Addiction to opioids in chronic pain patients: A literature review

Højsted, Jette; Sjøgren, Per

doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2006.08.004

Cited by 425Opioid Use Disorder TreatmentPain Management and Opioid UseSubstance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes

Addiction to opioids in chronic pain patients: A literature review

Højsted, Jette, Sjøgren, Per·2007·European Journal of Pain

DOI 10.1016/j.ejpain.2006.08.004

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Abstract

Opioids have proven very useful for treatment of acute pain and cancer pain, and in the developed countries opioids are increasingly used for treatment of chronic non-malignant pain patients as well. This literature review aims at giving an overview of definitions, mechanisms, diagnostic criteria, incidence and prevalence of addiction in opioid treated pain patients, screening tools for assessing opioid addiction in chronic pain patients and recommendations regarding addiction problems in national and international guidelines for opioid treatment in cancer patients and chronic non-malignant pain patients. The review indicates that the prevalence of addiction varied from 0% up to 50% in chronic non-malignant pain patients, and from 0% to 7.7% in cancer patients depending of the subpopulation studied and the criteria used. The risk of addiction has to be considered when initiating long-term opioid treatment as addiction may result in poor pain control. Several screening tools were identified, but only a few were thoroughly validated with respect to validity and reliability. Most of the identified guidelines mention addiction as a potential problem. The guidelines in cancer pain management are concerned with the fact that pain may be under treated because of fear of addiction, and the guidelines in management of non-malignant pain patients include warnings of addiction. According to the literature, it seems appropriate and necessary to be aware of the problems associated with addiction during long-term opioid treatment, and specialised treatment facilities for pain management or addiction medicine should be consulted in these cases.

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Prescribed opioid medication misuse is alarmingly frequent in chronic pain patients.
“This finding is relevant given that there is a growing body of evidence to suggest that prescribed opioid medication misuse is alarmingly frequent in chronic pain patients [35,36,37,38].”
From Pain acceptance creates an emotional context that protects against the misuse of prescription opioids: A study in a sample of patients with chronic noncancer pain (2021) · cites this paper as [36]

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Palliative Care in Japan: Current Status and a Nationwide Challenge to Improve Palliative Care by the Cancer Control Act and the Outreach Palliative Care Trial of Integrated Regional Model (OPTIM) Study
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Authors: Højsted, J., & Sjøgren, P.
Affiliations: Copenhagen University Hospital (DK)
Corresponding author: Højsted, Jette
ORCID: Sjøgren, Per
Venue: European Journal of Pain
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2007-07
Volume: 11
Issue: 5
Pages: 490-518
ISSN: 1090-3801 (ISSN-L)
1532-2149
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2006.08.004
OpenAlex: W1968105689
Cited by: 424
References: 134
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 35
FWCI: 2.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 1653 d)
Locations: European Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Keywords: opioid use disorder, chronic non-cancer pain, cancer pain, addiction prevalence, addiction risk, pain management, addiction medicine
MeSH terms: Analgesics, Opioid, Chronic Disease, Humans, Mass Screening, Opioid-Related Disorders, Neoplasms, Intractable Pain, Pain, Intractable, Surveys and Questionnaires, Incidence, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Pain Clinics

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Addiction to opioids in chronic pain patients: A literature review

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