Association between noninvasive fibrosis markers and mortality among adults with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the United States
Open accessAbstract
UNLABELLED: The clinical and public health significance of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is not well established. We investigated the long-term effect of NAFLD on mortality. This analysis utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 1988-1994 and subsequent follow-up data for mortality through December 31, 2006. NAFLD was defined by ultrasonographic detection of hepatic steatosis in the absence of other known liver diseases. The presence and severity of hepatic fibrosis in subjects with NAFLD was determined by the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), and FIB-4 score. Of 11,154 participants, 34.0% had NAFLD--the majority (71.7%) had NFS consistent with lack of significant fibrosis (NFS <-1.455), whereas 3.2% had a score indicative of advanced fibrosis (NFS >0.676). After a median follow-up of 14.5 years, NAFLD was not associated with higher mortality (age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93-1.19). In contrast, there was a progressive increase in mortality with advancing fibrosis scores. Compared to subjects without fibrosis, those with a high probability of advanced fibrosis had a 69% increase in mortality (for NFS: HR, 1.69, 95% CI: 1.09-2.63; for APRI: HR, 1.85, 95% CI: 1.02-3.37; for FIB-4: HR, 1.66, 95% CI: 0.98-2.82) after adjustment for other known predictors of mortality. These increases in mortality were almost entirely from cardiovascular causes (for NFS: HR, 3.46, 95% CI: 1.91-6.25; for APRI: HR, 2.53, 95% CI: 1.33-4.83; for FIB-4: HR, 2.68, 95% CI: 1.44-4.99). CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography-diagnosed NAFLD is not associated with increased mortality. However, advanced fibrosis, as determined by noninvasive fibrosis marker panels, is a significant predictor of mortality, mainly from cardiovascular causes, independent of other known factors.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
NFS predicted cardiovascular mortality in the NHANES cohort.
“NFS predicted cardiovascular mortality in the NHANES cohort. 180”
From EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). (2024) · cites this paper as [180]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Design and validation of a histological scoring system for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease†
Kleiner, D. E., Brunt, E. M., Van Natta, M., Behling, C., Contos, M. J., Cummings, O. W., Ferrell, L. D., Liu, Y., Torbenson, M. S., Unalp‐Arida, A., et al. (2005) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.20701 · Cited by 10,791 · see citing works
Sterling, R. K., Lissen, E., Clumeck, N., Sola, R., Correa, M. C., Montaner, J., S. Sulkowski, M., Torriani, F. J., Dieterich, D. T., Thomas, D. L., et al. (2006) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.21178 · Cited by 5,021 · see citing works
Wai, C.-T., Greenson, J. K., Fontana, R. J., Kalbfleisch, J. D., Marrero, J. A., Conjeevaram, H. S., & Lok, A. S.-F. (2003) · Hepatology · doi:10.1053/jhep.2003.50346 · Cited by 4,406 · see citing works
Chalasani, N., Younossi, Z. M., Lavine, J. E., Diehl, A. M., Brunt, E. M., Cusi, K. J., Charlton, M., & Sanyal, A. J. (2012) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.25762 · Cited by 3,805 · see citing works
Prevalence of Hepatic Steatosis in An Urban Population in the United States: Impact of Ethnicity
Browning, J. D., Szczepaniak, L. S., Dobbins, R., Nuremberg, P., Horton, J. D., Cohen, J. C., Grundy, S. M., & Hobbs, H. H. (2004) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.20466 · Cited by 3,664 · see citing works
Angulo, P., Hui, J. M., Marchesini, G., Bugianesi, E., George, J., Farrell, G. C., Enders, F., Saksena, S., Burt, A. D., Bida, J. P., et al. (2007) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.21496 · Cited by 3,198 · see citing works
Self-citationVernon, G. C., Baranova, A. V., & Younossi, Z. M. (2011) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04724.x · Cited by 3,067 · see citing works
The Natural History of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Adams, L. A., Lymp, J. F., St. Sauver, J., Sanderson, S. O., Lindor, K. D., Feldstein, A., & Angulo, P. (2005) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.04.014 · Cited by 2,890 · see citing works
Long-term follow-up of patients with NAFLD and elevated liver enzymes
Ekstedt, M., Franzén, L. E., Mathiesen, U. L., Thorelius, L., Holmqvist, M., Bodemar, G., & Kechagias, S. (2006) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.21327 · Cited by 2,302 · see citing works
