Maximizing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor electrodes from plastic waste
Open accessAbstract
The management of the increasing volume of plastic waste has become a key challenge for society. A promising strategy now consists in the transformation of plastic waste into high-value materials that can be utilized in energy storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors. In this study, we demonstrate a two-step procedure, involving pyrolysis, followed by chemical activation that will convert common plastic waste into activated carbons (ACs). This technique makes ACs suitable for supercapacitor electrode materials. Further, the electrochemical performance of ACs is outstanding in terms of capacitance, energy density, and cycling stability. Besides the well-established parameters, including a specific surface area and micropore volume, we found that other critical factors such as polymer glass transition temperature, polymer-activating agent miscibility, activating agent (K2CO3):AC ratio, and AC water dispersion stability also play a crucial role in determining the supercapacitors performance. Controlling these parameters, we obtained ACs as supercapacitor electrodes from a range of plastic waste materials with a competitive electrochemical performance. Specifically, the ACs exhibited a specific capacitance of 220 F g−1 (at a current density of 1 A g−1), energy and power densities of 61.1 Wh kg−1 and 36.9 kW kg−1, respectively, and excellent cycling stability (95 % retention after 30,000 cycles). Our findings provide a pathway towards transforming plastic waste into valuable electrode materials for supercapacitors.
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Dedek and colleagues converted various plastic waste types (PE, PP, PES, PS, PA, PET, ABS, PU) into porous carbons via a two-step process of pyrolysis followed by chemical activation, and all electrode materials prepared by this method exhibited good performance.
“Experimental results showed that all electrode materials prepared by this method exhibited good performance.”
From Functional carbon materials from waste plastics: synthesis and applications (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAmong the converted plastic-derived carbons, C-PA demonstrated a specific capacitance of 220 F/g at 1 A/g, energy and power densities of 61.1 Wh/kg and 36.9 kW/kg, respectively, and outstanding cycling stability (95% retention after 30,000 cycles).
“Among them, the C-PA material demonstrated a specific capacitance of 220 F/g (at 1 A/g), energy and power densities of 61.1 Wh/kg and 36.9 kW/kg, respectively, and outstanding cycling stability (95% retention after 30,000 cycles).”
From Functional carbon materials from waste plastics: synthesis and applications (2025) · cites this paper as [130]
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- Authors
- Dědek, I., Bartusek, S., Dvořáček, J. J., Nečas, J., Petruš, J., Jakubec, P., Kupka, V., & Otyepka, M.
- Affiliations
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (CZ)
- VSB - Technical University of Ostrava (CZ)
- Central European Institute of Technology (CZ)
- Corresponding author
- Jakubec, Petr
- Kupka, Vojtěch
- Otyepka, Michal
- Venue
- Journal of Energy Storage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2023-11
- Volume
- 72
- Pages
- 108660
- ISSN
- 2352-152X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4385924971
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 5
- FWCI
- 1.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Energy Storage (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DSpace VŠB-TUO (VŠB-TUO) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Brno University of Technology Digital Library (Brno University of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci (IGA_PrF_2023_018)
- European Regional Development Fund (CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000754)
- Ministerstvo Školství, Mládeže a Tělovýchovy (LM2023066)
- European Social Fund
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › MXene and MAX Phase Materials
- Keywords
- plastic waste, supercapacitor electrodes, activated carbon, pyrolysis, chemical activation, potassium carbonate, specific capacitance, energy density, cycling stability, waste valorization
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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