Apelin/APJ system: A novel therapeutic target for locomotor system diseases
Abstract
Apelin is an endogenous ligand of G protein-coupled receptor APJ. Apelin/APJ system is widely expressed in abundant tissues, especially bone, joint and muscle tissue. This review focus on the effects of apelin/APJ system on locomotor system. An increasing number of evidence suggests that apelin/APJ system plays a crucial role in many physiological and pathological processes of locomotor system. Physiologically, apelin/APJ system promotes bone formation, muscle metabolism and skeletal muscle production. Pathologically, apelin/APJ system exacerbates osteoarthritis pathogenesis, whereas it alleviates osteoporosis. Besides, the level of apelin expression is regulated by different training modes, including continuous aerobic exercise, high-intensity interval training and resistance exercises. More importantly, exercise-induced apelin may be a potent pharmacological agent for the treatment of diseases and the regulation of physiological processes. Considering the pleiotropic effects of apelin on locomotor system, apelin/APJ system may be an important therapeutic target for locomotor system diseases.
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Myokines that affect bone include apelin, myostatin, irisin, IL-6, IL-7 and BAIBA.
“Noted myokines affecting the bone include apelin166, myostatin61, irisin167, IL-6 (REF.168), IL-7 (REF.60) and BAIBA59 (Supplementary Table 1).”
From Exerkines in health, resilience and disease (2022) · cites this paper as [166]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Exerkines in health, resilience and disease
Chow, L. S., Gerszten, R. E., Taylor, J. M., Pedersen, B. K., van Praag, H., Trappe, S., Febbraio, M. A., Galis, Z. S., Gao, Y., Haus, J. M., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-022-00641-2 · Cited by 927 · see citing works
- Authors
- Luo, J., Liu, W., Feng, F., & Chen, L.
- Affiliations
- University of South China (CN)
- Central South University (CN)
- Shaoyang University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Feng, Fen
- Chen, Linxi
- ORCID
- Venue
- European Journal of Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2021-09
- Volume
- 906
- Pages
- 174286
- ISSN
- 0014-2999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3177381405
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 128
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 0.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- European Journal of Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973326)
- Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2019JJ40255)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Apelin-related biomedical research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Biochemical effects in animals
- Keywords
- apelin, APJ receptor, musculoskeletal system, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, bone formation, skeletal muscle metabolism, physical activity, high-intensity interval training, resistance training, aerobic exercise, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Apelin, Apelin Receptors, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Musculoskeletal Diseases, Signal Transduction, Molecular Targeted Therapy
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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