Vallet‐Pichard, A., Mallet, V. O., Nalpas, B., Verkarre, V., Nalpas, A., Dhalluin-Venier, V., Fontaine, H., & Pol, S. (2007) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.21669 · Cited by 2,085 · see citing works
Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Targher, G., Day, C. P., & Bonora, E. (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra0912063 · Cited by 1,907 · see citing works
Hernaez, R., Lazo, M., Bonekamp, S., Kamel, I., Brancati, F. L., Guallar, E., & Clark, J. M. (2011) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.24452 · Cited by 1,585 · see citing works
Comparison of Noninvasive Markers of Fibrosis in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Shah, A. G., Lydecker, A. D., Murray, K. F., Tetri, B., Contos, M. J., & Sanyal, A. J. (2009) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2009.05.033 · Cited by 1,561 · see citing works
Musso, G., Gambino, R., Cassader, M., & Pagano, G. (2010) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853890.2010.518623 · Cited by 1,285 · see citing works
McPherson, S., Stewart, S. F., Henderson, E., Burt, A. D., & Day, C. P. (2010) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2010.216077 · Cited by 946 · see citing works
The natural history of nonalcoholic fatty liver: A follow-up study
Teli, M. R., James, O., Burt, A. D., Bennett, M. K., & Day, C. P. (1995) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.1840220616 · Cited by 913 · see citing works
Adams, L. A., Sanderson, S. O., Lindor, K. D., & Angulo, P. (2004) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2004.09.012 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
Prevalence and ethnic differences in gallbladder disease in the United States
Everhart, J. E., Khare, M., Hill, M. C., & Maurer, K. R. (1999) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70456-7 · Cited by 845 · see citing works
Decreased Survival of Subjects With Elevated Liver Function Tests During A 28-Year Follow-Up
Söderberg, C., Stal, P. I., Askling, J., Glaumann, H., Lindberg, G., Marmur, J., & Hultcrantz, R. W. (2009) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.23314 · Cited by 748 · see citing works
Service, P. H. (1994) · PubMed · Cited by 740 · see citing works
Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver
Rafiq, N., Bai, C., Fang, Y. H., Srishord, M. K., McCullough, A. J., Gramlich, T., & Younossi, Z. M. (2008) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2008.11.005 · Cited by 729 · see citing works
Increased overall mortality and liver-related mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Ong, J. P., Pitts, A., & Younossi, Z. M. (2008) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2008.06.018 · Cited by 636 · see citing works
Long term prognosis of fatty liver: risk of chronic liver disease and death
Dam‐Larsen, S., Franzmann, M., Andersen, I. B., Christoffersen, P., Jensen, L. B., Sørensen, T. I. A., Becker, U., & Bendtsen, F. (2004) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gut.2003.019984 · Cited by 505 · see citing works
Epidemiology and Natural History of NAFLD and NASH
Ong, J. P., & Younossi, Z. M. (2007) · Clinics in Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/j.cld.2007.02.009 · Cited by 456 · see citing works
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and mortality among US adults: prospective cohort study
Lazo, M., Hernáez, R., Bonekamp, S., Kamel, I. R., Brancati, F. L., Güallar, E., & Clark, J. M. (2011) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.d6891 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
GI Epidemiology: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Angulo, P. (2007) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03246.x · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Ruhl, C. E., & Everhart, J. E. (2008) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.10.052 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Suspected Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Mortality Risk in a Population-Based Cohort Study
Dunn, W., Xu, R., Wingard, D. L., Rogers, C., Angulo, P., Younossi, Z. M., & Schwimmer, J. B. (2008) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.02034.x · Cited by 323 · see citing works
The Global Impact of Hepatic Fibrosis and End-Stage Liver Disease
Lim, Y., & Kim, W. R. (2008) · Clinics in Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/j.cld.2008.07.007 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Dowman, J. K., Tomlinson, J., & Newsome, P. N. (2010) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04556.x · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with coronary artery calcification
Kim, D., Choi, S., Park, E. H., Lee, W., Kang, J. H., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. J., Yoon, J., Jeong, S., Lee, D. H., et al. (2012) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.25593 · Cited by 312 · see citing works
