Transforming polystyrene waste into 3D hierarchically porous carbon for high-performance supercapacitors
Abstract
Polystyrene (PS) is usually discarded as a solid waste after a short lifespan. Thus the disposal of waste PS is an inevitably worldwide issue because of their stable and non-biodegradable nature. Herein, a facile method was proposed to carbonize PS waste into novel three-dimensional (3D) hierarchically porous carbon using Fe 2 O 3 particles as both catalyst and template. Furthermore, KOH activation was applied to generate microporous and mesopores on the wall of macropores. As a result, the obtained 3D hierarchically porous carbon exhibits a high specific capacitance of 284.1 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 and good rate performance of 198 F g-1 at 20 A g-1 in a three-electrode device. Moreover, the assembled symmetrical capacitor displays a high energy density of 19.2 W h kg-1 at the power density of 200.7 W kg-1 in aqueous electrolyte. Therefore, the present research develops a sustainable way to recycle waste plastics into 3D hierarchically porous carbon for supercapacitors.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Using iron oxide simultaneously as catalyst and template combined with KOH activation converts polystyrene waste into three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon (3DHPC).
“For example, Ma and colleagues used iron oxide simultaneously as both catalyst and template, combined with KOH activation, to convert polystyrene waste into three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon (3DHPC) (Fig. 7a) [71] .”
From Functional carbon materials from waste plastics: synthesis and applications (2025) · cites this paper as [71]
Employing a urea-based nitrogen-doping strategy further enhanced the porosity, yielding a high-performance material (U-3DHPC).
“Employing a urea-based nitrogen-doping strategy further enhanced the porosity, yielding a high-performance material (U-3DHPC).”
From Functional carbon materials from waste plastics: synthesis and applications (2025) · cites this paper as [71]
Cites
Carbon-Based Supercapacitors Produced by Activation of Graphene
Zhu, Y., Murali, S., Stoller, M. D., Ganesh, K. J., Cai, W., Ferreira, P. J., Pirkle, A. R., Wallace, R. M., Cychosz, K. A., Thommes, M., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1200770 · Cited by 6,134 · see citing works
Where do batteries end and supercapacitors begin?
Simon, P., Gogotsi, Y., & Dunn, B. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1249625 · Cited by 5,634 · see citing works
Electrochemical Capacitors for Energy Management
Miller, J. R., & Simon, P. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1158736 · Cited by 4,840 · see citing works
Anomalous Increase in Carbon Capacitance at Pore Sizes Less Than 1 Nanometer
Chmiola, J., Yushin, G. N., Gogotsi, Y. G., Portet, C., Simon, P., & Taberna, P. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1132195 · Cited by 4,028 · see citing works
Mechanical and chemical recycling of solid plastic waste
Ragaert, K., Delva, L., & Van Geem, K. (2017) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2017.07.044 · Cited by 3,276 · see citing works
KOH activation of carbon-based materials for energy storage
Wang, J., & Kaskel, S. (2012) · Journal of Materials Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c2jm34066f · Cited by 2,734 · see citing works
A review of chemical vapour deposition of graphene on copper
Mattevi, C., Kim, H., & Chhowalla, M. (2010) · Journal of Materials Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c0jm02126a · Cited by 1,456 · see citing works
Deng, Y., Xie, Y., Zou, K., & Ji, X. (2015) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/c5ta08620e · Cited by 995 · see citing works
Carbon-based supercapacitors for efficient energy storage
Chen, X., Paul, R., & Dai, L. (2017) · National Science Review · doi:10.1093/nsr/nwx009 · Cited by 963 · see citing works
Self-citationBiomass derived carbon for energy storage devices
Wang, J., Nie, P., Ding, B., Dong, S., Hao, X., Dou, H., & Zhang, X. (2016) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/c6ta08742f · Cited by 809 · see citing works
Hydrophilic Hierarchical Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanocages for Ultrahigh Supercapacitive Performance
Zhao, J. W., Lai, H., Lyu, Z., Jiang, Y., Xie, K., Wang, X., Wu, Q., Yang, L., Jin, Z., Ma, Y., et al. (2015) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201500945 · Cited by 788 · see citing works
Recycling of Polymers: A Review
Ignatyev, I. A., Thielemans, W., & Vander Beke, B. (2014) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.201300898 · Cited by 753 · see citing works
Biomass-Derived Sponge-like Carbonaceous Hydrogels and Aerogels for Supercapacitors
Wu, X., Wen, T., Guo, H.-L., Yang, S., Wang, X., & Xu, A. (2013) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn400566d · Cited by 625 · see citing works
