Insights into biochar and hydrochar production and applications: A review

The rise of graphene

Geim, A. K., & Novoselov, K. S. (2007) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat1849 · Cited by 39,979

Carbon-based materials as supercapacitor electrodes

Zhang, L., & Zhao, X. (2009) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/b813846j · Cited by 7,569

Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading

Bridgwater, A. V. (2012) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.048 · Cited by 4,856

Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: A review

Ahmad, M., Rajapaksha, A. U., Lim, J. E., Zhang, M., Bolan, N., Mohan, D., Vithanage, M., Lee, S. S., & Ok, Y. S. (2014) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.10.071 · Cited by 4,662

Dynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)

Keiluweit, M., Nico, P. S., Johnson, M. G., & Kleber, M. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9031419 · Cited by 3,230

Bio-char Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems – A Review

Lehmann, J., Gaunt, J., & Rondon, M. (2006) · Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change · doi:10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5 · Cited by 3,053

A handful of carbon

Lehmann, J. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/447143a · Cited by 2,477

A quantitative review of the effects of biochar application to soils on crop productivity using meta-analysis

Jeffery, S., Verheijen, F. G. A., van der Velde, M., & Bastos, A. C. (2011) · Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2011.08.015 · Cited by 2,422

Organic and inorganic contaminants removal from water with biochar, a renewable, low cost and sustainable adsorbent – A critical review

Mohan, D., Sarswat, A., Ok, Y. S., & Pittman, C. U. (2014) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2014.01.120 · Cited by 2,313

Pelletization of soil amendment: Optimizing the production and quality of soil amendment pellets from compost with water and biochar mixtures and their impact on soil properties

Sung-inthara, T., Juntahum, S., Senawong, K., Katekaew, S., & Laloon, K. (2023) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2023.103505 · Cited by 27

Biochar mediated high-rate anaerobic bioreactors: A critical review on high-strength wastewater treatment and management

Paritosh, K., & Kesharwani, N. (2024) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120348 · Cited by 26

Hydrothermal Carbonization Technology for Wastewater Treatment under the “Dual Carbon” Goals: Current Status, Trends, and Challenges

Liu, G., Xu, Q., Abou‐Elwafa, S. F., Alshehri, M. A., & Zhang, T. (2024) · Water · doi:10.3390/w16121749 · Cited by 26

Maximizing heavy metal removal and precious metal recovery with innovative biowaste-derived biosorbents and biochar

Murtaza, B., Arshad, R., Kinza, M., Wang, J., Shahid, M. A. R., Imran, M., Shah, N. S., Ali, Q., Iqbal, J., & Han, C. (2024) · Process Safety and Environmental Protection · doi:10.1016/j.psep.2024.12.013 · Cited by 26

Carbon-based Composites for Environmental Clean-up: Advances in Biochar, g-C3N4, Graphene Oxide and CNTs

Bhattacharjee, B., Mishra, S. R., Gadore, V., & Ahmaruzzaman, M. (2024) · Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers · doi:10.1016/j.jtice.2024.105918 · Cited by 26

A bibliographic study of biochar and hydrochar: Differences and similarities

Cognigni, P., Leonelli, C., & Berrettoni, M. (2025) · Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis · doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2025.106985 · Cited by 26

Mild hydrothermally treated brewer's spent grain for efficient removal of uranyl and rare earth metal ions

Su, Y., Böhm, W., Wenzel, M., Paasch, S., Acker, M., Doert, T., Brunner, E., Henle, T., & Weigand, J. J. (2020) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d0ra08164g · Cited by 26

Unlocking integrated waste biorefinery approach by predicting calorific value of waste biomass

Waqas, M., Nizami, A., Aburiazaiza, A. S., Jabeen, F., Arikan, O. A., Anees, A., Hussain, F., Javed, M. H., & Rehan, M. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.116943 · Cited by 26