Self-citationComparison of blood tests for liver fibrosis specific or not to NAFLD
Calès, P., Lainé, F., Boursier, J., Deugnier, Y., Moal, V., Oberti, F., Hunault, G., Rousselet, M. C., Hubert, I., Laafi, J., et al. (2008) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2008.07.035 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Angulo, P. (2010) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.23521 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Gallstone Disease Is Associated With Increased Mortality in the United States
Ruhl, C. E., & Everhart, J. E. (2010) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2010.10.060 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Choi, S.-Y., Kim, D., Kim, H. J., Kang, J. H., Chung, S. J., Park, M. J., Kim, Y. S., Kim, C. H., Choi, S. H., Kim, W. K., et al. (2009) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.238 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citationOng, J. P., Pitts, A., & Younossi, Z. M. (2008) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(08)60008-2 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Klein, S. (2003) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2003.11.060 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- [1]Klein S The national obesity crisis: a call for action Gastroenterology 2004 126 6 14699480
- [13]Vallet-Pichard A Mallet V Nalpas B Verkarre V Nalpas A Dhalluin-Venier V Fontaine H FIB-4: an inexpensive and accurate marker of fibrosis in HCV infection. comparison with liver biopsy and fibrotest Hepatology 2007 46 32 36 17567829
- [21]Plan and operation of the NHANES III, 1988–94 National Center for Health Statistics Vital health stat 1994 1 407 7975354
Cited by
Sorted by citations
EASL–EASD–EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
(2016) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2015.11.004 · Cited by 4,836 · see citing works
Byrne, C. D., & Targher, G. (2015) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2014.12.012 · Cited by 3,082 · see citing works
Ekstedt, M., Hagström, H., Nasr, P., Fredrikson, M., Stål, P., Kechagias, S., & Hultcrantz, R. (2015) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.27368 · Cited by 2,287 · see citing works
The prevalence and incidence of NAFLD worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Riazi, K., Azhari, H., Charette, J. H., Underwood, F. E., King, J. A., Afshar, E. E., Swain, M. G., Congly, S. E., Kaplan, G. G., & Shaheen, A.-A. (2022) · The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00165-0 · Cited by 2,246 · see citing works
Global burden of liver disease: 2023 update
Devarbhavi, H., Asrani, S. K., Arab, J. P., Nartey, Y. A., Pose, E., & Kamath, P. S. (2023) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2023.03.017 · Cited by 2,267 · see citing works
Tacke, F., Horn, P., Wai-Sun Wong, V., Ratziu, V., Bugianesi, E., Francque, S., Zelber-Sagi, S., Valenti, L., Roden, M., Schick, F., et al. (2024) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2024.04.031 · Cited by 2,210 · see citing works
Berzigotti, A., Tsochatzis, E., Boursier, J., Castera, L., Cazzagon, N., Friedrich-Rust, M., Petta, S., & Thiele, M. (2021) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2021.05.025 · Cited by 1,925 · see citing works
(2015) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2015.04.006 · Cited by 1,875 · see citing works
Noninvasive assessment of liver disease in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Castera, L., Friedrich-Rust, M., & Loomba, R. (2019) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.12.036 · Cited by 1,494 · see citing works
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis
Targher, G., Byrne, C. D., Lonardo, A., Zoppini, G., & Barbui, C. (2016) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.05.013 · Cited by 1,429 · see citing works
Adams, L. A., Anstee, Q. M., Tilg, H., & Targher, G. (2017) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2017-313884 · Cited by 1,210 · see citing works
Lonardo, A., Nascimbeni, F., Ballestri, S., Fairweather, D., Win, S., Than, T. A., Abdelmalek, M. F., & Suzuki, A. (2019) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.30626 · Cited by 1,057 · see citing works
Li, J., Zou, B., Yeo, Y. H., Feng, Y., Xie, X., Lee, D. H., Fujii, H., Wu, Y., Kam, L. Y., Ji, F., et al. (2019) · The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(19)30039-1 · Cited by 1,036 · see citing works
Anderson, E. L., Howe, L. D., Jones, H. E., Higgins, J. P. T., Lawlor, D. A., & Fraser, A. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140908 · Cited by 902 · see citing works
Hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis and NASH: Cause or consequence?