Growth of Graphene from Food, Insects, and Waste
Ruan, G., Sun, Z., Peng, Z., & Tour, J. M. (2011) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/nn202625c · Cited by 533 · see citing works
Wang, J., Liu, H., Sun, H., Hua, W., Wang, H., Liu, X., & Wei, B. (2017) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.10.084 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, Y., Wu, Y. J., Kong, L., Song, A., Qin, X., & Shao, G. (2017) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.11.050 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Solvent-based separation and recycling of waste plastics: A review
Zhao, Y., Lv, X., & Ni, H. (2018) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.095 · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Tailoring porosity in carbon materials for supercapacitor applications
Borchardt, L., Oschatz, M., & Kaskel, S. (2013) · Materials Horizons · doi:10.1039/c3mh00112a · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Recent progress in controlled carbonization of (waste) polymers
Gong, J., Chen, X., & Tang, T. (2019) · Progress in Polymer Science · doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.04.001 · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Self-citationZhao, Y., Ran, W., He, J. J., Song, Y., Zhang, C., Xiong, D.-B., Gao, F., Wu, J., & Xia, Y. (2014) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/am506815f · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Li, J., Michalkiewicz, B., Min, J., Ma, C., Chen, X., Gong, J., Mijowska, E., & Tang, T. (2018) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2018.11.204 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
Self-citationXu, F., Cai, R., Zeng, Q., Zou, C. W., Wu, D., Li, F., Lu, X., Liang, Y., & Fu, R. (2010) · Journal of Materials Chemistry · doi:10.1039/c0jm02044c · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Pang, J., Zhang, W., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, H., Cao, G., Han, M., & Yang, Y. (2018) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2018.02.077 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Synthesis of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic Combustion of Polypropylene
Tang, T., Chen, X., Meng, X., Chen, H., & Ding, Y. (2005) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition · doi:10.1002/anie.200461506 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, C., Yan, D., Luo, X., Gao, W., Huang, G., Han, Z., Zeng, Y., & Zhu, Z. (2018) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.7b16271 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Review of macroporous materials as electrochemical supercapacitor electrodes
Zhang, Y., Yu, S., Lou, G., Shen, Y., Chen, H., Shen, Z., Zhao, S., Zhang, J., Chai, S., & Zou, Q. (2017) · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1007/s10853-017-0955-3 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Chen, H., Xiong, Y., Yu, T., Zhu, P., Yan, X., Wang, Z., & Guan, S. (2016) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2016.11.035 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Liu, X., Ma, C., Li, J., Zielińska, B., Kalenczuk, R. J., Chen, X., Chu, P. K.-H., Tang, T., & Mijowska, E. (2018) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.11.032 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Self-citationWu, Z., Ji, W., Hu, B., Liang, H., Xu, X., Yu, Z., Li, B.-Y., & Yu, S. (2018) · Nano Energy · doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.06.071 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Veksha, A., Yin, K., Moo, J. G. S., Oh, W., Ahamed, A., Chen, W. Q., Weerachanchai, P., Giannis, A., & Lisak, G. (2019) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121256 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Song, Z., Li, L., Zhu, D., Miao, L., Duan, H., Wang, Z., Xiong, W., Lv, Y., Liu, M., & Gan, L. (2018) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/c8ta10406a · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Upcycling: Converting Waste Plastics into Paramagnetic, Conducting, Solid, Pure Carbon Microspheres
Pol, V. G. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es100243u · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Ahamed, A., Veksha, A., Yin, K., Weerachanchai, P., Giannis, A., & Lisak, G. (2019) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121449 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Upcycling Waste Polypropylene into Graphene Flakes on Organically Modified Montmorillonite
