Cited by 341Liver Disease Diagnosis and TreatmentAlcohol Consumption and Health EffectsDiet, Metabolism, and Disease

Nonobese fatty liver disease

Kim, Donghee, Kim, W. Ray·2017·Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a group of conditions characterized by hepatic steatosis in the absence of significant alcohol consumption. NAFLD is seen commonly in patients with metabolic abnormalities associated with obesity, such as type II diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. Evidently, however, not all obese subjects develop NAFLD and, more importantly, NAFLD can be found in nonobese individuals. Although NAFLD occurring in nonobese subjects has been reported in children and adults of all ethnicities, it appears to be recognized more frequently in Asians, even when strict ethnicity-specific body mass index criteria are used to define obesity. Studies based on liver biopsies suggest that the prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis does not differ significantly between nonobese NAFLD and NAFLD in obese patients. Visceral obesity as opposed to general obesity, high fructose and cholesterol intake, and genetic risk factors (eg, palatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3) may be associated with nonobese NAFLD. In general, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with increased mortality, primarily from cardiovascular causes, independent of other metabolic factors. Although data regarding the mortality impact of nonobese NAFLD are not as mature, it may be important to identify high-risk nonobese NAFLD patients and manage their metabolic profile. Currently, lifestyle modification to reduce visceral adiposity, including dietary changes and physical activity, remains the standard of care in patients with nonobese NAFLD.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.cgh.2016.08.028

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Authors
Kim, D., & Kim, W. R.
Affiliations
Stanford Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
Kim, W. Ray
Venue
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2017-04
Volume
15
Issue
4
Pages
474-485
ISSN
1542-3565 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2521475965
Cited by
341
References
132
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 1
FWCI
4.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Keywords
non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatic steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, liver fibrosis, visceral obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, fructose consumption, cholesterol intake, cardiovascular mortality, lifestyle modification, dietary intervention, physical activity
MeSH terms
Ethnicity, Feeding Behavior, Humans, Life Style, Exercise, Prevalence, Survival Analysis, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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