Cited by 306Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesNeural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

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Mindfulness meditation improves emotion regulation and reduces drug abuse

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Tang, Yi-Yuan, Tang, Rongxiang, Posner, Michael I.·2016·Drug and Alcohol Dependence

DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.041

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The core clinical symptoms of addiction include an enhanced incentive for drug taking (craving), impaired self-control (impulsivity and compulsivity), emotional dysregulation (negative mood) and increased stress reactivity. Symptoms related to impaired self-control involve reduced activity in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), adjacent prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and other brain areas. Behavioral training such as mindfulness meditation can increase the function of control networks including those leading to improved emotion regulation and thus may be a promising approach for the treatment of addiction. METHODS: In a series of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we tested whether increased ACC/mPFC activity is related to better self-control abilities in executive functions, emotion regulation and stress response in healthy and addicted populations. After a brief mindfulness training (Integrative Body-Mind Training, IBMT), we used the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Profile of Mood States (POMS) to measure emotion regulation, salivary cortisol for the stress response and fMRI for brain functional and DTI structural changes. Relaxation training was used to serve as an active control. RESULTS: In both smokers and nonsmokers, improved self-control abilities in emotion regulation and stress reduction were found after training and these changes were related to increased ACC/mPFC activity following training. Compared with nonsmokers, smokers showed reduced ACC/mPFC activity in the self-control network before training, and these deficits were ameliorated after training. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that promoting emotion regulation and improving ACC/mPFC brain activity can help for addiction prevention and treatment.