Gong, J., Liu, J., Wen, X., Jiang, Z., Chen, X., Mijowska, E., & Tang, T. (2014) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research · doi:10.1021/ie4043246 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, J., Jin, L., Cheng, J., & Hu, H. (2012) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2012.12.030 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Li, B., Cheng, Y., Dong, L., Wang, Y., Chen, J., Huang, C., Wei, D., Feng, Y., Jia, D., & Zhou, Y. (2017) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.07.009 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Gong, J., Michalkiewicz, B., Chen, X., Mijowska, E., Liu, J., Jiang, Z., Wen, X., & Tang, T. (2014) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/sc500603h · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationWen, Y., Kierzek, K., Chen, X., Gong, J., Liu, J., Niu, R., Mijowska, E., & Tang, T. (2019) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2019.03.006 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Self-citationZhang, H., Zhou, X., Shao, L., Lü, F., & He, P. (2019) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b04539 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Thangavel, R., Karthikeyan, K., Ramasamy, H. V., Sun, X. A., & Lee, Y. (2017) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.201700492 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Wen, X., Chen, X., Tian, N., Gong, J., Liu, J., Rümmeli, M. H., Chu, P. K.-H., Mijiwska, E., & Tang, T. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es404646e · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Self-citationTang, C., Liu, Y., Yang, D., Yang, M. J., & Li, H. (2017) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.07.007 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Sun, F., Gao, J., Yang, Y., Zhu, Y., Wang, L., Pi, X., Liu, X., Qu, Z., Wu, S., & Qin, Y. (2016) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2016.08.076 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationZhao, X., Zhan, L., Xie, B., & Gao, B. (2018) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.156 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Zhang, S., Shi, X., Wróbel, R. J., Chen, X., & Mijowska, E. (2018) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2018.10.111 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationFonseca, W. S., Meng, X., & Deng, D. (2015) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b00403 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Żwierełło, W., Maruszewska, A., Skórka-Majewicz, M., Goschorska, M., Baranowska‐Bosiacka, I., Dec, K., Styburski, D., Nowakowska, A., & Gutowska, I. (2019) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124901 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Carbon nanotubes from catalytic pyrolysis of polypropylene
Chung, Y.-H., & Jou, S. (2005) · Materials Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.01.023 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Gong, J., Liu, J., Jiang, Z., Feng, J., Chen, X., Wang, L., Mijowska, E., Wen, X., & Tang, T. (2013) · Applied Catalysis B: Environmental · doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.09.044 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh value activated carbons from waste polystyrene foams
de Paula, F. G. F., de Castro, M. C. M., Ortega, P. F. R., Blanco, C., Lavall, R. L., & Santamarı́a, R. (2018) · Microporous and Mesoporous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2018.03.027 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Pol, V. G., Pol, S. V., Moreno, J. M. C., & Gedanken, A. (2006) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2006.06.023 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Veksha, A., Giannis, A., Oh, W., Chang, V. W.-C., & Lisak, G. (2017) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.10.019 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Moo, J. G. S., Veksha, A., Oh, W., Giannis, A., Udayanga, W. D. C., Lin, S., Ge, L., & Lisak, G. (2019) · Electrochemistry Communications · doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2019.02.014 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Zhang, L., He, B., Li, W., & Lu, A. (2017) · Advanced Energy Materials · doi:10.1002/aenm.201701518 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Arena, U., Mastellone, M. L., Camino, G., & Boccaleri, E. (2005) · Polymer Degradation and Stability · doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.05.029 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Converting Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Waste into Carbon Microspheres in a Supercritical CO2 System
Wei, L., Yan, N., & Chen, Q. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es102431e · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Porous carbon derived from waste polystyrene foam for supercapacitor
