL-1β, an important cytokine affecting Helicobacter pylori-mediated gastric carcinogenesis
Yuan, X., Zhang, Y., Zhao, X., Chen, A., & Liu, P. (2022) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105933 · Cited by 30
Nitric Oxide Signal Transduction and Its Role in Skin Sensitization
Kim, J. H., & Choi, M. S. (2023) · Biomolecules & Therapeutics · doi:10.4062/biomolther.2023.101 · Cited by 30
Zeng, Y., Zou, F., Xia, N., & Li, S. (2023) · Expert Review of Vaccines · doi:10.1080/14760584.2023.2238807 · Cited by 31
Mosquito-borne flaviviruses and type I interferon: catch me if you can!
Zoladek, J., & Nisole, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1257024 · Cited by 34
He, F., Wu, Z., Liu, C., Zhu, Y., Zhou, Y., Tian, E., Rosin‐Arbesfeld, R., Yang, D., Wang, M., & Zhu, D. (2024) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01838-9 · Cited by 31
Lactobacilli-Derived Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns (MAMPs) in Host Immune Modulation
Furnari, S., Ciantia, R., Garozzo, A., Furneri, P. M., & Fuochi, V. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15111609 · Cited by 37
CITED2 limits pathogenic inflammatory gene programs in myeloid cells
Ng, H. P., Kim, G., Chan, E. R., Dunwoodie, S. L., & Mahabeleshwar, G. H. (2020) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202000864r · Cited by 31
Garg, M., Johri, S., Sagar, S., Mundhada, A., Agrawal, A., Ray, P., & Chakraborty, K. (2021) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108736 · Cited by 28
Nasir, N. N., Sekar, M., Fuloria, S., Gan, S. H., Rani, N. N. I. M., Ravi, S., Begum, M. Y., Chidambaram, K., Sathasivam, K. V., Jeyabalan, S., et al. (2022) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules27030734 · Cited by 31
Zhang, Z., Li, H., Gan, H., Tang, Z., Guo, Y., Yao, S., Liuyu, T., Zhong, B., & Lin, D. (2022) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202105391 · Cited by 30
Dong, S., Kong, N., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Sun, D., Qin, W., Zhai, H., Zhai, X., Yang, X., Ye, C., et al. (2022) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00070-22 · Cited by 30
Innate immune recognition against SARS-CoV-2
Yamada, T., & Takaoka, A. (2023) · Inflammation and Regeneration · doi:10.1186/s41232-023-00259-5 · Cited by 33
A Self-Immolative DNA Nanogel Vaccine toward Cancer Immunotherapy
Hu, Y., Gao, S., Lu, H., Tan, S., Chen, F., Ke, Y., & Ying, J. Y. (2023) · Nano Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02449 · Cited by 30
Stereoselective coronas regulate the fate of chiral gold nanoparticles in vivo
Baimanov, D., Wang, L., Liu, K., Pan, M., Cai, R., Yuan, H., Huang, W., Yuan, Q., Zhou, Y., Chen, C., et al. (2023) · Nanoscale Horizons · doi:10.1039/d3nh00124e · Cited by 33
Abdelmaksoud, N. M., Sallam, A.-A. M., Abulsoud, A. I., El‐Dakroury, W. A., Mageed, S. S. A., AL‐Noshokaty, T. M., Elrebehy, M. A., Elshaer, S. S., Mahmoud, N. A., Fathi, D., et al. (2023) · Pathology - Research and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.prp.2023.155007 · Cited by 30
Zhao, D., Wu, L., Fang, X., Wang, L., Liu, Q., Jiang, P., Ji, Z., Zhang, N., Yin, M., & Han, H. (2024) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111060 · Cited by 30
Li, T., Li, Q., Liu, S., Cao, J., Mei, J., Gong, J., Chen, J., Wang, X., Zhang, R., Li, X., et al. (2024) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122843 · Cited by 29
The transcription factors GFI1 and GFI1B as modulators of the innate and acquired immune response
Fraszczak, J., & Möröy, T. (2021) · Advances in immunology · doi:10.1016/bs.ai.2021.03.003 · Cited by 28
Chen, Y., Lei, X., Jiang, Z., & Fitzgerald, K. A. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2100383118 · Cited by 28
