Cited by 94Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesPsychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments

Immediate Effects of Interoceptive Awareness Training through Mindful Awareness in Body-Oriented Therapy (Mabt) for Women in Substance Use Disorder Treatment

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Price, Cynthia J., Thompson, Elaine A., Crowell, Sheila E., Pike, Kenneth, Cheng, Sunny C., Parent, Sara, Hooven, Carole·2019·Substance Abuse

Abstract

Background: Sensory information gained through interoceptive awareness may play an important role in affective behavior and successful inhibition of drug use. This study examined the immediate pre-post effects of the mind-body intervention Mindful Awareness in Body-oriented Therapy (MABT) as an adjunct to women's substance use disorder (SUD) treatment. MABT teaches interoceptive awareness skills to promote self-care and emotion regulation. Methods: Women in intensive outpatient treatment (IOP) for chemical dependency ( N = 217) at 3 community clinics in the Pacific Northwest of the United States were recruited and randomly assigned to one of 3 study conditions: MABT + treatment as usual (TAU), women's health education (WHE) +TAU (active control condition), and TAU only. At baseline and 3 months post-intervention, assessments were made of interoceptive awareness skills and mindfulness, emotion regulation (self-report and psychophysiological measures), symptomatic distress (depression and trauma-related symptoms), and substance use (days abstinent) and craving. Changes in outcomes across time were assessed using multilevel mixed-effects linear regression. Results: Findings based on an intent-to-treat approach demonstrated significant improvements in interoceptive awareness and mindfulness skills, emotion dysregulation (self-report and psychophysiology), and days abstinent for women who received MABT compared with the other study groups. Additional analyses based on participants who completed the major components of MABT (at least 75% of the intervention sessions) revealed these same improvements as well as reductions in depressive symptoms and substance craving. Conclusions: Findings that interoceptive training is associated with health outcomes for women in SUD treatment are consistent with emerging neurocognitive models that link interoception to emotion regulation and to related health outcomes, providing knowledge critical to supporting and improving SUD treatment.

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Crossref · 10.1080/08897077.2018.1488335

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  • Mindful awareness body touch-therapy as an adjunct to substance use treatment for women yielded moderate to large effects, including significantly fewer substance use days, reduced craving, and improvement in depression, anxiety, dissociation, and perceived stress compared to treatment as usual.

    “For example, mindful awareness body touch-therapy (MABT) as an adjunct to substance use treatment for women yielded moderate to large effects, including significantly fewer substance use days, reduced craving, and improvement in depression, anxiety, dissociation, and perceived stress compared to treatment as usual [19,20].”

    From Mindful moms: acceptability and impact of co-designed and digitally delivered video meditations for pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder (2025) · cites this paper as [19]

    The Methods (Design; page unavailable) identify MABT as an adjunct to women’s substance-use treatment, and the Results (Secondary outcomes; page unavailable) report significantly more days abstinent than with treatment as usual. The Discussion reports reduced craving and depression only in the intervention-dose analysis, not the intent-to-treat analysis. This paper does not establish the claimed moderate-to-large effects or improvements in anxiety, dissociation, and perceived stress. (LLM, conf=0.89)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • The findings are consistent with other studies that have demonstrated the positive impact of mindfulness interventions on stress and mindfulness constructs.

    “Our findings are consistent with other studies that have demonstrated the positive impact of mindfulness interventions on stress and mindfulness constructs [12,15,16,19,20,25–27,30,32].”

    From Mindful moms: acceptability and impact of co-designed and digitally delivered video meditations for pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder (2025) · cites this paper as [19]

    The Results (Primary outcomes; page unavailable) report improved mindfulness skills with MABT in the intervention-dose analysis, but not in the intent-to-treat analysis. The Discussion (page unavailable) reports improved regulation during a task involving stressful negative emotion; it does not establish that the intervention reduced stress itself. Thus the mindfulness portion is supported, while the claimed positive impact on stress is not directly supported. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • Evidence indicates that mindfulness interventions work through reducing stress and craving and improving mindfulness and interoceptive awareness.

    “Evidence indicates that mindfulness interventions work through reducing stress and craving and improving mindfulness and interoceptive awareness [15,19,20,28–32].”

    From Mindful moms: acceptability and impact of co-designed and digitally delivered video meditations for pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder (2025) · cites this paper as [19]

    The Results (Primary outcomes) report improved interoceptive awareness, while mindfulness skills improved significantly only in the intervention-dose analysis. The Discussion reports reduced craving with sufficient MABT dose, and the Introduction describes reduced perceived stress in an earlier feasibility study. These findings support the listed changes, but the paper treats interoception as a possible mechanism; it does not establish that mindfulness interventions work through all four changes. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • The study's findings on emotion regulation are inconsistent with MBI research typically suggesting a link between interoceptive awareness and emotion regulation.

    “This study’s findings on emotion regulation are inconsistent with MBI research, which typically suggests a link between interoceptive awareness and emotion regulation 59,60.”
  • Mindfulness-based interventions have demonstrated promise for supporting recovery and improving mental health for persons with substance use conditions.

    “Mindfulness-based interventions have demonstrated promise for supporting recovery and improving mental health for persons with substance use conditions (e.g. Refs. [11–21]).”

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Authors
Price, C. J., Thompson, E. A., Crowell, S. E., Pike, K., Cheng, S. C., Parent, S., & Hooven, C.
Affiliations
  • University of Washington (US)
  • University of Utah (US)
  • University of Washington Tacoma (US)
Corresponding author
Price, Cynthia J.
Venue
Substance Abuse
Published
2019-01
Volume
40
Issue
1
Pages
102-115
ISSN
  • 0889-7077 (ISSN-L)
  • 1547-0164
OpenAlex
W2810365833
Cited by
94
References
76
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1
FWCI
10.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Substance Abuse (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • University of Washington Tacoma Digital Commons (University of Washington Tacoma) (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health (R01 DA033324)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
Keywords
interoceptive awareness, mindfulness, women with substance use disorders, emotion regulation, intensive outpatient treatment, drug craving, abstinence, depressive symptoms, trauma symptoms, mind-body interventions, adjunct treatment
MeSH terms
Psychological Distress, Emotional Regulation, Adult, Awareness, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Substance-Related Disorders, Mind-Body Therapies, Young Adult, Self Report, Mindfulness, Interoception, Craving

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