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Immersive Virtual Reality in Education for Sustainable Development: A Systematic Scoping ReviewPreprint

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Who benefits and who doesn't in virtual reality learning: An experimental study comparing two types of schoolPreprint

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The Effect of Changes in the Environment in a Virtual Space on Learning Effectiveness

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The role of virtual reality in art therapy to mitigate autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms

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Anatomie in der immersiven virtuellen Realität: Eine qualitative Studie zu Vorstellungsänderungen, Einbindungsgraden und Reflexion eines immersiven HerzmodellsPreprint

Thomsen, D., & Büssing, A. G. (2023) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/bs28c

Assessment of Biology Teacher Candidates' Attitudes and Competencies Toward Virtual Reality Applications

Karabalayeva, A. B., Ibadullayeva, S. Z., Nurumov, B., Канатовна, Д. Г., Nazarov, E., & Sumatokhin, S. (2023) · International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (iJET) · doi:10.3991/ijet.v18i18.43219

Le potentiel didactique et pédagogique des technologies immersives en classe de Monde contemporain : opportunités et défis

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A study on the application and effects of virtual reality in teaching intravenous injection

Peng, Y., & Xiong, W. (2024) · Advances in intelligent systems research/Advances in Intelligent Systems Research · doi:10.2991/978-94-6463-417-4_34

Prevention and management of forest fires in an immersive environment

Ye, S., Onpium, P., & Ying, F. (2024) · Ukrainian Journal of Forest and Wood Science · doi:10.31548/forest/2.2024.59

Cerebral Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) Learning: A Methodological Framework to Develop a Web-Based Interactive 3D Application for Indonesian Medical Education

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Reducing Cognitive Load Through Content Architecture in VR

Horváth, I., Berki, B., Sudár, A., Csapó, Á., & Bárányi, P. (2024) · Studies in big data · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-68130-1_12

Advancing virtual learning spaces in Ukraine's educational institutions

Batareina, I., Samborska, O. D., Lysenko, N., Berestova, A. A., & Bratushka, S. (2024) · Multidisciplinary Reviews · doi:10.31893/multirev.2024spe071

Immersive Anatomy: Leveraging Virtual Reality for Enhanced Learning in Secondary Education

Chew, C. S., Roslan, M. R., Zain, N. H. M., Samah, K. A. F. A., Teo, N. H. I., & Aminuddin, R. (2024) · IEEE Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD) · doi:10.1109/scored64708.2024.10872664

Unlocking Language Learning with Immersive Technology

Lan, Y. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-51447-0_21-1

A 3D Stock Heatmap for Virtual Reality

Kulla, S. (2025) · Data Science Journal · doi:10.5334/dsj-2025-014

The exposure to the VR environment and prospective teachers’ opinions about it: a pre- and post-exposure analysis

Doz, D., Krajnčan, M., Jenko, M., & Vukovič, M. (2025) · Technology Pedagogy and Education · doi:10.1080/1475939x.2025.2496443

Design Principles for Effective Virtual Reality Simulations for Teaching Construction Management Courses: A Systematic Literature Review

Ogunmakinde, O. E. (2025) · Lecture notes in civil engineering · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-1181-2_18

Enhancing Altruistic Behavior Through Virtual Reality: The Impact of Immersive Environments and Digital Embodiment on Prosocial Tendencies

Xia, L., Hu, Y., Xiao-mei, L., Li, D., Zeng, S., & Fan, L. (2025) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-93712-5_15

Integrating Virtual Reality in Mechanism Education: Enhancing the Educational Experience

Anaya, C. E. F., Cuen-Rochin, S., & Elizondo-Noriega, A. (2025) · IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) · doi:10.1109/educon62633.2025.11016331

Fostering Learners’ Environmental Literacy through Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality: A Meta-Analysis

Chen, B. (2025) · Proceedings. · doi:10.22318/icls2025.492836

VR Ocstal: Development and Validation of Virtual Reality Ocean-Coastal in Maritime Higher Education

Asikin, N., Suwono, H., Sumitro, S. B., & Herak, R. (2025) · Salud Ciencia y Tecnología · doi:10.56294/saludcyt20251660