Lonardo, A., Nascimbeni, F., Mantovani, A., & Targher, G. (2017) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.09.021 · Cited by 737 · see citing works
Clinical epidemiology and disease burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Perumpail, B. J., Khan, M. A., Yoo, E. R., Cholankeril, G. T., Kim, D., & Ahmed, A. (2017) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i47.8263 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Self-citation2019 Global NAFLD Prevalence: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Le, M. H., Yeo, Y. H., Li, X., Li, J., Zou, B., Wu, Y., Ye, Q., Huang, D. Q., Zhao, C., Zhang, J., et al. (2022) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2021.12.002 · Cited by 711 · see citing works
Role of Dietary Fructose and Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis in Fatty Liver Disease
Softic, S., Cohen, D. E., & Kahn, C. R. (2016) · Digestive Diseases and Sciences · doi:10.1007/s10620-016-4054-0 · Cited by 709 · see citing works
Sumida, Y. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i2.475 · Cited by 693 · see citing works
Mortality in biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: results from a nationwide cohort
Simon, T. G., Roelstraete, B., Khalili, H., Hagström, H., & Ludvigsson, J. F. (2021) · Gut · doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322786 · Cited by 673 · see citing works
EASL–EASD–EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), & European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) (2016) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-016-3902-y · Cited by 685 · see citing works
Mantovani, A., Csermely, A., Petracca, G., Beatrice, G., Corey, K. E., Simon, T. G., Byrne, C. D., & Targher, G. (2021) · The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(21)00308-3 · Cited by 674 · see citing works
NAFLD and cardiovascular diseases: a clinical review
Kasper, P., Martin, A., Lang, S., Kütting, F., Goeser, T., Demir, M., & Steffen, H. (2020) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-020-01709-7 · Cited by 670 · see citing works
The Natural Course of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Bertot, L. C., & Adams, L. A. (2016) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms17050774 · Cited by 620 · see citing works
Vilar‐Gómez, E., & Chalasani, N. (2017) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.11.013 · Cited by 608 · see citing works
The epidemiology of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Bellentani, S. (2017) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.13299 · Cited by 607 · see citing works
Extrahepatic complications of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Armstrong, M. J., Adams, L. A., Canbay, A. E., & Syn, W. (2013) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.26717 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
Williams, R. L., Aspinall, R., Bellis, M. A., Camps-Walsh, G., Cramp, M., Dhawan, A. K., Ferguson, J., Forton, D. M., Foster, G. R., Gilmore, S. I., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61838-9 · Cited by 601 · see citing works
Complications, morbidity and mortality of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Mantovani, A., Scorletti, E., Mosca, A., Alisi, A., Byrne, C. D., & Targher, G. (2020) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154170 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL), E. A. F. T. S. O. D. (. (2016) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000443344 · Cited by 522 · see citing works
Wong, V. W., Chan, W., Chitturi, S., Chawla, Y. K., Dan, Y. Y., Duseja, A. K., Fan, J., Goh, K., Hamaguchi, M., Hashimoto, E., et al. (2017) · Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1111/jgh.13857 · Cited by 506 · see citing works
(2024) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000539371 · Cited by 510 · see citing works
Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and significant fibrosis
Koo, B. K., Kim, D., Joo, S. K., Kim, J. H., Chang, M. S., Kim, B. G., Lee, K. L., & Kim, W. (2017) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.08.019 · Cited by 440 · see citing works
Self-citationNonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Heart