Biochar Amendment Effects on Microstructure Resistance of a Sandy Loam Soil Under Oscillatory Stress

Alves, A. R., Holthusen, D., Reichert, J. M., Sarfaraz, Q., & da Silva, L. S. (2021) · Journal of soil science and plant nutrition · doi:10.1007/s42729-021-00414-2 · Cited by 25

Surface-engineered biochar: Recent advances in modification strategies for environmental remediation and energy applications

Chai, W. S., Aslam, A. A., Li, X., Wu, T., & Pang, C. H. (2025) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2025.117951 · Cited by 27

Effects of Metal Ions, Metal, and Metal Oxide Particles on the Synthesis of Hydrochars

Saadattalab, V., Wang, X., Szego, A. E., & Hedin, N. (2020) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.9b03926 · Cited by 25

Thermochemical pretreatments of maize stem for sugar recovery: Comparative evaluation of microwave and conventional heating

Zhu, Z., Liu, Y., Gomez, L. D., Wei, T., Yang, X., Simister, R., McQueen‐Mason, S. J., & MacQuarrie, D. J. (2020) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.113106 · Cited by 25

Bio-silica production from rice husk for environmental remediation: Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions

Villota-Enríquez, M. D., & Páez, J. E. R. (2023) · Materials Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2023.127671 · Cited by 25

Physicochemical properties and performance of non-woody derived biochars for the sustainable removal of aquatic pollutants: A systematic review

Murtaza, G., Ahmed, Z., Usman, M., Iqbal, R., Zulfiqar, F., Tariq, A., & Ditta, A. (2024) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142368 · Cited by 28

Ecological consequences of biochar and hydrochar amendments in soil: assessing environmental impacts and influences

Kravchenko, E., Cruz, T. L. D., Chen, X. W., & Wong, M. H. (2024) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-024-33807-8 · Cited by 25

Supercapacitor performance of corn stover-derived biocarbon produced from the solid co-products of a hydrothermal liquefaction process

Shell, K. M., Rodene, D. D., Amar, V. S., Thakkar, A., Maddipudi, B., Kumar, S., Shende, R. V., & Gupta, R. B. (2021) · Bioresource Technology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100625 · Cited by 24

Considerations on factors affecting biochar densification behavior based on a multiparameter model

Riva, L., Wang, L., Ravenni, G., Bartocci, P., Buø, T. V., Skreiberg, Ø., Fantozzi, F., & Nielsen, H. K. (2021) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.119893 · Cited by 26

Production of value-added hydrochar from single-mode microwave hydrothermal carbonization of oil palm waste for de-chlorination of domestic water

Yek, P. N. Y., Liew, R. K., Mahari, W. A. W., Peng, W., Sonne, C., Kong, S. H., Tabatabaei, M., Aghbashlo, M., Park, Y., & Lam, S. S. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154968 · Cited by 24

Simultaneous production of nutritional compounds and hydrochar from Chlorella pyrenoidosa via hydrothermal process

Farobie, O., Anis, L. A., Fatrıasarı, W., Karimah, A., Nurcahyani, P. R., Rahman, D. Y., Nafisyah, A. L., Amrullah, A., & Aziz, M. (2022) · Bioresource Technology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.biteb.2022.101245 · Cited by 24

Determination of Heavy Metals Immobilization by Chemical Fractions in Contaminated Soil Amended with Biochar

Barčauskaitė, K., Anne, O., Mockevičienė, I., Repšienė, R., Šiaudinis, G., & Karčauskienė, D. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15118677 · Cited by 25

Review on biochar as a sustainable green resource for the rehabilitation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil

Vadakkan, K., Sathishkumar, K., Raphael, R., Mapranathukaran, V. O., Mathew, J., & Jose, B. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173679 · Cited by 24

Correlating the chemical properties and bioavailability of dissolved organic matter released from hydrochar of walnut shells

Hu, Z., Shi, X., & Jiang, H. T. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130003 · Cited by 23

