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Probiotic supplementation for respiratory and gastrointestinal illness symptoms in healthy physically active individuals
Open accessAbstract
Background & aims To examine the effect of supplementation with probiotics on respiratory and gastrointestinal illness in healthy active men and women.Methods A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Four hundred and sixty five participants (241 males; age 35 ± 12 y (mean ± SD) and 224 females; age 36 ± 12 y) were assigned to one of three groups: Group 1 - Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bl-04 (Bl-04) 2.0 × 10(9)colony forming units per day, CFU per day, Group 2 - Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bi-07 (NCFM & Bi-07) 5 × 10(9) CFU each per day) or Group 3 - placebo mixed in a drink.Results The risk of an upper respiratory illness episode was significantly lower in the Bl-04 group (hazard ratio 0.73; 95% confidence interval 0.55-0.95; P = 0.022) compared to placebo. There was no significant difference in illness risk between the NCFM & Bi-07 group (hazard ratio 0.81; 0.62-1.08; P = 0.15) and the placebo group. There was a 0.7 and 0.9 month delay in the median time to an illness episode in the Bl-04 and NCFM & Bi-07 groups respectively compared to placebo (placebo 2.5 months; Bl-04 3.2 months; NCFM & Bi-07 3.4 months). There were insufficient GI illness episodes for analysis. The NCFM & Bi-07 group but not the Bl-04 group undertook significantly more physical activity (8.5%; 6.7%-10%; P < 0.003) than the placebo group.Conclusion The probiotic Bl-04 appears to be a useful nutritional supplement in reducing the risk of URTI in healthy physically-active adults.Trial registration Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: Number ACTRN12611000130965.
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“In an athletic population, specific probiotic strains can reduce the number of episodes, severity and duration of upper respiratory tract infections.”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics (2019) · cites this paper as [68]
In the citing paper
“Supplementation with the double-strain probiotic resulted in a 19% decrease of URTI risk, although this was not statistically significant.”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics (2019) · cites this paper as [68]
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“Daily B. animalis ssp. lactis Bl-04 supplementation for 150 days was associated with a 27% reduction in the risk of any URTI episode compared to placebo supplementation.”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics (2019) · cites this paper as [68]
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“Similar to the type of probiotic used, the duration of supplementation has also been variable in the studies reviewed (Table 3). The shortest duration lasted 7 days [75, 76] and the longest lasted 150 days [68].”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Probiotics (2019) · cites this paper as [68]
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Metadata
- Authors
- West, N. P., Horn, P. L., Pyne, D. B., Gebski, V. J., Lahtinen, S. J., Fricker, P. A., & Cripps, A. W.
- Affiliations
- Griffith University (AU)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- DuPont (Finland) (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Cripps, Allan W.
- Venue
- Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2014-08
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 581-587
- ISSN
- 0261-5614 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2051611990
- Cited by
- 159
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 7
- FWCI
- 13.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ResearchOnline at James Cook University (James Cook University) (submittedVersion)
- University of Canberra Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Griffith University
- Australian Institute of Sport
- Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Infant Nutrition and Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, upper respiratory tract infection, gastrointestinal diseases, physical activity, healthy adults, probiotic supplementation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Bifidobacterium, Double-Blind Method, Female, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Male, Middle Aged, Motor Activity, New Zealand, Body Mass Index, Dietary Supplements, Probiotics, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers
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