Stahl, E. P., Dhindsa, D. S., Lee, S. K., Sandesara, P. B., Chalasani, N., & Sperling, L. S. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.11.050 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Younossi, Z. M., Loomba, R. S., Anstee, Q. M., Rinella, M. E., Bugianesi, E., Marchesini, G., Neuschwander‐Tetri, B. A., Serfaty, L., Negro, F., Caldwell, S. H., et al. (2017) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29721 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Kim, D., Konyn, P., Sandhu, K. K., Dennis, B. B., Cheung, A. C., & Ahmed, A. (2021) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2021.07.035 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Self-citationKwok, R., Tse, Y. ‐., Wong, G. L. ‐., Ha, Y., Lee, A. U., Ngu, M. C., Chan, H. L. ‐., & Wong, V. W. ‐. (2014) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.12569 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Younossi, Z. M., Marchesini, G., Cortez‐Pinto, H., & Petta, S. (2018) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000002484 · Cited by 405 · see citing works
Boursier, J., Vergniol, J., Guillet, A., Hiriart, J.-B., Lannes, A., Le Bail, B., Michalak, S., Chermak, F., Bertrais, S., Foucher, J., et al. (2016) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.04.023 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Management of NAFLD: a stage-based approach
Rinella, M. E., & Sanyal, A. J. (2016) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2016.3 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Gender and menopause impact severity of fibrosis among patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Yang, J. D., Abdelmalek, M. F., Pang, H., Guy, C. D., Smith, A. D., Diehl, A. M., & Suzuki, A. (2014) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.26761 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Allen, A. M., Therneau, T. M., Larson, J. J., Coward, A., Somers, V. K., & Kamath, P. S. (2017) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29546 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Self-citationLomonaco, R., Godinez Leiva, E., Bril, F., Shrestha, S., Mansour, L., Budd, J., Portillo Romero, J., Schmidt, S., Chang, K.-L., Samraj, G., et al. (2021) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-1997 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Sanyal, A. J., Friedman, S. L., McCullough, A. J., & Dimick‐Santos, L. (2014) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.27678 · Cited by 355 · see citing works
Lee, Y., Jung, K. S., Kim, S. U., Yoon, H.-J., Yun, Y., Lee, B., Kang, E. S., Han, K., Lee, H. C., & Soo, B. (2015) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2015.02.051 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Kim, D., & Kim, W. R. (2017) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2016.08.028 · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Self-citationFrom NAFLD in clinical practice to answers from guidelines
Nascimbeni, F., Pais, R., Bellentani, S., Day, C. P., Ratziu, V., Loria, P., & Lonardo, A. (2013) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2013.05.044 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cancer incidence rate
Kim, G., Lee, H. C., Choe, J., Kim, M.-J., Lee, M. J., Chang, H.-S., Bae, I. Y., Kim, H., An, J., Shim, J. H., et al. (2017) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.09.012 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Self-citationKanwal, F., Kramer, J. R., Li, L., Dai, J., Natarajan, Y., Yu, X., Asch, S. M., & El‐Serag, H. B. (2020) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.31014 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Moylan, C. A., Pang, H., Dellinger, A. E., Suzuki, A., Garrett, M. E., Guy, C. D., Murphy, S. K., Ashley‐Koch, A. E., Choi, S. S., Michelotti, G. A., et al. (2013) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.26661 · Cited by 316 · see citing works
Allen, A. M., Hicks, S. B., Mara, K. C., Larson, J. J., & Therneau, T. M. (2019) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2019.08.018 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Self-citationNatural history and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Hagström, H., Shang, Y., Hegmar, H., & Nasr, P. (2024) · The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(24)00193-6 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Ginès, P., Castéra, L., Lammert, F., Graupera, I., Serra‐Burriel, M., Allen, A. M., Wong, V. W., Hartmann, P., Thiele, M. S., Caballería, L., et al. (2021) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.32163 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Harrison, S. A., Gawrieh, S., Roberts, K., Lisanti, C. J., Schwope, R. B., Cebe, K. M., Paradis, V., Bedossa, P., Aldridge Whitehead, J. M., Labourdette, A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2021.02.034 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Le, M. H., Devaki, P., Ha, N. B., Jun, D. W., Te, H. S., Cheung, R. C., & Nguyen, M. H. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0173499 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Noninvasive evaluation of NAFLD