Transforming Workforce Development through AI-Driven Education Networks

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Do prompts to foster negative knowledge lead to more mistakes? The effects of exploratory behavioural prompts in medical training

Désiron, J. C., Wolfensberger, A., Clack, L., & Petko, D. (2025) · Interactive Learning Environments · doi:10.1080/10494820.2025.2521332

A meta-analysis of the impact of virtual experiments on students’ development

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The Effect of Virtual Reality Embodied Degree on Students’ Engagement and Cognitive Load

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Design of a Micro-landmark Recognition and Intelligent Navigation System Based on Immersive Virtual Reality Technology

Luo, Y. (2025) · Smart innovation, systems and technologies · doi:10.1007/978-981-96-5249-5_14

Developing and Evaluating Intercultural Competence in MA Curricular: An Outcome-Based Assessment Approach

Du, J. (2025) · Education and human development · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1011747 · Cited by 1

Aartificial Intelligence and Teacher Collaboration in Enhancing English Fluency: Evidence from EFL Vocational Schools Learners

Pratama, M. S. K., Rahman, A., Widiati, B., & Monteoro, C. B. (2025) · Journal of Language and Literature Studies · doi:10.36312/jolls.v5i2.2820

The Effect of Extended Reality Simulations for Industrial Safety on User Experience

Kang, H., Ryu, J., & Kim, K. (2025) · Journal of Digital Contents Society · doi:10.9728/dcs.2025.26.9.2513

Investigation of the feasibility and efficacy of a fully immersive virtual reality-based memory training paradigm on memory performance in healthy controls and patients with mood or schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Jespersen, A. E., Lachmann, R., Nordseth, B. O. B., Sivesgaard, J., Christiansen, L., & Miskowiak, K. W. (2025) · Nordic Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/08039488.2025.2565824

Playing Tetris in virtual reality Environment: Spatial perception, perceptual speed and visual working memory

Michalsky, T., & Klein, S. S. (2025) · Computers in Human Behavior Reports · doi:10.1016/j.chbr.2025.100849

Engaging Low-Literate Adults Through Game-Based Virtual Reality

Schnitzer, B. L., Bader, E., Caserman, P., Crocco, G., & Korn, O. (2025) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-10518-9_6

La réalité virtuelle s’impose comme un outil aux proches aidants, mais il faut les impliquer dans la conception

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The Effects of an ARCS-Based Immersive Virtual Environment for Cooperative Learning on Students’ Learning Effectiveness, Motivation, and Cooperative Behaviors

Chen, C., Ye, B., Ye, X., & Tu, Y.-F. (2025) · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality · doi:10.1162/pres.a.417

Enhancing Ideological and Political Education Engagement among Students with Learning Disabilities through Artificial Intelligence and Virtual Reality: A K-Means-Based Study

Zhang, Y. (2025) · International Symposium on Machine Learning and Social Computing · doi:10.1145/3778450.3778487

Additional file 1 of Effect of immersive virtual reality-based cognitive remediation in patients with mood or psychosis spectrum disorders: study protocol for a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial

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Additional file 2 of Effect of immersive virtual reality-based cognitive remediation in patients with mood or psychosis spectrum disorders: study protocol for a randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial

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The Intervention Effects of Different Intensities of Virtual Reality Exergaming on Loneliness among Rural Left-Behind Children in China (Preprint)Preprint

陈, 佳., Yang, Q., Liu, X., Lu, C., & Wang, Y. (2025) · doi:10.2196/preprints.83484

YABANCILARA TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETİMİNDE TÜRK MİMARİ KÜLTÜRÜNÜN ÖĞRETİLMESİNDE SANAL GERÇEKLİK UYGULAMALARININ KULLANIMI

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Preparing the Youth for the Workforce of Tomorrow: Investigating Virtual Reality (VR) in Higher Education Institutions (HEI)

Eybers, S., Chimbo, B., Hlengwa, C. L., Malungana, L., & Moape, T. G. (2025) · Sustainable business development · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-10065-8_21

Hemşirelik Eğitiminde Sanal Gerçeklik Simülasyon Senaryoları Nasıl Yazılır?

