Molecular diagnostic assays for the detection of common bacterial meningitis pathogens: A narrative review
Open accessAbstract
Bacterial meningitis is a major global cause of morbidity and mortality. Rapid identification of the aetiological agent of meningitis is essential for clinical and public health management and disease prevention given the wide range of pathogens that cause the clinical syndrome and the availability of vaccines that protect against some, but not all, of these. Since microbiological culture is complex, slow, and often impacted by prior antimicrobial treatment of the patient, molecular diagnostic assays have been developed for bacterial detection. Distinguishing between meningitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus), Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus agalactiae and identifying their polysaccharide capsules is especially important. Here, we review methods used in the identification of these bacteria, providing an up-to-date account of available assays, allowing clinicians and diagnostic laboratories to make informed decisions about which assays to use.
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LAMP and NASBA have been studied in various CNS infections and might especially be useful in laboratories with limited resources.
“LAMP and NASBA have been studied in various CNS infections and might especially be useful in laboratories with limited resources (26–31).”
From Molecular diagnostics in cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of central nervous system infections (2024) · cites this paper as [26]
The Introduction’s LAMP section describes assays studied for several bacterial meningitis pathogens and says their limited equipment requirements make them appealing to laboratories with limited resources. It does not address NASBA, so the claim about that method is unsupported by this source; the review also does not establish use across CNS infections beyond bacterial meningitis. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Molecular diagnostics in cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of central nervous system infections
Olie, S. E., Andersen, C. Ø., van de Beek, D., & Brouwer, M. C. (2024) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00021-24 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“LAMP and NASBA have been studied in various CNS infections and might especially be useful in laboratories with limited resources (26–31).”
- Authors
- Diallo, K., Feteh, V. F., Ibe, L., Antonio, M., Caugant, D. A., du Plessis, M., Deghmane, A.-E., Feavers, I. M., Fernandez, K., Fox, L. M., Rodrigues, C. M. C., Ronveaux, O., Taha, M.-K., Wang, X., Brueggemann, A. B., Maiden, M. C. J., & Harrison, O. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
- Institut Pasteur (FR)
- World Health Organization (CH)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Harrison, Odile B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- EBioMedicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 65
- Pages
- 103274
- ISSN
- 2352-3964 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7957090
- OpenAlex
- W3130451557
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 0.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
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- Locations
- EBioMedicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Greater South Information System
- Funders
- National Institute for Health Research (PR-OD-1017\u201320007, PR-OD-1017, 20007)
- ABB
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Bacterial Identification and Susceptibility Testing
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Keywords
- bacterial meningitis, molecular diagnostic assays, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus agalactiae, rapid bacterial detection
- MeSH terms
- DNA, Bacterial, Haemophilus influenzae, Humans, Latex Fixation Tests, Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Meningitis, Bacterial, Point-of-Care Systems, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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