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neurociencia como fundamento de la educación emocional
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Spirituality and negative religious coping, but not positive religious coping, differentially mediate the relationship between scrupulosity and mental health: A cross-sectional study
Mancini, C. J., Quilliam, V., Camilleri, C., & Sammut, S. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jadr.2023.100680 · Cited by 25
A Matter of (Inner) Balance: The Association Between Facets of Mindfulness, Attention Deficit, and Postural Stability
Rosenstreich, E., Levi, U., & Laslo‐Roth, R. (2018) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0909-0 · Cited by 18
Bringing Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention for Substance Use Disorders into Individual Therapy with Spanish Population: a Feasibility and Effectiveness Study
Massaro, A. F., Lecuona, O., García-Rubio, C., & Castro-Paredes, A. (2022) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-022-01835-5 · Cited by 15
“Finally, these results may be related to improved emotional regulation of the unpleasant bodily sensations or negative affect states, reducing affective and cognitive reactivity (Grossman, 2018; Tang et al., 2016).”
Background
The nuances of emotion regulation difficulties and mindfulness in food addiction
Bunio, L. K., Battles, J. A., & Loverich, T. M. (2020) · Addiction Research & Theory · doi:10.1080/16066359.2020.1714038 · Cited by 16
A Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effect of Tai Chi on the Drug Craving in Women
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“Tang et al. (2016) reported that mindfulness meditation can improve reduced activity in the anterior cingulate cortex and adjacent prefrontal cortex to prevent and treat addiction.”
Brief mindfulness training for smoking cessation in Chinese women in workplaces: A pilot randomized controlled trial
Weng, X., Luk, T. T., Lau, O. S., Suen, Y. N., Lee, J. J., Li, W. H. C., Kwok, J. Y. Y., Lam, T. H., & Wang, M. P. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106677 · Cited by 15
Music therapy inhibits morphine-seeking behavior via GABA receptor and attenuates anxiety-like behavior induced by extinction from chronic morphine use
Kim, K. J., Lee, S. N., & Lee, B. H. (2018) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2018.03.035 · Cited by 15
Melatonin Regulates Neuronal Synaptic Plasticity in the Supramammillary Nucleus and Attenuates Methamphetamine‐Induced Conditioned Place Preference and Sensitization in Mice
Ren, Q., Han, W., Yue, Y., Tang, Y., Yue, Q., Comai, S., & Sun, J. (2024) · Journal of Pineal Research · doi:10.1111/jpi.13006 · Cited by 14
“According to a previous report, enhancing emotion regulation and improving activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and medial PFC (mPFC) may contribute to the prevention and treatment of addiction [60].”
Self-citation
Dispositional Mindfulness and Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms in Emergency Nurses: Multiple Mediating Roles of Coping Styles and Emotional Exhaustion
Yuan, Y., Wang, Z., Shao, Y., Xu, X., Lu, F. Y., Xie, F., & Sun, W. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.787100 · Cited by 14
Resilience mediates parenting style associated school bullying victimization in Chinese children and adolescents
Chen, X., Lü, J., Ran, H., Che, Y., Fang, D., Chen, L., Peng, J., Wang, S., Liang, X., Sun, H., et al. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-14746-w · Cited by 24
“Therefore, adolescence can be considered a critical stage for interventions to improve emotional competence, such as Mindfulness-Based Resilience Training (MBRT) [28], Penn resilience program (PRP) [29], and Integrative Body-Mind Training (IBMT) [30].”
Background
The relation between naturalistic use of psychedelics and perception of emotional stimuli: An event-related potential study comparing non-users and experienced users of classic psychedelics
Orlowski, P., Hobot, J., Ruban, A., Szczypiński, J., & Bola, M. (2023) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/02698811231216322 · Cited by 15
“…can have similar effects on emotionality as the use of psychedelics (Millière et al., 2018; Orłowski et al., 2022; Simonsson and Goldberg, 2023; Tang et al., 2016), we utilized weights in our statistical models to mitigate the influence of individuals with a history of extensive meditation…”
BackgroundMethod
Orbitofrontal structural markers of negative affect in alcohol dependence and their associations with heavy relapse-risk at 6 months post-treatment
Zois, E., Vollstädt‐Klein, S., Hoffmann, S., Reinhard, I., Charlet, K., Beck, A., Jorde, A., Kirsch, M., Walter, H., Heinz, A., et al. (2017) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.07.013 · Cited by 15
“Our findings imply the importance of medial OFC recovery to protracted abstinence that can be attained via the implementation of pharmacological or psychological interventions such as alcohol skills training [52] or mindfulness techniques targeting negative affect [53].”
Background
Mindfulness as a Promoter of Adaptive Development in Adolescence
Amada, N. M., & Shane, J. (2018) · Adolescent Research Review · doi:10.1007/s40894-018-0096-1 · Cited by 21
Development of the Risk of Relapse Assessment Scale for methamphetamine abusers in China
Xu, S., Zhang, K., & Luo, T. (2021) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108992 · Cited by 15
Effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Relapse Prevention on Quality of Life and Craving in Methadone-treated Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Yaghubi, M., & Zargar, F. (2018) · PubMed Central · doi:10.22122/ahj.v10i4.573 · Cited by 14
Spiritual care performed in a drug user clinic
de Oliveira, C. P., Calixto, A. M., Disconzi, M. V., de Pinho, L. B., & Camatta, M. W. (2020) · Revista gaúcha de enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190121 · Cited by 14
“In agreement with the statements that point to anxiety reduction as one of the effects after meditation, one study found that the mindfulness meditation practice can help a person gain the ability to cope with their emotions, helping to deal with anxieties and cravings related to the drug(21).”
BackgroundInfluential
A Mobile Health App (ChillTime) Promoting Emotion Regulation in Dual Disorders: Acceptability and Feasibility Pilot Study
Pennou, A., Lecomte, T., Potvin, S., Riopel, G., Vézina, C., Villeneuve, M., Abdel‐Baki, A., & Khazaal, Y. (2023) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/37293 · Cited by 17
Psychedelic Therapy: A Primer for Primary Care Clinicians—Ketamine
Evans, V. D., Arenas, A., Shinozuka, K., Tabaac, B. J., Beutler, B. D., Cherian, K. N., Fasano, C., & Muir, O. S. (2024) · American Journal of Therapeutics · doi:10.1097/mjt.0000000000001721 · Cited by 19
The impact of mindfulness meditation on social and moral behavior: Does mindfulness enhance other-oriented motivation or decrease monetary reward salience?
Feruglio, S., Panasiti, M. S., Crescentini, C., Aglioti, S. M., & Ponsi, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2022.963422 · Cited by 15
“, 2007; Friese and Hofmann, 2016; Kaunhoven and Dorjee, 2017), emotion regulation (Teper et al., 2013; Roemer et al., 2015; Tang et al., 2016), self-control (Bowlin and Baer, 2012; Friese et al.”
Background
DSM-5 Maladaptive Personality Domains among Treatment-Seeking Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder: The Role of Disinhibition and Negative Affectivity
