Developing a typology of mentoring programmes for young people attending secondary school in the United Kingdom using qualitative methods
Open accessAbstract
Mentoring programmes are commonplace and delivered in a range of different ways in the United Kingdom and North America. To better understand the type of programmes available and to inform future evaluations, we developed a typology of formal mentoring programmes for young people in secondary schools in the United Kingdom. Telephone interviews with 23 programme managers from purposively sampled mentoring organisations were conducted and analysed using thematic and framework analysis. The typology was consulted on with five experts in mentoring. The final typology differentiates mentoring programmes by three overarching categories: type of mentor (older student, school staff, adult volunteer, paid adult), programme setting (school, community, online) and programme aim. The findings suggest that although mentoring programmes are heterogeneous, it is possible to group programmes into 'personal and developmental' and 'academic and employability' mentoring programmes and to differentiate between 12 overall mentoring models. The typology helps understand what is being delivered and how, which is a necessary precursor to any evaluation of health, educational, relational and social outcomes.
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Three key active ingredients have been recognized in mentoring relationships: emotional, recreational, and promoting-catalyzing.
“Three key active ingredients have been recognized: emotional, recreational, and promoting-catalyzing [82,83,84].”
From Unpacking Community-Based Youth Mentoring Relationships: An Integrative Review (2021) · cites this paper as [84]
The Introduction (page unavailable) describes an emotional bond and guidance for growth as elements of mentoring. The Results, under Typology development (page unavailable), describe recreational activities in some programmes. The paper does not identify emotional, recreational, and promoting-catalyzing as three key active ingredients of mentoring relationships. (LLM, conf=0.77)
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- Pryce J.M. Keller T.E. Typology of school-based mentoring relationships: a multi-dimensional analysis Paper presented at the eleventh annual conference of the society for social work and research, San Francisco, US 2007
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Unpacking Community-Based Youth Mentoring Relationships: An Integrative Review
Goldner, L., & Ben-Eliyahu, A. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18115666 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Raithelhuber, E. (2021) · European Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1080/13691457.2019.1606787 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
- Authors
- Busse, H., Campbell, R., & Kipping, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Busse, Heide
- Venue
- Children and Youth Services Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-05
- Volume
- 88
- Pages
- 401-415
- ISSN
- 0190-7409 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5946908
- OpenAlex
- W2792112500
- Cited by
- 13
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 2.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Children and Youth Services Review (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Explore Bristol Research (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- The Centre for the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions for Public Health Improvement
- UKCRC Public Health Research Centre of Excellence
- British Heart Foundation (MR/KO232331/1)
- Cancer Research UK
- Economic and Social Research Council
- Medical Research Council
- Welsh Government
- Wellcome Trust
- UK Clinical Research Collaboration
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mentoring and Academic Development
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Youth Development and Social Support
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Career Development and Diversity
- Keywords
- mentoring programs, high school students, youth mentoring, mentoring model, program evaluation
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