Biochar as both electron donor and electron shuttle for the reduction transformation of Cr(VI) during its sorption
Abstract
Biochar has been demonstrated to be a promising sorbent and its redox activity can be involved in environmentally relevant redox reactions. In this study, the electron transfer for the reduction transformation of Cr(VI) during its sorption by biochar were evaluated. Biochar derived from peanut shell at 350 °C could effectively remove Cr(VI) from solutions, accompanied by the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) which was more obvious at the strong acidity (pH = 2), compared to that at the weak acidity (pH = 4). The O-containing functional groups, e.g. CO and CO, were the electron donor moieties of biochar for the Cr(VI) reduction. Biochar could also act as electron shuttle, enhancing Cr(VI) reduction by lactate, especially at the weak acidity (pH = 4) where the reduction rates of Cr(VI) by lactate together with biochar were about 2 and 9 times higher than those by either biochar or lactate alone, respectively. The mediated electrochemical oxidation analysis showed that biochar could increase the electron donating capacity of lactate by up to 23 times at pH = 4. The O-centered radicals, e.g. semiquinone-type radicals, were related with biochar as electron shuttle, which was confirmed by the electron paramagnetic resonance analysis. As a result of electron acceptance from lactate and/or biochar, Cr(VI) was reduced into CrOOH evidenced by X-ray diffraction analysis. Our results indicated that biochar could act as both electron donor and electron shuttle for the reduction of Cr(VI) during the sorption process, making it an alternative for removal of toxic Cr(VI) from wastewaters.
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Another low-temperature peanut shell-derived biochar was found to potentially act as a concurrent electron donor and shuttle for the reduction of Cr(VI) with the help of various RAMs.
“another low-temperature peanut shell-derived biochar was found to potentially act as concurrent electron donor and shuttle for the reduction of Cr(VI)”
From Sustainable remediation with an electroactive biochar system: mechanisms and perspectives (2020) · cites this paper as [175]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Xu, X., Huang, H., Zhang, Y., Xu, Z., & Cao, X.
- Affiliations
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Cao, Xinde
- Venue
- Environmental Pollution
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-01
- Volume
- 244
- Pages
- 423-430
- ISSN
- 0269-7491 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2896009757
- Cited by
- 414
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 42 · 2025: 48 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 15.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Environmental Pollution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (21537002, 21607099, 21777095)
- National Major Water Special Project of China (2017ZX07204002)
- Science and Technology Committee of Shanghai, China (17DZ1202302)
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M600317)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chromium effects and bioremediation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Keywords
- biochar, hexavalent chromium, hexavalent chromium reduction, electron shuttles, electron donors, peanut shell biochar, lactate, redox activity, semiquinone, Cr(III) formation, chromium adsorption, wastewater treatment, pH effect
- MeSH terms
- Adsorption, Charcoal, Chromium, Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Electron Transport, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Oxidation-Reduction, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Water Purification, Wastewater
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