Self-citationSecret messengers: Extracellular RNA communication in the immune system
Nation, G. K., Saffold, C. E., & Pua, H. H. (2021) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.13027 · Cited by 28
Singh, S., Garcia, G., Shah, R., Kramerov, A. A., Wright, R. E., Spektor, T. M., Ljubimov, A. V., Arumugaswami, V., & Kumar, A. (2021) · The Ocular Surface · doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2021.09.007 · Cited by 26
Chen, J., Sun, D., Cui, H., Rao, C., Li, L., Guo, S., Yang, S., Zhang, Y., & Cao, X. (2021) · Environmental Science Nano · doi:10.1039/d1en00651g · Cited by 29
Li, N., Yang, F., Su, J., Shi, S., Ordaz-Ortíz, J. J., Cheng, X., Xiong, S., Xu, Y., Wu, J., Wang, H., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.172 · Cited by 29
CD11b agonists offer a novel approach for treating lupus nephritis
Villanueva, V., Li, X., Jiménez, V., Faridi, H. M., & Gupta, V. (2022) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2022.03.001 · Cited by 29
Lü, L., Xiong, Y., Lin, Z., Chu, X., Panayi, A. C., Hu, Y., Zhou, J., Mi, B., & Liu, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.1009550 · Cited by 29
Zhang, K., Xu, P., Li, Y., Dong, S., Gao, H., Chen, L., Chen, H., & Chen, Z. (2022) · BMC Genomic Data · doi:10.1186/s12863-021-01019-5 · Cited by 28
Nuclear RPSA senses viral nucleic acids to promote the innate inflammatory response
Jiang, Y., Sun, S., Quan, Y., Wang, X., You, Y., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, B., Xu, H., et al. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-43784-0 · Cited by 30
Crucial Roles of RSAD2/viperin in Immunomodulation, Mitochondrial Metabolism and Autoimmune Diseases
Chen, S., Ye, J., Lin, Y., Chen, W., Huang, S., Yang, Q., Qian, H., Gao, S., & Hua, C. (2024) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-024-02076-5 · Cited by 28
Tissue geometry spatiotemporally drives bacterial infections.
Han, Y.-M., Liu, X., Qu, S., Duan, X.-C., Xiang, Y.-Q., Jiang, N., Yang, S.-Y., Fang, X., Xu, L., Wen, H., et al. (2025) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2025.03.042 · Cited by 33
Mohsenzadeh, A., Pourasgar, S., Mohammadi, A., Nazari, M., Nematollahi, S., Karimi, Y., Firoozbakhsh, P., Mohsenzadeh, H., Kamali, K., & Elahi, R. (2025) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2025.123981 · Cited by 33
New Decade, Old Debate: Blocking the Cytokine Pathways in Infection-Induced Cytokine Cascade
Rizvi, M. S., & de Moraes, A. G. (2021) · Critical Care Explorations · doi:10.1097/cce.0000000000000364 · Cited by 27
Coronavirus infection: An immunologists' perspective
Sanctis, J. B. D., García, A. H., Moreno, D., & Hajdúch, M. (2021) · Scandinavian Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1111/sji.13043 · Cited by 27
Harnessing Metabolic Reprogramming to Improve Cancer Immunotherapy
Liang, Y., Tan, Y., Chen, G., Fan, J., & Zhang, J. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms221910268 · Cited by 29
Novel Vaccine Adjuvants as Key Tools for Improving Pandemic Preparedness
Pogostin, B. H., & McHugh, K. J. (2021) · Bioengineering · doi:10.3390/bioengineering8110155 · Cited by 28
Li, S., Yao, J.-C., Oetjen, K. A., Krambs, J. R., Xia, J., Zhang, J., Schmidt, A. P., Helton, N., Fulton, R. S., Heath, S. E., et al. (2022) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.2022016084 · Cited by 29
Chen, Q., Cui, K., Zhao, Z., Xu, X., Liu, Y., Shen, Y., Chen, F., Mai, K., & Ai, Q. (2022) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202200256r · Cited by 28
A Review on Immunological Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Various COVID-19 Vaccine Regimens
Upreti, S., & Samant, M. (2022) · Pharmaceutical Research · doi:10.1007/s11095-022-03323-w · Cited by 29