Zhang, Y., Shen, Z., Yu, Y., Liu, L., Wang, G., & Chen, A. (2018) · Journal of Materials Science · doi:10.1007/s10853-018-2513-z · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Hearon, K., Nash, L. D., Rodriguez, J. N., Lonnecker, A. T., Raymond, J. E., Wilson, T. S., Wooley, K. L., & Maitland, D. J. (2013) · Advanced Materials · doi:10.1002/adma.201304370 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Bai, Q., Xiong, Q., Li, C., Shen, Y., & Uyama, H. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02488 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Zhao, Q., Wang, X., Xia, H., Liu, J., Wang, H., Gao, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, J., Zhou, H., Li, X., et al. (2015) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.096 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Waste Carton-Derived Nanocomposites for Efficient Removal of Hexavalent Chromium
Han, J., Zhang, G., Zhou, L., Zhan, F., Cai, D., & Wu, Z. (2018) · Langmuir · doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00225 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Zhou, J., Wang, M., & Li, X. (2018) · Applied Surface Science · doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.08.158 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Veksha, A., Giannis, A., Oh, W., & Lisak, G. (2018) · Chemical Engineering Science · doi:10.1016/j.ces.2018.06.014 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Synthesis of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes by Catalytic Combustion of Polypropylene
Tang, T., Chen, X., Meng, X., Chen, H., & Ding, Y. (2005) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.200461506 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationPolystyrene-based carbon spheres as electrode for electrochemical capacitors
Sun, G., Wang, J., Li, K., Li, Y., & Xie, L. (2011) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2011.10.067 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
A Porous Carbon with Excellent Gas Storage Properties from Waste Polystyrene
Gatti, G., Errahali, M., Tei, L., Mangano, E., Brandani, S., Cossi, M., & Marchese, L. (2019) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano9050726 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Heteroatom‐Doped Porous Carbon Nanosheets: General Preparation and Enhanced Capacitive Properties
Hao, X., Wang, J., Ding, B., Shen, L., Xu, Y., Wang, Y., Chang, Z., Dou, H., Lu, X., & Zhang, X. (2016) · Chemistry - A European Journal · doi:10.1002/chem.201602922 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Low-cost, facile synthesis of carbon nanosheets by thermal pyrolysis of polystyrene composite
Hong, N., Wang, B., Song, L., Hu, S., Tang, G., Wu, Y. S., & Hu, Y. Z. (2011) · Materials Letters · doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2011.08.018 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Fe modified mesoporous hollow carbon spheres for selective oxidation of ethylbenzene
Du, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, Y., Yu, Y., Gao, Y., & Chen, A. (2017) · Science China Materials · doi:10.1007/s40843-017-9137-7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Recent advances on preparation and environmental applications of MOF-derived carbons in catalysis
Hao, M., Qiu, M., Yang, H. Y., Hu, B., & Wang, X. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143333 · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Chakraborty, R., Vilya, K., Pradhan, M., & Nayak, A. K. (2022) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/d1ta10269a · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Design of highly microporous activated carbons based on walnut shell biomass for H2 and CO2 storage
Serafin, J., Dziejarski, B., Junior, O. F. C., & Sreńscek-Nazzal, J. (2022) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2022.09.013 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Sun, Y., Xu, D., & Wang, S. (2022) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2022.08.026 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Hayat, A., Sohail, M., Alzahrani, A. Y. A., Ali, H., Abu‐Dief, A. M., Amin, M. S., Alenad, A. M., AL-Mhyawi, S. R., Al‐Hadeethi, Y., Ajmal, Z., et al. (2024) · Progress in Materials Science · doi:10.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.101408 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Carbon fibers derived from commodity polymers: A review
Brown, K. R., Harrell, T. M., Skrzypczak, L., Scherschel, A., Wu, H. F., & Li, X. (2022) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2022.05.005 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Atchudan, R., Edison, T. N. J. I., Perumal, S., Vinodh, R., Babu, R. S., Sundramoorthy, A. K., Renita, A. A., & Lee, Y. R. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133225 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Plastic wastes derived carbon materials for green energy and sustainable environmental applications
Chen, Z., Wei, W., Ni, B.-J., & Chen, H. (2022) · Environmental Functional Materials · doi:10.1016/j.efmat.2022.05.005 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Upcycling Plastic Wastes into Value‐Added Products by Heterogeneous Catalysis
Tan, T., Wang, W., Zhang, K., Zhan, Z., Deng, W., Zhang, Q., & Wang, Y. (2022) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.202200522 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Upcycling Plastic Waste into High Value‐Added Carbonaceous Materials