Cellulose/Biochar Cryogels: A Study of Adsorption Kinetics and Isotherms

Lazzari, L. K., Perondi, D., Zattera, A. J., & Santana, R. M. C. (2021) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00123 · Cited by 23

Use of hydrochar from hydrothermal co‑carbonization of rice straw and sewage sludge for Cr(VI) bioremediation in soil

Kavindi, G. A. G., Lei, Z., Yuan, T., Shimizu, K., & Zhang, Z. (2022) · Bioresource Technology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.biteb.2022.101052 · Cited by 23

Biochar-assisted water electrolysis for energy-saving hydrogen production: Evolution of corn straw-based biochar structure and its enhanced effect on Cr(VI) removal

Ying, Z., Du, Y., Gu, X., Yu, X., Zheng, X., Dou, B., & Cui, G. (2024) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2024.132277 · Cited by 22

A Mini Review of Biochar Synthesis, Characterization, and Related Standardization and Legislation

Adilla Rashidi, N., & Yusup, S. (2020) · Applications of Biochar for Environmental Safety · doi:10.5772/intechopen.92621 · Cited by 12

A stepwise microwave synergistic pyrolysis approach to produce sludge-based biochars: Optimizing and mechanism of heavy metals immobilization

Wang, C., Zhang, X., Wang, W., Sun, J., Mao, Y., Zhao, X., & Song, Z. (2021) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122770 · Cited by 22

A comparative study on adsorption of cadmium and lead by hydrochars and biochars derived from rice husk and Zizania latifolia straw

Zhang, X., Gao, Z., Fan, X., Li, T., Jiang, Y., Zheng, W., Han, F. X., & Liang, Y. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-20263-5 · Cited by 23

Comparison of the performance of hydrochar, raw biomass, and pyrochar as precursors to prepare porous biochar for the efficient sorption of phthalate esters

Zhang, X., Zhang, J., She, Y., Li, Y., Cheng, H., Ji, R., Bian, Y., Han, J., Jiang, X., Song, Y., et al. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157511 · Cited by 22

Applications of Hydrochar and Charcoal in the Iron and Steelmaking Industry—Part 1: Characterization of Carbonaceous Materials

Lu, Y., Yang, H., Karasev, A., Wang, C., & Jönsson, P. G. (2022) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su14159488 · Cited by 22

Application of biowaste and nature-inspired (nano)materials in fuel cells

Jaleh, B., Nasri, A., Eslamipanah, M., Nasrollahzadeh, M., Advani, J. H., Fornasiero, P., & Gawande, M. B. (2023) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/d2ta09732j · Cited by 22

Comparison of microalgal hydrochar and pyrochar: production, physicochemical properties, and environmental application

Park, C., & Kim, E. J. (2023) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-023-31317-7 · Cited by 22

Biochar and Fe2+ mediation in hydrogen production by water electrolysis: Effects of physicochemical properties of biochars

Hu, B., Xu, L., Li, Y., Sun, F., Wang, Z., Yang, M., Zhang, Y., Kong, W., Shen, B., Wang, X., et al. (2024) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2024.131275 · Cited by 25

Hydrothermal synthesis of high specific capacitance electrode material using porous bagasse biomass carbon hosting MnO2 nanospheres

Xiong, S., He, Y., Zhang, X., Wu, B., Chu, J., Wang, X., Zhang, R., Gong, M., Li, Z., & Chen, Z. (2019) · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · doi:10.1007/s13399-019-00525-y · Cited by 22

Development of biochar from the refuse derived fuel (RDF) through organic / inorganic sludge mixed with rice straw and coconut shell

Shangdiar, S., Lin, Y., Cheng, P.-C., Chou, F.-C., & Wu, W.-D. (2020) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2020.119151 · Cited by 21

Hydrothermal Carbon as Reactive Fillers to Produce Sustainable Biocomposites with Aromatic Bio-Based Epoxy Resins