Human repair‐related Schwann cells adopt functions of antigen‐presenting cells in vitro
Berner, J., Weiss, T., Sorger, H., Rifatbegovic, F., Kauer, M., Windhager, R. H., Dohnal, A. M., Ambros, P. F., Ambros, I. M., Boztuǧ, K., et al. (2022) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.24257 · Cited by 27
Lu, Z., Feng, L., Jiang, W., Wu, P., Liu, Y., Jiang, J., Kuang, S., Tang, L., Li, S., Zhong, C.-B., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010221 · Cited by 28
Rapid glycolytic activation accompanying innate immune responses: mechanisms and function
Namgaladze, D., & Brüne, B. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1180488 · Cited by 31
Resolution of inflammation: Intervention strategies and future applications
Panezai, J., & Dyke, T. E. V. (2022) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.taap.2022.116089 · Cited by 30
Modulation of adipose tissue metabolism by microbial-derived metabolites
Liu, W., Ge, Y., Liu, P., Jiang, X. M., & Xin, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.1031498 · Cited by 30
USP39 Regulates NF-κB–Mediated Inflammatory Responses through Deubiquitinating K48-Linked IκBα
Quan, J., Zhao, X., Xiao, Y., Wu, H., Di, Q., Wu, Z., Chen, X., Tang, H., Zhao, J., Guan, Y., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.2200603 · Cited by 27
Circadian Regulation of Macrophages and Osteoclasts in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Kikyo, N. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms241512307 · Cited by 27
Wu, Y., Qin, J., Gu, Y., Zhao, G., Xu, P., Lin, S., Cheng, X., Zhang, L. W., Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2024) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.3c05882 · Cited by 27
Brucella infection and Toll-like receptors
Yu, H. L., Gu, X., Wang, D., & Wang, Z. (2024) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1342684 · Cited by 27
Exploration of gut microbiome and inflammation: A review on key signalling pathways
Nigam, M., Devi, K., Coutinho, H. D. M., & Mishra, A. P. (2024) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111140 · Cited by 31
Zhao, Y., Chen, H., Liang, H., Zhao, T., Ren, B. X., Li, Y., Liang, H., Liu, Y., Cao, H., Cui, N., et al. (2024) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116296 · Cited by 27
Metwally, H., Elbrashy, M. M., Ozawa, T., Okuyama, K., White, J. T., Tulyeu, J., Søndergaard, J. N., Wing, J. B., Muratsu, A., Matsumoto, H., et al. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2402226121 · Cited by 27
Structural characterization of macro domain–containing Thoeris antiphage defense systems
Shi, Y. Y., Masic, V., Mosaiab, T., Rajaratman, P., Hartley‐Tassell, L. E., Sorbello, M., Goulart, C. C., Vasquez, E., Mishra, B. P., Holt, S., et al. (2024) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.adn3310 · Cited by 29
The role of TIR domain-containing proteins in bacterial defense against phages
Wang, S., Kuang, S., Song, H., Sun, E., Li, M., Liu, Y., Xia, Z., Zhang, X., Wang, X., Han, J., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-51738-3 · Cited by 27
A bacterial immunity protein directly senses two disparate phage proteins
Zhang, T., Čepauskas, A., Nadieina, A., Thureau, A., Wallant, K. C. ’., Martens, C., Lim, D., García-Pino, A., & Laub, M. T. (2024) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-024-08039-y · Cited by 29
Yang, Z., Ji, S., Liu, L., Liu, S., Wang, B., Ma, Y., & Cao, X. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54674-4 · Cited by 27
How the early life microbiome shapes immune programming in childhood asthma and allergies
Hoskinson, C., Petersen, C., & Turvey, S. E. (2024) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.12.005 · Cited by 28