Akyüz, E., & Erbaş, A. (2026) · Akademisyen Kitabevi eBooks · doi:10.37609/akya.4066

Seeing through the virtual reality: the effects of learning environment and task difficulty on difficulty perception, learning outcomes and mental models

Shan, M., Du, S., Shangguan, C., & Li, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1772894 · Cited by 1

Effects of annotations and quizzes in a classroom-based immersive virtual field trip

Fink, M. C., Galler, C., Watzka, B., & Ertl, B. (2026) · Computers & Education X Reality · doi:10.1016/j.cexr.2026.100140

Engaging minds, driving action: How gamified virtual reality interactions boost consumer preferences for experiential products

Zhang, Y., Shi, S., Filieri, R., & Leung, W. K. S. (2026) · Decision Support Systems · doi:10.1016/j.dss.2026.114649

Transformational Leadership of Kiai in Character Building of Islamic Boarding School Alumni: A Phenomenological Study

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Exploring the Learning Effects of a VR-AI Integrated Information Platform for Age-Friendly Residential Design - A Workshop Study with International Students -

Lee, Y., Kim, T.-M., Koh, S.-Y., & Jang, M.-S. (2026) · Journal of the Korean housing association · doi:10.6107/jkha.2026.37.1.051

Inserting Generative Learning Activities During Pauses in Slideshow and Virtual Reality Lessons

Lawson, A. P., Delgado, C. Y., & Mayer, R. E. (2026) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1002/jcal.70215

GeoConnect: An Immersive VR Game for Learning Brazilian Geography

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Training social care staff in promoting self-determination and nutritional health for people with intellectual disabilities using 360o virtual reality videos and ethical reflection: a qualitative study

Johnsen, H. M., Steig, M. H., Ersfjord, E. M. I., Safari, M. C., Fone, A. M., & Melby, K. L. (2026) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-026-14308-5

A study of user acceptance theories in the context of virtual reality applications

Tahir, N. A., Hussien, N. S., Masmuzidin, M. Z., & Awang, N. B. (2026) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0312769

Apports de la Réalité Virtuelle à la simulation de vol pour l’apprentissage du pilotage

Labedan, P. (2023) · doi:10.70675/6e4404d7z635bz4422z8d8bza063e570db23

KERANGKA PEDAGOGI PEMBELAJARAN PRAKTIKAL DIGITAL DALAM AMALAN TVET DI MALAYSIA

Ishar, M. I. M., & Pardi, M. Y. (2026) · International Journal of Modern Education · doi:10.35631/ijmoe.829078

Virtual Reality in Education: A Stratified Meta-Analysis of Experimental Rigor and Bias

Layadi, S., Huguet, P., Pavic, K., & Chevalère, J. (2026) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-026-10130-x · Cited by 2

Safety Issues in STEM Virtual Learning Environments

Burleigh, C. L. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-13788-3_31

Usability and Attitudinal Impact of an Immersive VR Workplace Violence Training for Healthcare Staff: A Mixed-Methods Quasi-Experiment Comparing VR-Based Versus Expert-Led Debriefing (Preprint)Preprint

Wongphothiphan, T., Maa, T., Luna, J., Jackson, D., Schaffner, B. N., Reese, J. B., Fristad, M. A., Huang, Y., Lieser, T., Abbott, B., et al. (2026) · doi:10.2196/preprints.99735

Development and validation of an immersion scale for task-oriented virtual reality experience

Xia, X., Li, N., Lovreglio, R., Feng, Z., Paes, D., & Yang, H. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103836

Learning With a Pedagogical Agent in Virtual Reality: Does the Impact of Environment Type and Agent Presence Matter?