Bejenari, I., Dinu, R., Montes, S., Volf, I., & Mija, A. (2021) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym13020240 · Cited by 21

Review of biochar structure and physicochemical properties

Zhang, W., Xiu, L., Di, W. U., Sun, Y., Wen-Qi, G. U., Zhang, H., Jun, M. E. N. G., & Chen, W. (2020) · ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1006.2021.02021 · Cited by 22

Considerations for evaluating innovative stormwater treatment media for removal of dissolved contaminants of concern with focus on biochar

Kaya, D., Croft, K., Pamuru, S. T., Yuan, C., Davis, A. P., & Kjellerup, B. V. (2022) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135753 · Cited by 23

Efficient anodic biochar oxidation over three-dimensional self-support nickel-iron nanosheet on nickel foam in biochar-assisted water electrolysis for hydrogen production

Du, Y., Ying, Z., Zheng, X., Dou, B., & Cui, G. (2022) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.10.004 · Cited by 21

Reducing cement consumption in mortars by waste-derived hydrochars

Santos, M. M., Sierra, A. L. M., Amado-Fierro, Á., Suárez, M., Blanco, F., González-LaFuente, J. M., Diez, M. A., & Centeno, T. A. (2023) · Journal of Building Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2023.106987 · Cited by 21

Machine learning-based modeling of malachite green adsorption on hydrochar derived from hydrothermal fulvification of wheat straw

Kohzadi, S., Marzban, N., Zandsalimi, Y., Godini, K., Amini, N., Shivaraju, H. P., Lee, S., Zandi, S., Ebrahimi, R., & Maleki, A. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21258 · Cited by 21

Novel strategy of incorporating biochar in solid-state fermentation for enhancing erythritol production by forming “microzones”

Liu, X., Wang, Z., Yan, Y., Yu, X., Zhao, P., Wang, X., Hu, L., Xu, J., & Xu, J. (2020) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123141 · Cited by 21

Raw material of water-washed hydrochar was critical for the mitigation of GHGI in infertile paddy soil: a column experiment

Wu, Y., Hou, P., Guo, Z. C., Sun, H., Li, D., Xue, L., Feng, Y., Yu, S., Yang, L., & Xing, B. (2021) · Biochar · doi:10.1007/s42773-021-00094-2 · Cited by 20

Analyzing the influence of feedstock selection in pyrolysis on aviation gas turbine engines: A study on performance, combustion efficiency, and emission profiles

Gunerhan, A., Altuntaş, Ö., & Çalışkan, H. (2024) · Energy · doi:10.1016/j.energy.2024.132513 · Cited by 20

Bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil based on both toxicity risk control and hydrocarbon removal—progress and prospect

Wu, M., Feng, S., Liu, Z., & Tang, S. (2024) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-024-34614-x · Cited by 24

Valorization of waste biomass towards biochar production – Characterization and perspectives for sustainable applications in Serbia

Panić, S., Đurišić‐Mladenović, N., Petronijević, M., Stijepović, I., Milanović, M., Kozma, G., & Kukovecz, Á. (2025) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2025.104043 · Cited by 20

Holistic Comparison of Hydrothermal Carbonization versus Slow Pyrolysis for Biochar Production: Techno-economic Analysis and Life Cycle Assessment

Li, Q., & Jin, Q. (2025) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c02249 · Cited by 21

Balancing Waste and Nutrient Flows Between Urban Agglomerations and Rural Ecosystems: Biochar for Improving Crop Growth and Urban Air Quality in The Mediterranean Region

Zabaniotou, A. A., & Stamou, K. (2020) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos11050539 · Cited by 22

Addition of Different Biochars as Catalysts during the Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Mixed Wastewater Sludge

Chiappero, M., Cillerai, F., Berruti, F., Mašek, O., & Fiore, S. (2021) · Catalysts · doi:10.3390/catal11091094 · Cited by 20