Wu, H., Li, J., Yao, R., Liu, J., Su, L., & You, W. (2025) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.113727 · Cited by 30
Wang, X., Luo, Y., Zhou, Q., & Ma, J. (2025) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2025.103920 · Cited by 27
Lv, B., Liu, B., Zhou, Q.-L., Song, C.-Y., Sun, C.-X., Zhang, H.-M., Jiang, Z.-T., Jiang, S.-F., & Liu, M. (2021) · Aquaculture · doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736435 · Cited by 27
Yu, D., Li, B., Yu, M., Guo, S., Guo, Z., & Han, Y. N. (2022) · Bioactive Materials · doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.01.039 · Cited by 27
TNF-α sculpts a maturation process in vivo by pruning tolerogenic dendritic cells
Iberg, C. A., Bourque, J., Fallahee, I., Son, S., & Hawiger, D. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110657 · Cited by 27
Li, Y., Yu, Z., Li, A., & Ren, Z. (2022) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v28.i28.3555 · Cited by 28
Song, S., Regan, B., Ereifej, E. S., Chan, E. R., & Capadona, J. R. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11152348 · Cited by 28
Tadala, L., Langenbach, D., Dannborg, M., Cervantes-Rivera, R., Sharma, A., Vieth, K., Rieckmann, L. M., Wanders, A., Cisneros, D. A., & Puhar, A. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111173 · Cited by 28
Li, S., Li, F., Xu, L., Liu, X., Zhu, X., Gao, W., & Shen, X. (2022) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109168 · Cited by 27
Romerio, A., Gotri, N., Franco, A. R., Artusa, V., Shaik, M. M., Pasco, S. T., Atxabal, U., Matamoros‐Recio, A., Mínguez-Toral, M., Zalamea, J. D., et al. (2023) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01998 · Cited by 29
Shenfu injection: a review of pharmacological effects on cardiovascular diseases
Xu, F., Xie, X., Hu, H., Tong, R., & Peng, C. Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1279584 · Cited by 26
The pharmacoepigenetic paradigm in cancer treatment
Ocaña-Paredes, B., Rivera-Orellana, S., Ramírez-Sánchez, D., Montalvo-Guerrero, J., Freire, M. P., Espinoza-Ferrao, S., Altamirano-Colina, A., Echeverría-Espinoza, P., Ramos-Medina, M. J., Echeverría‐Garcés, G., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1381168 · Cited by 28
Mitochondrial rewiring with small-molecule drug-free nanoassemblies unleashes anticancer immunity
Ren, L., Wan, J., Li, X., Yao, J., Ma, Y., Meng, F., Zheng, S., Han, W., & Wang, H. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-51945-y · Cited by 28
Jiang, Y., Li, S., Jiang, L., Mu, G., & Jiang, S. (2024) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2024-25224 · Cited by 25
Innate Immune Activation with Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy
Jiang, X., & Lin, W. (2025) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.202423280 · Cited by 29
Regulation of pyroptosis by NF-κB signaling
Yang, L., Zhang, Y., Chai, Z., Zhou, Y., Li, Z., & Wei, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Cell Death · doi:10.3389/fceld.2024.1503799 · Cited by 28
Immuno-metabolic diseases and therapeutics: molecular mechanisms via inflammasome signaling
Han, J. (2025) · Cell Communication and Signaling · doi:10.1186/s12964-025-02368-9 · Cited by 29
Li, Y., & Zheng, C. (2020) · Critical Reviews in Microbiology · doi:10.1080/1040841x.2020.1835821 · Cited by 26
“NETs and EETs, a Whole Web of Mess”
Williams, T. L., Rada, B., Tandon, E., & Gestal, M. C. (2020) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms8121925 · Cited by 27
Identification of novel candidate genes in rosacea by bioinformatic methods
Sun, Y., Chen, L., Lu, Y., Chu, H.-T., Wu, Y., Gao, X., & Chen, H. (2021) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155444 · Cited by 26