Zhang, G., Ren, Z., Qi, B., & Huang, R. (2026) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1002/jcal.70257

Real-World Case Studies

Zhang, B., & Chen, K. (2026) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-6182-6.ch007

Evaluating cognitive complexity and knowledge gain on learning designs with immersive technology

Pata, K., Väljataga, T., Kárpáti, A., & Kárpáti, V. (2026) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2026.2676751

Designing and Evaluating a Situated Escape-Room Virtual Reality Game: Integrating ARCS Motivation and Situated Learning to Improve Chemistry Learning, Motivation, and Flow

Hao, K.-C. (2026) · Journal of Educational Computing Research · doi:10.1177/07356331261455503

Impact of Virtual Reality on the academic performance of K-12 students: A meta-analysis

Kashif, M., Ammar, M., Abbasi, S. A., Sellami, A., & Ahmad, Z. (2026) · Sustainable Futures · doi:10.1016/j.sftr.2026.101944

Perspective Chapter: Implementing Immersive Technology in Mental Health Science Higher Education

der Kloet, D. V. H., & de Jong, N. (2026) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1015405

Speech Invaders: A gamified VR public-speaking simulation activity for reducing public-speaking anxiety and building confidence

Yao, S., Hommadova, A., Cabugao, A., & Cui, D. (2026) · Communication Teacher · doi:10.1080/17404622.2026.2674046

Reality check in virtual worlds: Teacher roles across immersive learning environments

Schwartz, E., Abdu, R., & Blau, I. (2026) · Journal of Research on Technology in Education · doi:10.1080/15391523.2026.2669826

Immersive Virtual Reality Training for Soft Skills in Higher Education: An Investigation of Early-Adopter Instructors’ Perceptions in an Ecologically Valid Context Using Bodyswaps

Boel, C., Vanhulsel, A., & Struyf, D. (2026) · Multimedia · doi:10.3390/multimedia2020009

Impact of a Study Guide Versus an Immersive Virtual Reality Approach on Student Learning and Perspectives for Introductory Chemistry

Tigabu, L., Sidhu, A., Hayashi, R., Person, E. C., & Donnelly-Hermosillo, D. F. (2026) · Journal of Science Education and Technology · doi:10.1007/s10956-026-10335-3

Exploring the impact of immersive reality for enhancing clinical training in dental education: a systematic review

Ruslin, M., Sjamsudin, E., Hanafiah, O. A., Stevanie, C., Kurniawan, S., Anshar, M., Boffano, P., Forouzanfar, T., & Sukotjo, C. (2026) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-026-09739-x

வளயடடமயமககல மறறம அமரததக கணள யதரததம தமழ இலககயக கலவயல: Z-தலமற கறபரடய ஈடபட மறறம கறறல வளவகள அளவடதல Gamification and Immersive Virtual Reality in Tamil Literature Education: Measuring Engagement and Learning Outcomes Among Gen-Z Learners

Shahul Hameed, S. (2026) · Journal of Valartamil · doi:10.37134/jvt.vol7.1.8.2026

Artificial intelligence and academic anxiety? a meta-analysis

Wang, W., Diao, L., & Yu, J. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-05018-y

Immersive cloud-based mobile learning tools in higher education: a systematic review of integration frameworks and implementation strategies

Semerikov, S. O., Вакалюк, Т. А., Мінтій, І. С., Гаманюк, В. А., Bondarenko, O. V., Nechypurenko, P. P., Шокалюк, С. В., & Моісеєнко, Н. В. (2025) · International Workshop on Augmented Reality in Education (AREdu) · doi:10.55056/ceur-ws.org/vol-4060/paper02.pdf

From Perception to Representation of Dynamic Models in Virtual Reality Simulations: Decoding Scientific and Embodied Knowing Through Gestures

Lui, M., Mullally, M., & McEwen, R. N. (2026) · Journal of Science Education and Technology · doi:10.1007/s10956-026-10339-z

Virtual Realities, Real Risks: A Scoping Review for Immersive Learning in Secure Software Engineering

Meland, P. H. (2026) · IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON) · doi:10.1109/educon67543.2026.11574112

Applying the signaling principle in immersive virtual reality for medical education: Effects of color coding on virtual presence, learning-centered emotions, cognitive load, and learning outcomes

Schrader, C., Diekmann, C., Kunz, M., Albrecht, A., Hansen, C., & Schott, D. (2026) · Computers & Education X Reality · doi:10.1016/j.cexr.2026.100172

Immersion for All? Rethinking Equity and Fatigue in the XR Era: A Systematic Literature Review of Immersive Technology