Exploring the Properties and Potential Uses of Biocarbon from Spent Coffee Grounds: A Comparative Look at Dry and Wet Processing Methods

Yang, J., Zhao, Z., Hu, Y., Abbey, L., Cesarino, I., Goonetilleke, A., & He, Q. S. (2023) · Processes · doi:10.3390/pr11072099 · Cited by 24

Comparative assessment of phosphate adsorption properties and mechanisms on Mg/Al-engineered sewage sludge biochar in aqueous solution

Elkhlifi, Z., Lahori, A. H., Shahib, I. I., Iftikhar, J., Wang, S., He, L., Meili, L., Gendy, E. A., Sharma, P., & Chen, Z. (2023) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104443 · Cited by 20

REE recovery and hydrochar production from a hyperaccumulator by microwave-assisted hydrothermal carbonization

Li, S., & Zhang, W. (2024) · Minerals Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2024.108595 · Cited by 20

Adsorption of Ammonium, Nitrate, and Phosphate on Hydrochars and Biochars

Trazzi, P. A., Vashishtha, M., Najser, J., Schmalenberger, A., Kumar, K. V., Leahy, J. J., & Kwapiński, W. (2024) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app14062280 · Cited by 24

Thermally activated mango peels hydrochar for fixed-bed continuous flow decontamination of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution

Rind, I. K., Memon, N., Khuhawar, M. Y., & Lanjwani, M. F. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s13762-021-03272-8 · Cited by 20

The difference in the CO 2 adsorption capacities of different functionalized pillar-layered metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)

Gao, X., & Zheng, H. (2021) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/d1dt00498k · Cited by 20

New Intensification Strategies for the Direct Conversion of Real Biomass into Platform and Fine Chemicals: What Are the Main Improvable Key Aspects?

Antonetti, C., Licursi, D., & Galletti, A. M. R. (2020) · Catalysts · doi:10.3390/catal10090961 · Cited by 19

Biochar as a Biocompatible Mild Anti‐Inflammatory Supplement for Animal Feed and Agricultural Fields

Yıldızlı, G., Coral, G., & Ayaz, F. (2021) · Chemistry & Biodiversity · doi:10.1002/cbdv.202001002 · Cited by 21

An entropy-based TOPSIS approach for selecting best suitable rice husk for potential energy applications: pyrolysis kinetics and characterization of rice husk and rice husk ash

Nayak, P. P., & Datta, A. (2022) · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · doi:10.1007/s13399-022-02824-3 · Cited by 19

Hydrochar mediated anaerobic digestion of bio-wastes: Advances, mechanisms and perspectives

Xu, Q., Yang, G., Liu, X., Wong, J. W. C., & Zhao, J. L. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163829 · Cited by 22

Enhanced denitrification performance of electrotrophic bio-cathode mediated by biochar and potential microbial mechanism

Tang, M., Lu, F., Guo, Z., Yao, S., Ma, S., & Yang, Y. (2024) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2024.105071 · Cited by 19

Soil application of activated hydrochar derived from sewage sludge enhances plant growth and reduces nitrogen loss

Gebretsadkan, A. A., Belete, Y. Z., Krounbi, L., Gelfand, I., Bernstein, R., & Gross, A. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174965 · Cited by 19

Electrochemical upcycling of biochar particles at anode-electrolyte interface in biochar-assisted water electrolysis for hydrogen production

Ying, Z., Chen, X., Gu, X., Sun, H., Zheng, X., Dou, B., & Cui, G. (2024) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2024.155681 · Cited by 19

Manure derived hydrochar reduced phosphorus loss risk via an alteration of phosphorus fractions and diversified microbial community in rice paddy soil

Ding, S., Li, J., Wang, Y., He, S., Xie, H., Fu, H., Feng, Y., Shaheen, S. M., Rinklebe, J., & Xue, L. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170582 · Cited by 18

Enhanced Degradation of Ddt Using a Novel Iron -Assisted Hydrochar Catalyst Combined with Peroxymonosulfate: Experiment and Mechanism Analysis