Castéra, L., Vilgrain, V., & Angulo, P. (2013) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2013.175 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
KASL clinical practice guidelines: Management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Kang, S. H., Lee, H. W., Yoo, J., Cho, Y., Kim, S. U., Lee, T. H., Jang, B. K., Ahn, S. B., Ahn, S. B., Kim, H., et al. (2021) · Clinical and Molecular Hepatology · doi:10.3350/cmh.2021.0178 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Self-citationBallestri, S. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i7.1724 · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Liver fibrosis scores predict liver disease mortality in the United States population
Ünalp–Arida, A., & Ruhl, C. E. (2017) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.29113 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Hepatocyte Notch activation induces liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Zhu, C., Kim, K., Wang, X., Bartolome, A., Salomao, M., Dongiovanni, P., Meroni, M., Graham, M. J., Yates, K. P., Diehl, A. M., et al. (2018) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aat0344 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Athyros, V. G., Alexandrides, T. K., Bilianou, H. I., Cholongitas, Ε., Doumas, M. N., Ganotakis, E. S., Goudevenos, J. A., Elisaf, M., Germanidis, G. S., Γιουλεμέ, Ό., et al. (2017) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2017.02.014 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Baratta, F., Pastori, D., Angelico, F., Balla, A., Paganini, A. M., Cocomello, N., Ferro, D., Violi, F., Sanyal, A. J., & Ben, M. D. (2019) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2019.12.026 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Engin, A. (2017) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_19 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Kabbany, M. N., Selvakumar, P. K. C., Watt, K. D. S., López, R., Akras, Z., Zein, N. N., Carey, W., & Alkhouri, N. (2017) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2017.5 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Metabolic Syndrome
Kim, D., Touros, A., & Kim, W. R. (2017) · Clinics in Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/j.cld.2017.08.010 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Self-citationSun, W., Cui, H., Li, N., Wei, Y., Lai, S., Yang, Y., Yin, X., & Chen, D. (2016) · Hepatology Research · doi:10.1111/hepr.12647 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Pipitone, R. M., Ciccioli, C., Infantino, G., Mantia, C. L., Parisi, S., Tulone, A., Pennisi, G., Grimaudo, S., & Petta, S. (2023) · Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1177/20420188221145549 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of cardiovascular disease
Lonardo, A., Sookoian, S. C., Pirola, C. J., & Targher, G. (2015) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2015.09.017 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Kim, D., Li, A. A., Gadiparthi, C., Khan, M. A., Cholankeril, G., Glenn, J. S., & Ahmed, A. (2018) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.07.008 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Self-citationGutiérrez‐Cuevas, J., Santos, A., & Armendáriz‐Borunda, J. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222111629 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Younossi, Z. M., Tampi, R. P., Priyadarshini, M., Nader, F., Younossi, I. M., & Racila, A. (2018) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.30254 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: What the clinician needs to know
Machado, M. V. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i36.12956 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
LeFort, K. R., Rungratanawanich, W., & Song, B.-J. (2024) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-023-05061-7 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
NAFLD and Chronic Kidney Disease
Marcuccilli, M. E., & Chonchol, M. (2016) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms17040562 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Harris, R., Harman, D. J., Card, T. R., Aithal, G. P., & Guha, I. N. (2017) · The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(16)30205-9 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Evolving paradigms
Lonardo, A., Nascimbeni, F., Maurantonio, M., Marrazzo, A., Rinaldi, L., & Adinolfi, L. E. (2017) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v23.i36.6571 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and vascular disease: State-of-the-art
Fargion, S. R. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13306 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease - A multisystem disease?