Choi, E., & Mou, J. (2026) · Data Science and Management · doi:10.1016/j.dsm.2026.100192

Embodied Aesthetics: A Collaborative VR Learning Environment with Motion Capture-Driven Natural Interaction

Chen, Y., Ding, D., Yun, Z., Xu, X., & Jin, J. (2026) · International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design (CSCWD) · doi:10.1109/cscwd68734.2026.11582743

Design and Evaluation of a Virtual Reality-Based Disaster Training Environment for Hospital Emergency Response

Haruka, Y., Kajiyama, K., Tsubaki, M., & Kanno, T. (2026) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-30041-6_22

The Experiential Quantum Framework: Design Principles for Immersive Virtual Reality in Quantum Mechanics Education

Christopoulos, A., Mystakidis, S., & Laakso, M. (2026) · International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics · doi:10.1109/mipro70003.2026.11591996

Modeling teachers’ acceptance of VR editors to bridge the gap between VR users and creators in classrooms

Çelik, B., Kaplan, G., Tuker, C., & Cagiltay, K. (2026) · Discover Education · doi:10.1007/s44217-026-01886-z

Realidad virtual en física y matemáticas para ingeniería agronómica: un estudio cuasi-experimental

Vanegas, J. A. S., Méndez-Pineda, D. O., Iriarte, K. C., & Hernández-Rodríguez, J. D. (2026) · Tecné Episteme y Didaxis TED · doi:10.17227/ted.num60-24773

Immersive Virtual Reality With Haptic Feedback for Supporting Spatial Understanding in Students

Quispe-Flores, L. M., Luque-Cruz, J. M., Heras, J. E. L., Huamán-Gutiérrez, R., Maraza-Quispe, B., Oviedo, O. M. A., Rosas-Imán, V. H., & Choquehuanca-Quispe, W. (2026) · IEEE Revista Iberoamericana de Tecnologias del Aprendizaje · doi:10.1109/rita.2026.3713775

Virtual Reality and Communicating the Past

Keep, T. J. (2026) · doi:10.1093/9780197835210.003.0020

ICARECS-2026 - VR NEURAL CLASSROOM

karthiga, D. I. (2026) · i-manager s Journal on Augmented & Virtual Reality · doi:10.26634/javr.4.1.11309

Assessing Visual Defect Saliency on 3D Meshes through Gaze-Based Metrics

Jamil, S., Pettré, J., Iksal, S., & David, E. J. (2026) · International Conference on Quality of Multimedia Experience (QoMEX) · doi:10.1109/qomex69967.2026.11618369

Effects of Integrating Virtual Reality into Instructional Design on Railway Conductors’ Acquisition of Safety Confirmation Procedures

Kikuchi, F. (2026) · The Japanese Journal of Ergonomics · doi:10.5100/jje.62.134

Immersive Virtual Reality in Foreign Language Learning: A Bibliometric Analysis

Peixoto, B., Cabral, L., Gonçalves, G., Bessa, M., & Melo, M. (2026) · TechTrends · doi:10.1007/s11528-026-01212-2

From engagement to development: teacher- and parent-rated changes following virtual Reality–Based training in children with special educational needs

Karadağ, E., Çiftçi, Ş. K., Aydogmus, M., Bostancı, C., Şimşek, İ., Zerra, E., Kubiak, M., Saiz, J., & Gobbi, A. (2026) · Frontiers in Virtual Reality · doi:10.3389/frvir.2026.1891564

Virtual Reality Games as a Tool for Social Skills Support in Autistic Children: A Conceptual Framework

Pivotto, I. D., Matias, V., Beji, F., Cottet, A., & Ferreira, W. D. (2026) · Springer proceedings in business and economics · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-23282-3_25

Digital Competency Development in Higher Education: a Comparative Assessment of Traditional and Immersive Learning Environments*

Demartini, C., Oppioli, M., & Pipino, B. (2026) · IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Reality (ICIR) · doi:10.1109/icir70631.2026.11628437

Theory-Informed Design and Development of an Immersive Virtual Reality Simulation for STEM Education

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