Dang, M., Chen, D., Lu, P., & Xu, G. (2022) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135893 · Cited by 18

Closing the Nutrient Loop—The New Approaches to Recovering Biomass Minerals during the Biorefinery Processes

Constantinescu-Aruxandei, D., & Oancea, F. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20032096 · Cited by 20

Recent Advancements in Biochar and its Composite for the Remediation of Hazardous Pollutants

Verma, A., Sharma, G., Kumar, A., Dhiman, P., & Stadler, F. J. (2024) · Current Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0115734110286724240318051113 · Cited by 18

Applications of charcoal, activated charcoal, and biochar in aquaculture – A review

Wong, C. F., Saif, U. M., Chow, K. L., Wong, J. T. F., Chen, X. W., Liang, Y., Cheng, Z., Tsang, Y. F., Wong, M. H., & Man, Y. B. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172574 · Cited by 18

Molecular fractionation mediates genotoxicity evolution of hydrochar-derived dissolved organic matter at the iron oxyhydroxides-water interface

Liu, Y., Yang, H., Gao, S., Li, Z.-H., Hu, Y., Zheng, X., & Sheng, G. (2024) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2024.122584 · Cited by 19

Adsorption of Methylene Blue onto Novel Biochars Prepared from Magnolia grandiflora Linn Fallen Leaves at Three Pyrolysis Temperatures

Ji, B., Zhu, L. H., Song, H., Chen, W., Guo, S., & Chen, F. (2019) · Water Air & Soil Pollution · doi:10.1007/s11270-019-4330-7 · Cited by 18

Dispose of Chinese cabbage waste via hydrothermal carbonization: hydrochar characterization and its potential as a soil amendment

Chen, X., Zhang, J., Lin, Q., Li, G., & Zhao, X. (2022) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-022-22359-4 · Cited by 18

Microstructural investigation of the unsaturated hydraulic properties of hydrochar-amended soils

Dong, H., Leung, A. K., Liu, J., Chen, R., & Lui, W. (2024) · Acta Geotechnica · doi:10.1007/s11440-024-02254-7 · Cited by 20

Biochar for wastewater treatment: Addressing contaminants and enhancing sustainability: Challenges and solutions

Alshehri, M. A., & Pugazhendhi, A. (2024) · Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances · doi:10.1016/j.hazadv.2024.100504 · Cited by 22

Adsorptive removal of gaseous contaminants using biomass-based adsorbents

Adegoke, K. A., Okon-Akan, O. A., Adebusuyi, T. A., Adewuyi, O. I., Adu, P. O., Bamisaye, A., Adegoke, O. R., Babarinde, C. O., & Bello, O. S. (2025) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d4ra08572h · Cited by 21

Hydrothermal treatment of metal impregnated biomass for the generation of H2 and nanometal carbon hybrids

Kumar, A., & Reddy, S. N. (2021) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2021.112536 · Cited by 17

Synthesis and Characterization of Hydrochar and Bio-oil from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sargassum sp. using Choline Chloride (ChCl) Catalyst

Rustamaji, H., Prakoso, T., Rizkiana, J., Devianto, H., Widiatmoko, P., & Guan, G. (2022) · International Journal of Renewable Energy Development · doi:10.14710/ijred.2022.42595 · Cited by 17

Insights into the evolution of chemical structure and pyrolysis reactivity of PVC-derived hydrochar during hydrothermal carbonization

Zhang, L., Wang, Q., Xu, F., & Wang, Z. (2023) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d3ra04986h · Cited by 17

Engineered hydrochar production methodologies, key factors influencing agriculture wastewater treatment, and life cycle analysis: A critical review

Rodriguez-Narvaez, O. M., Nadarajah, K., Suárez-Toriello, V. A., Bandala, E. R., & Goonetilleke, A. (2023) · Journal of Water Process Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.104483 · Cited by 18