Mikolašević, I., Milić, S., Wensveen, T. T., Grgić, I., Jakopčić, I., Štimac, D., Wensveen, F. M., & Orlić, L. (2016) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i43.9488 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Kim, D., Kim, W., Joo, S. K., Bae, J. M., Kim, J. H., & Ahmed, A. (2018) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2017.08.014 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Self-citationDumas, M., Kinross, J. K., & Nicholson, J. K. (2013) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.11.001 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Newsome, P., Francque, S., Harrison, S., Ratziu, V., Van Gaal, L., Calanna, S., Hansen, M., Linder, M., & Sanyal, A. (2019) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.15316 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Lipoprotein Metabolism, Dyslipidemia, and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Fisher, E. A. A., & Cohen, D. E. (2013) · Seminars in Liver Disease · doi:10.1055/s-0033-1358519 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Liu, Y., Zhong, G.-C., Tan, H.-Y., Hao, F.-B., & Hu, J.-J. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-47687-3 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Body Fat Distribution and Risk of Incident and Regressed Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Kim, D., Chung, G. E., Kwak, M., Seo, H. B., Kang, J. H., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. J., Yoon, J., Lee, H.-S., & Kim, C. Y. (2015) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2015.07.024 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citationKim, D., Vazquez‐Montesino, L. M., Li, A. A., Cholankeril, G., & Ahmed, A. (2020) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.31158 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Self-citationNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Growing Burden, Adverse Outcomes and Associations
Kumar, R. K., Priyadarshi, R. N., & Anand, U. (2019) · Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology · doi:10.14218/jcth.2019.00051 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Henson, J. B., Simon, T. G., Kaplan, A. J., Osganian, S. A., Masia, R., & Corey, K. E. (2020) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.15660 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Stal, P. I. (2015) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i39.11077 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Healthcare and socioeconomic costs of NAFLD: A global framework to navigate the uncertainties
Allen, A. M., Lazarus, J. V., & Younossi, Z. M. (2023) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2023.01.026 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Current and Future Burden of Chronic Nonmalignant Liver Disease
Udompap, P., Kim, D., & Kim, W. R. (2015) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2015.08.015 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Self-citationNoninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis in NAFLD
Sanyal, A. J., Castera, L., & Wong, V. W.-S. (2023) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2023.03.042 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Liu, C.-F., & Chien, L.-W. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15081892 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Barb, D., Repetto, E., Stokes, M. E., Shankar, S. S., & Cusi, K. J. (2021) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23263 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Smits, M. M., Tonneijck, L., Muskiet, M. H. A., Kramer, M. H. H., Pouwels, P. J. W., Pieters-van den Bos, I. C., Hoekstra, T., Diamant, M., van Raalte, D. H., & Cahen, D. L. (2016) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-016-4100-7 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
NAFLD and Extra-Hepatic Comorbidities: Current Evidence on a Multi-Organ Metabolic Syndrome
Rosato, V., Masarone, M., Dallio, M., Federico, A., Aglitti, A., & Persico, M. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16183415 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Petta, S., Vanni, E., Bugianesi, E., Marco, V. D., Cammà, C., Cabibi, D., Mezzabotta, L., & Craxı̀, A. (2014) · Liver International · doi:10.1111/liv.12584 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Winn, N. C., Liu, Y., Rector, R. S., Parks, E. J., Ibdah, J. A., & Kanaley, J. A. (2017) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2017.08.012 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Drescher, H. K., Weiskirchen, S., & Weiskirchen, R. (2019) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells8080845 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Xia, M., Bian, H., & Gao, X. (2019) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00877 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Hagström, H., Nasr, P., Ekstedt, M., Stål, P., Hultcrantz, R., & Kechagias, S. (2019) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2018.11.030 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kim, D., Kim, R. W., Kim, H. J., & Therneau, T. M.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Asan Medical Center (KR)
- Venue
- Hepatology
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1357-1365
- ISSN
- 0270-9139 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3622816
- OpenAlex
- W1987934823
- Cited by
- 772
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 74 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 80 · 2020: 92 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 43 · 2015: 46 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 18
- FWCI
- 23.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disease (DK-34238)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Diseases and Immunity
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, mortality, NAFLD fibrosis score, APRI, FIB-4, cardiovascular mortality, hepatic steatosis, non-invasive fibrosis markers, long-term follow-up, NHANES cohort, liver transplantation, liver cancer
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aspartate Aminotransferases, Blood Platelets, Fatty Liver, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Liver, Liver Cirrhosis, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Ultrasonography, United States, Prevalence, Survival Rate, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