Martins, M. R., Ramos, L. F. C., Murillo, J. R., Torres, A., de Carvalho, S. S., Domont, G. B., de Oliveira, D. M. P., Mesquita, R. D., Nogueira, F. C. S., Maciel‐de‐Freitas, R., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.642237 · Cited by 25
Physiological and Pathological Inflammation Induced by Antibodies and Pentraxins
Geyer, C. E., Mes, L., Newling, M., den Dunnen, J., & Hoepel, W. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10051175 · Cited by 30
Ruan, A., Wang, Q., Ma, Y., Zhang, D., Yang, L., Wang, Z., Xie, Q., & Yin, Y. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.642178 · Cited by 26
Regulatory Roles of Caspase-11 Non-Canonical Inflammasome in Inflammatory Liver Diseases
Yi, Y. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23094986 · Cited by 27
A Glimpse of Inflammation and Anti-Inflammation Therapy in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Liu, C., Yang, M., Li, L., Luo, S., Yang, J., Li, C., Liu, J., & Sun, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.909569 · Cited by 28
Silva, L., Luu, T. V., de Haan, B., Faas, M. M., & de Vos, P. (2022) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkac254 · Cited by 26
Managing Cancer Drug Resistance from the Perspective of Inflammation
Lu, S., Li, Y., Zhu, C., Wang, W., & Zhou, Y. (2022) · Journal of Oncology · doi:10.1155/2022/3426407 · Cited by 28
Novel sialoglycan linkage for constructing adjuvant-protein conjugate as potent vaccine for COVID-19
Wen, Y., Zhang, R., Wang, J., Zhou, S., Peng, X., Ding, D., Zhang, Z.-M., Wei, H., & Guo, J. (2023) · Journal of Controlled Release · doi:10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.062 · Cited by 26
Decoding mitochondria's role in immunity and cancer therapy
Zhang, Y., YAN, H. H., Wei, Y., & Wei, X. (2024) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189107 · Cited by 30
Luo, Y., Jia, X., Wu, X., Diao, L., Zhao, Y., Liu, X., Peng, Y., Zhong, W., Xing, M. M. Q., & Lyu, G. (2024) · Journal of Nanobiotechnology · doi:10.1186/s12951-024-03056-5 · Cited by 26
Small RNA and Toll-like receptor interactions: origins and disease mechanisms
Yu, J., Zhang, X., Cai, C., Zhou, T., & Chen, Q. (2025) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2025.01.004 · Cited by 27
Kroon, S., Malcic, D., Weidert, L., Bircher, L., Boldt, L., Christen, P., Kiefer, P., Sintsova, A., Nguyen, B. D., Barthel, M., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-57979-0 · Cited by 26
cGAS, an innate dsDNA sensor with multifaceted functions
Liu, Y., & Xu, P. (2025) · Cell Insight · doi:10.1016/j.cellin.2025.100249 · Cited by 26
Metadata
- Authors
- Fitzgerald, K. A., & Kagan, J. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fitzgerald, Katherine A.
- Kagan, Jonathan C.
- Venue
- Cell
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-03
- Volume
- 180
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1044-1066
- ISSN
- 0092-8674 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9358771
- OpenAlex
- W3012283572
- Cited by
- 2,168
- References
- 272
- Citations by year
- 2026: 299 · 2025: 392 · 2024: 428 · 2023: 386 · 2022: 343 · 2021: 244 · 2020: 73
- FWCI
- 25.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 383 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Cell (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Keywords
- Toll-like receptors, innate immunity, pattern recognition receptors, inducible gene expression, adaptive immunity, inflammation, host defense, therapeutics
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Organelles, Signal Transduction, Toll-Like Receptors, Adaptive Immunity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review