Effect of wood and peanut shell hydrochars on the desiccation cracking characteristics of clayey soils

Kravchenko, E., Cruz, T. L. D., Sushkova, S., & Rajput, V. D. (2024) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142134 · Cited by 18

Thermal decomposition kinetics of dairy manure hydrochars

Mainali, K., Sarker, M. I. M., Mullen, C. A., Sharma, B. K., Yadav, M. P., Ngo, H. L., & Garcia-Perez, M. (2025) · Journal of the Energy Institute · doi:10.1016/j.joei.2025.102088 · Cited by 17

Semi-continuous anaerobic digestion of mixed wastewater sludge with biochar addition

Chiappero, M., Berruti, F., Mašek, O., & Fiore, S. (2021) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125664 · Cited by 17

Introduction of a Zn-based metal–organic framework @ biomass porous activated carbon as a high-sensitive coating for a stainless steel SPME fiber: application to the simultaneous analysis of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Pasandideh, Y., & Razmi, H. (2022) · BMC Chemistry · doi:10.1186/s13065-022-00818-w · Cited by 16

Is there interaction between forestry residue and crop residue in co-pyrolysis? Evidence from wood sawdust and peanut shell

Nie, Y., Deng, M., Shan, M., & Yang, X. (2023) · Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry · doi:10.1007/s10973-022-11910-7 · Cited by 15

Insights on butyl levulinate bio-blendstock: From model sugars to paper mill waste cellulose as feedstocks for a sustainable catalytic butanolysis process

Galletti, A. M. R., Lorè, R., Licursi, D., Fidio, N. D., Antonetti, C., & Fulignati, S. (2023) · Catalysis Today · doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114054 · Cited by 16

Synergistic S-doped biomass carbon and N-doped carbon for construction of interlayer expanded MoS2 core/shell nanospheres for potassium and sodium storage

Huang, H., Zhao, L., Zheng, Z., Xie, D., Liu, P., Mai, Y., & Cheng, F. (2023) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142626 · Cited by 16

Laccase Immobilization on Activated Carbon from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Corn Cob

Borges, J. F., Nascimento, P. A., Alves, A. N., Santos, M. P. F., Brito, M. J. P., Bonomo, R. C. F., Santos, L. S., & Veloso, C. M. (2023) · Waste and Biomass Valorization · doi:10.1007/s12649-023-02160-1 · Cited by 16

Sludge-derived hydrochar as a potential electrocatalyst for improved CO 2 reduction in microbial electrosynthesis

Thulluru, L. P., Dhanda, A., Doki, M. M., Ghangrekar, M. M., & Chowdhury, S. (2024) · RSC Sustainability · doi:10.1039/d4su00523f · Cited by 16

Microalgae-Based Strategies for Soil Health and Crop Productivity: Mechanisms, Challenges, and Pathways to Climate-Resilient Agriculture

Kabato, W., Hailegnaw, N. S., Chaffamo, T. E., Samuel, A. D., Silva, A. G. S. D. D., & Molnár, Z. (2025) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy15112669 · Cited by 18

Biochar Derived from Treated Lotus Stem and Adsorption of Phthalic Acid Esters

Zhang, R., Chen, L., Qiu, B., Sun, X., Qin, S., Wang, B., Li, F., Zhao, L., & Zhu, Z. M. (2021) · Water Air & Soil Pollution · doi:10.1007/s11270-021-05130-2 · Cited by 15

Sustainable management of campus fallen leaves through low-temperature pyrolysis and application in Pb immobilization

Tan, R., Li, K., Sun, Y. L., Fan, X., Shen, Z., & Tang, L. (2023) · Journal of Environmental Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jes.2023.05.043 · Cited by 15

Simultaneously enhancing the efficiency of As (III) and Cd removal by iron-modified biochar: Oxidative enhancement, and selective adsorption of As (III)

