Cited by 486Agronomic Practices and Intercropping SystemsPlant and soil sciencesLand Use and Ecosystem Services

Facing up to the Paradigm of Ecological Intensification in Agronomy: Revisiting Methods, Concepts and Knowledge

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Doré, Thierry, Makowski, David, Malézieux, Eric, Munier-Jolain, Nathalie, Tchamitchian, Marc, Tittonell, Pablo·2011·European Journal of Agronomy

Abstract

Agriculture is facing up to an increasing number of challenges, including the need to ensure various ecosystem services and to resolve apparent conflicts between them. One of the ways forward for agriculture currently being debated is a set of principles grouped together under the umbrella term “ecological intensification”. In published studies, ecological intensification has generally been considered to be based essentially on the use of biological regulation to manage agroecosystems, at field, farm and landscape scales. We propose here five additional avenues that agronomic research could follow to strengthen the ecological intensification of current farming systems. We begin by assuming that progress in plant sciences over the last two decades provides new insight of potential use to agronomists. Potentially useful new developments in plant science include advances in the fields of energy conversion by plants, nitrogen use efficiency and defence mechanisms against pests. We then suggest that natural ecosystems may also provide sources of inspiration for cropping system design, in terms of their structure and function on the one hand, and farmers’ knowledge on the other. Natural ecosystems display a number of interesting properties that could be incorporated into agroecosystems. We discuss the value and limitations of attempting to ‘mimic’ their structure and function, while considering the differences in objectives and constraints between these two types of system. Farmers develop extensive knowledge of the systems they manage. We discuss ways in which this knowledge could be combined with, or fed into scientific knowledge and innovation, and the extent to which this is likely to be possible. The two remaining avenues concern methods. We suggest that agronomists make more use of meta-analysis and comparative system studies, these two types of methods being commonly used in other disciplines but barely used in agronomy. Meta-analysis would make it possible to quantify variations of cropping system performances in interaction with soil and climate conditions more accurately across environments and socio-economic contexts. Comparative analysis would help to identify the structural characteristics of cropping and farming systems underlying properties of interest. Such analysis can be performed with sets of performance indicators and methods borrowed from ecology for analyses of the structure and organisation of these systems. These five approaches should make it possible to deepen our knowledge of agroecosystems for action.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.eja.2011.02.006

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  • French farmers are forced to slightly adapt their management each year due to climate variability and changing grass growth patterns.

    “Despite trying to do their best to provide high-quality fiber to their animals, they are forced to slightly adapt their management each year [28] due to climate variability and changing grass growth patterns.”

    From Grassland-Based Farming Systems Targeting Agroecology: Which Indicators Should Be Used for On-Farm Assessment? (2025) · cites this paper as [28]

    Section 2.3 discusses farmers’ knowledge and local adaptation, but it does not describe French farmers changing their management each year. Searches for annual adjustments, climate variability, and changing grass growth found no passage addressing that claim; page numbers were not available in the indexed copy. (LLM, conf=0.72)

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Research works printed but not linked: 5

  1. Chevassus au Louis, B., Griffon, M., 2008. La nouvelle modernité: une agriculture productive à haute valeur écologique, in: Déméter : Économie et Stratégies Agricoles, (vol. 14), pp. 7-48.
  2. Gliessman, S.R., 2007. Agroecology: the Ecology of Food Systems (2nd Edition). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (USA).
  3. Jackson, W., Jackson, L.L., 1999. Developing high seed yielding perennial polycultures as a mimic of mid-grass prairie, in: Lefroy, E.C., Hobbs, R.J., O'Connor, M.H., Pate, J.S. (Eds.), Agriculture as a Mimic of Natural Ecosystems. Kluwer Academic Publishing, Dordrecht (NLD), (Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture, vol. 37), pp. 1-38.
  4. Lemanceau, P., Expert, D., Gaymard, F., Bakker, P.A.H.M., Briat, J.-F., 2009. Role of Iron in Plant-Microbe Interactions, in: Plant Innate Immunity, (Advances in Botanical Research, vol. 51), pp. 491-549.
  5. Tittonell, P., 2007. Msimu wa Kupanda: targeting resources within diverse, heterogenous and dynamic farming systems of East Africa (PhD thesis). Wageningen University, Wageningen (NLD).

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Authors
Doré, T., Makowski, D., Malézieux, E., Munier-Jolain, N., Tchamitchian, M., & Tittonell, P.
Affiliations
  • AgroParisTech (FR)
  • Services déconcentrés d'appui à la recherche Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (FR)
  • Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (FR)
Corresponding author
Doré, Thierry
Venue
European Journal of Agronomy
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-05
Volume
34
Issue
4
Pages
197-210
ISSN
1161-0301 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1967544423
Cited by
474
References
192
Citations by year
2026: 20 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 21
FWCI
61.64
Type
journal article
Language
en
Locations
  • European Journal of Agronomy (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Agritrop (Cirad) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › General Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant and soil sciences
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
Keywords
ecological intensification, agroecosystems, nitrogen use efficiency, farmer knowledge, cropping system design, ecosystem services, performance indicators, pedoclimatic conditions

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