Cited by 87Membrane Separation TechnologiesExtraction and Separation ProcessesMembrane-based Ion Separation Techniques

Lithium recovery from salt-lake brine: Impact of competing cations, pretreatment and preconcentration

Pramanik, Biplob Kumar, Asif, Muhammad Bilal, Roychand, Rajeev, Shu, Li, Jegatheesan, Veeriah, Bhuiyan, Muhammed, Hai, Faisal Ibney·2020·Chemosphere

Abstract

The global demand of lithium is rising steadily, and many industrially advanced countries may find it hard to secure an uninterrupted supply of lithium for meeting their manufacturing demands. Thus, innovative processes for lithium recovery from a wide range of natural reserves should be explored for meeting the future demands. In this study, a novel integrated approach was investigated by combining nanofiltration (NF), membrane distillation (MD) and precipitation processes for lithium recovery from salt-lake brines. Initially, the brine was filtered with an NF membrane for the separation of lithium ions (Li+) from competing ions such as Na+, K+, Ca 2+ and Mg 2+. The extent of permeation of metal ions by the NF membrane was governed by their hydrated ionic radii. Rejection by NF membrane was 42% for Li, 48% for Na and 61% for K, while both the divalent cations were effectively rejected (above 90%). Importantly, in the NF-permeate, Mg 2+/Li+ mass ratio reduced to less than 6 (suggested for lithium recovery). The result showed that MD can enrich lithium with a concentration of 2.5 for raw brine and 5 for NF-treated brine. Following the enrichment of NF-permeate by the MD membrane, a two-stage precipitation method was used for the recovery of lithium. X-ray diffraction confirmed the precipitation of lithium as well as the formation of lithium carbonate crystals.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127623

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Authors
Pramanik, B. K., Asif, M. B., Roychand, R., Shu, L., Jegatheesan, V., Bhuiyan, M., & Hai, F. I.
Affiliations
  • RMIT University (AU)
  • University of Wollongong (AU)
Corresponding author
Pramanik, Biplob Kumar
Venue
Chemosphere
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2020-12
Volume
260
Pages
127623
ISSN
0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3041307222
Cited by
87
References
68
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 1
FWCI
2.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Online (University of Wollongong) (submittedVersion)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion)
Funders
University of Wollongong
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Membrane Separation Technologies
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Extraction and Separation Processes
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Membrane-based Ion Separation Techniques
Keywords
lithium recovery, salt lake brine, nanofiltration, membrane distillation, lithium carbonate precipitation, competing cations, ionic radius, lithium enrichment, pretreatment, preconcentration
MeSH terms
Cations, Divalent, Ions, Lithium, Salts, Sodium, Sodium Chloride, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Distillation, Lakes

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