Reconstructing the evolution of laughter in great apes and humans
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Human emotional expressions, such as laughter, are argued to have their origins in ancestral nonhuman primate displays. To test this hypothesis, the current work examined the acoustics of tickle-induced vocalizations from infant and juvenile orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and bonobos, as well as tickle-induced laughter produced by human infants. Resulting acoustic data were then coded as character states and submitted to quantitative phylogenetic analysis. Acoustic outcomes revealed both important similarities and differences among the five species. Furthermore, phylogenetic trees reconstructed from the acoustic data matched the well-established trees based on comparative genetics. Taken together, the results provide strong evidence that tickling-induced laughter is homologous in great apes and humans and support the more general postulation of phylogenetic continuity from nonhuman displays to human emotional expressions. Findings also show that distinctively human laughter characteristics such as predominantly regular, stable voicing and consistently egressive airflow are nonetheless traceable to characteristics of shared ancestors with great apes.
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Laughter represents a primordial social communication signal already present in non-human primates.
“Laughter represents a primordial social communication signal which is already present in non-human primates [23].”
From They are laughing at me: Cerebral mediation of cognitive biases in social anxiety (2014) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Davila Ross, M., J Owren, M., & Zimmermann, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation (DE)
- ORCID
- Zimmermann, Elke
- Venue
- Current Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-07
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1106-1111
- ISSN
- 0960-9822 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2034471684
- Cited by
- 286
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 38 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 13.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
- www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 1513 d)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-017 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-037 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-012 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-029 (stm-asf)
- doi.org/10.15223/policy-004 (stm-asf)
- Locations
- Current Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Humor Studies and Applications
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Language and cultural evolution
- Keywords
- great apes, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos, infants, vocal acoustics, homology, phylogenetic inference, voicing, primate vocal communication
- MeSH terms
- Acoustics, Animals, Anthropology, Physical, Behavior, Animal, Biological Evolution, Humans, Infant, Laughter, Phylogeny, Vocalization, Animal, Hominidae
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