Yan, C., Yin, H., Yuan, Y., Ouyang, X., & Lou, K. (2025) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2025.116508 · Cited by 14

Biochar and Hydrochar from Organic Side-Streams Induce Species-Specific Responses in Plants

Hagner, M., Salmela, M. J., Ahmadi, S., Yaah, V. B. K., Ojala, S., Laitinen, T., & Hiltunen, L. H. (2025) · Journal of soil science and plant nutrition · doi:10.1007/s42729-025-02529-2 · Cited by 14

A comprehensive and in-depth review of the latest advances in adsorption-based carbon capture under humid conditions

Mohiuddin, N., Vel, V., Vibhandik, J., Velagala, S. K. R., Singh, S. A., & Sreedhar, I. (2025) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2025.135900 · Cited by 14

Soil Amendments and Biostimulants from the Hydrothermal Processing of Spent Coffee Grounds

Massaya, J., Mills-Lamptey, B., & Chuck, C. J. (2022) · Waste and Biomass Valorization · doi:10.1007/s12649-022-01697-x · Cited by 14

Divergent effects of food waste derived hydrochar on hydraulic properties and infiltration in a sandy soil

Xu, H., Shan, Y., Ling, N., Ren, L., Qu, H., Liu, Z., & Xu, G. (2023) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.130267 · Cited by 14

Rare Earth Element Recovery and Hydrochar Evaluation from Hyperaccumulator by Acid Leaching and Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Carbonization

Li, S., Ji, B., & Zhang, W. (2024) · Minerals · doi:10.3390/min14030277 · Cited by 14

Function–Structure–Synthesis: Machine Learning Enabled Closed-Loop Design of Biomass-Derived Porous Carbon Materials

Sun, X., Li, R., Zhang, B., Wang, H., Cheng, Y., Guan, J., Liu, Q., & Chen, X. (2025) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.4c08492 · Cited by 14

Using analytical pyrolysis and scanning electron microscopy to evaluate charcoal formation of four wood taxa from the caatinga of north-east Brazil

Tamburini, D., Cartwright, C., Gasson, P., Łucejko, J. J., & Leme, C. L. D. (2020) · Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis · doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2020.104909 · Cited by 14

Use of plant-based sorbents and mycodegradation for the elimination of endocrine disrupting chemicals from soil: A novel facile and low-cost method

Loffredo, E., & Parlavecchia, M. (2021) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2021.101358 · Cited by 14

Ex situ evaluation of the effects of biochars on environmental and toxicological availabilities of metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Janus, A., Waterlot, C., Douay, F., & Pelfrêne, A. (2019) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-019-06764-w · Cited by 15

Self-redox reaction of carbon in molten salt for anode materials of lithium/sodium-ion batteries

Zhao, H., Song, Q., Chen, D., Xie, H., & Ning, Z. (2022) · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.164711 · Cited by 14

Hydrochar: A Review on Its Production Technologies and Applications

Masoumi, S., Borugadda, V. B., Nanda, S., & Dalai, A. K. (2021) · Catalysts · doi:10.3390/catal11080939 · Cited by 363

Hydochar and biochar: Production, physicochemical properties and techno-economic analysis

Kumar, A., Saini, K., & Bhaskar, T. (2020) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123442 · Cited by 298

Environmental sustainability-based comparison for production, properties, and applications of biochar and hydrochar

Liu, M., Kavindi, G. A. G., & Lei, Z. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91873-2.00012-1 · Cited by 6

Nanostructured Biochar: Production Pathways and Applications

Mellalou, A., Outzourhit, A., & Baçaoui, A. (2020) · NATO science for peace and security series. B, Physics and biophysics · doi:10.1007/978-94-024-2018-0_14 · Cited by 2

Production and utilization of biochar: A review

Cha, J. S., Park, S. H., Jung, S.-C., Ryu, C., Jeon, J.-K., Shin, M.-C., & Park, Y.-K. (2016) · Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2016.06.002 · Cited by 1,293