Cavicchioli, M., Ramella, P., Movalli, M., Prudenziati, F., Vassena, G., Simone, G., & Maffei, C. (2020) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.1080/10826084.2020.1762650 · Cited by 13
“…behavior therapy skills training (Cavicchioli et al., 2020; Maffei et al., 2018), could be more appropriate for the internalizing form of AUD in the light of their well-documented therapeutic effects on negative affectivity (Cavicchioli et al., 2018) and emotion regulation (Tang et al., 2016).”
Background
Enhanced amygdala–anterior cingulate white matter structural connectivity in Sahaja Yoga Meditators
Perez-Diaz, O., Góngora, D., González–Mora, J. L., Rubia, K., Barrós‐Loscertales, A., & Hernández, S. E. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0301283 · Cited by 12
New research directions for areca nut/betel quid and oral submucous fibrosis for holistic prevention and treatment
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Effects of the Mindfulness-Based Blood Pressure Reduction (MB-BP) program on depression and neural structural connectivity
Polcari, J. J., Cali, R. J., Nephew, B. C., Lu, S., Rashkovskii, M., Wu, J., Saadeh, F., Loucks, E., & King, J. A. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.059 · Cited by 13
Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Difficulties Questionnaire (CERQ) in Higher Education Students in Times of Covid-19
Rodríguez-Sabiote, C., Ibáñez-Cubillas, P., López-Rodríguez, S., & Álvarez-Rodríguez, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695147 · Cited by 11
“, 2019), emotional regulation as a predictor of substance abuse and addictive behaviours (Tang et al., 2016; Estevez et al., 2017), the use of maladaptive strategies in eating disorders (Dingemans et al.”
Background
Virtual Peer Support in Women’s Health for Pregnant People and Mothers With Substance Use Disorder
Newell, S. M., Stem, J., & Lanzillotta‐Rangeley, J. (2022) · Nursing for Women s Health · doi:10.1016/j.nwh.2022.03.001 · Cited by 11
The functional connectivity between right insula and anterior cingulate cortex underlying the association between future self-continuity and delay discounting
Zhao, H., Sun, J., Zhang, R., Jiang, Y., Zhang, Y., Feng, T., & Feng, P. (2024) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhae296 · Cited by 12
The relationship between mindfulness and cognitive reappraisal: the mediating role of emotional and interoceptive awareness
Pang, Y., Tse, B., Liu, W., & Yang, Q. (2024) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-024-01246-5 · Cited by 13
“It appears that mind-fulness can be regarded as a useful and adaptive emotion regulation strategy, by encouraging people to simply focus their attention and awareness on what is happening at the present moment, without responding to the emotional events (Tang et al. 2016).”
Atypical Anxiety-Related Amygdala Reactivity and Functional Connectivity in Sant Mat Meditation
Chen, C., Chen, Y., Chen, K.-L., & Cheng, Y. (2018) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00298 · Cited by 12
Mindful Coping Power Effects on Children’s Autonomic Nervous System Functioning and Long-Term Behavioral Outcomes
Boxmeyer, C. L., Stager, C. G., Miller, S., Lochman, J. E., Romero, D. E., Powell, N. P., Bui, C., & Qu, L. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12113621 · Cited by 11
“Brain imaging studies indicate that mindfulness training is linked to improvements in the density of brain regions linked to emotion regulation [65].”
Background
The Dual Systems Model—Impulsivity and Narcissism as the Reflexive System and Self-Regulation as the Reflective System—of Smartphone Addiction
Tan, K., Jaafar, N. R. N., Bahar, N., Ibrahim, N., Baharudin, A., Ismail, W. S. W., Aziz, M. A., & Sim, S. T. (2024) · Cyberpsychology Behavior and Social Networking · doi:10.1089/cyber.2023.0337 · Cited by 11
“51–53 In the context of smartphone use, self-regulation serves as a protective mechanism against the allure of immediate rewards linked to impulsivity 30–32 and the constant need for validation associated with narcissism.”
Effects of Two Online Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Early Adolescents for Attentional, Emotional, and Behavioral Self-Regulation
Porter, B., Oyanadel, C., Betancourt, I., Worrell, F. C., & Castro, W. P. (2024) · Pediatric Reports · doi:10.3390/pediatric16020022 · Cited by 15
“Thus, the results of this study show the impact of strengthening attentional regulation as a foundation for facilitating emotional regulation during this critical developmental period [18,27,48,73].”
Background
Emotion dysregulation, transdiagnostic vulnerabilities, and e-cigarette expectancies in a young adult sample
Brockenberry, L. O., Braitman, A. L., & Harrell, P. T. (2022) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107253 · Cited by 10
The Workaholism–Technostress Interplay: Initial Evidence on Their Mutual Relationship
Buono, C., Farnese, M. L., & Spagnoli, P. (2023) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs13070599 · Cited by 16
A novel approach of substitution therapy with inhalation of essential oil for the reduction of inhalant craving: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial
Kalayasiri, R., Maneesang, W., & Maes, M. H. J. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.015 · Cited by 10
“Thus, the calming and soothing effects of essential oil may explain in part its effects reducing craving responses as observed with other substances (Limsanon and Kalayasiri, 2015; Tang et al., 2016).”
Background
Smoking Cessation for Those Pursuing Recovery from Substance Use Disorders
Derefinko, K. J., García, F. I. S., & Sumrok, D. D. (2018) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2018.02.014 · Cited by 10
Mindful self-regulation of attention is a key protective factor for emotional dysregulation and addictive behaviors among individuals with alcohol use disorder
Cavicchioli, M., Ramella, P., Vassena, G., Simone, G., Prudenziati, F., Sirtori, F., Movalli, M., & Maffei, C. (2020) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106317 · Cited by 11

Authors: Tang, Y.-Y., Tang, R., & Posner, M. I.
Affiliations: Texas Tech University (US)
Washington University in St. Louis (US)
University of Oregon (US)
Corresponding author: Tang, Yi-Yuan
ORCID: Tang, Yi-Yuan
Tang, Rongxiang
Posner, Michael I.
Venue: Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2016-06
Volume: 163
Pages: S13-S18
ISSN: 0376-8716 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.041
OpenAlex: W2418056822
Cited by: 306
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 33
FWCI: 3.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Drug and Alcohol Dependence (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Office of Naval Research
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Keywords: mindfulness meditation, emotion regulation, drug abuse, addiction treatment, self-control, anterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, stress response, salivary cortisol, smoking, craving, impulsivity, executive function, brain network activity, addiction prevention
MeSH terms: Adult, Affect, Emotions, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Relaxation Therapy, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Prefrontal Cortex, Meditation, Substance-Related Disorders, Executive Function, Mindfulness

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Mindfulness meditation improves emotion regulation and reduces drug abuse

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