From the immune contexture to the Immunoscore: the role of prognostic and predictive immune markers in cancer
Open accessAbstract
The inherent complexity of multifactorial diseases such as cancer renders the process of patient prognosis and prediction of response to therapy extremely difficult. Many markers, signatures, and methods have been described to evaluate the prognosis of cancer patients, yet very few translate into the clinic. Systems biology approaches have facilitated analysis of the complex interaction between tumors and the host-immune response, and allowed the definition of the immune contexture. Here we review the potential of the immune contexture, quantified by the Immunoscore, to provide a statistically strong parameter for prognosis. Finally we introduce the concept that the host-immune reaction could be the critical element in determining response to therapy. The effect on the immune response could be the underlying factor behind many of the predictive markers.
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High levels of lymphocyte infiltration have been related to longer disease-free survival or improved overall survival in multiple cancer types including early stage triple-negative and HER2-positive breast cancer.
“High levels of lymphocyte infiltration have been related to longer disease-free survival or improved overall survival (OS) in multiple cancer types [178] including early stage triple-negative and HER2-positive breast cancer [179].”
From AI in Medical Imaging Informatics: Current Challenges and Future Directions (2020) · cites this paper as [178]
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- Authors
- Angell, H., & Galon, J.
- Affiliations
- Inserm (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Galon, Jérôme
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 261-267
- ISSN
- 0952-7915 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2076910098
- Cited by
- 574
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 51 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 36 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 34 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 10
- FWCI
- 3.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- zenodo.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Qatar National Research Fund
- European Commission (202230)
- LabEx Immuno-oncology
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Inflammatory Biomarkers in Disease Prognosis
- Keywords
- immune contexture, immune score, prognostic factors, predictive biomarkers, cancer immunotherapy response, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, host immune response, tumor microenvironment, systems biology, cancer prognosis
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Neoplasms, Prognosis, Biomarkers, Tumor
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