Choi, J., Yang, I., Kim, S., Cho, S. Y., & Lee, S. (2021) · Macromolecular Rapid Communications · doi:10.1002/marc.202100467 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Characterization of activated biomass carbon from tea leaf for supercapacitor applications
Thirumal, V., Yuvakkumar, R., Ravi, G., Dineshkumar, G., Ganesan, M., Alotaibi, S. H., & Velauthapillai, D. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132931 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Conversion of waste plastics into value-added carbon materials
Luo, Y., Lin, X., Lichtfouse, E., Jiang, H., & Wang, C. (2023) · Environmental Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1007/s10311-023-01638-7 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Structure-oriented conversions of plastics to carbon nanomaterials
Ren, S., Xu, X., Hu, K., Tian, W., Duan, X., Yi, J., & Wang, S. (2022) · Carbon Research · doi:10.1007/s44246-022-00016-2 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Preparation of renewable porous carbons for CO2 capture – A review
Shen, Y. (2022) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2022.107437 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Chen, H.-R., Meng, W.-M., Wang, R., Chen, F., Li, T., Wang, D., Wang, F., Zhu, S., Wei, C., Lu, H., et al. (2022) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2022.01.028 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Supercapacitors production from waste: A new window for sustainable energy and waste management
Bhat, S. A., Kumar, V., Kumar, S., Atabani, A. E., Badruddin, I. A., & Chae, K. (2022) · Fuel · doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127125 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Silicate-assisted activation of biomass towards N-doped porous carbon sheets for supercapacitors
Du, J., Zhang, Y., Lv, H., & Chen, A. (2020) · Journal of Alloys and Compounds · doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.157091 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Min, J., Wen, X., Tang, T., Chen, X., Huo, K., Gong, J., Azadmanjiri, J., He, C., & Mijowska, E. (2020) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/d0cc03236k · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationFeng, J., Zhu, Q. H., Le, Q., Zhu, W., Song, B., Zhang, Z., & Lam, J. C. (2025) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2024.115178 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Chen, Y., Zhou, C., Liu, G., Kang, C., Ma, L., & Liu, Q. (2020) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/d0ta10489b · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Wu, Y. C., Cao, J., Zhuang, Q., Zhao, X.-Y., Zhou, Z., Wei, Y., Zhao, M., & Bai, H. (2021) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137825 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Sheng, Z., Lin, X., Wei, H., Zhang, Y., Tian, Z., Wang, C., Xu, D., & Wang, Y. (2021) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230629 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Liu, J., Zheng, Y., Hou, X., Feng, X., Jiang, K., & Wang, M. (2024) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2024.154013 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Haba, B., Djellali, S., Abdelouahed, Y., Boudjelida, S., Faleschini, F., & Carraro, M. (2025) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym17070881 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Supercapacitors in the Light of Solid Waste and Energy Management: A Review
Dutta, A., Mahanta, J., & Banerjee, T. (2020) · Advanced Sustainable Systems · doi:10.1002/adsu.202000182 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Cao, K., Zhang, S., Shi, Y., Diao, X., Wei, R., & Ji, N. (2025) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.5c03391 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Ren, S., Xu, X. G., Zhu, Z., Yang, Y., Tian, W., Hu, K., Zhong, S., Yi, J., Duan, X., & Wang, S. (2023) · Applied Catalysis B: Environmental · doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2023.123410 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Thirumal, V., Dhamodharan, K., Yuvakkumar, R., Ravi, G., Saravanakumar, B., Thambidurai, M., Dang, C., & Velauthapillai, D. (2021) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131033 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Waste plastic to energy storage materials: a state-of-the-art review
Tang, G., Qiao, W., Wang, Z., Liu, F., He, L., Liu, M., Huang, W., Wu, H., & Liu, C. (2023) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d2gc04927a · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Onajah, S., Sarkar, R., Islam, M. S., Lalley, M., Khan, K., Demir, M., Abdelhamid, H. N., & Farghaly, A. A. (2024) · The Chemical Record · doi:10.1002/tcr.202300234 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Azadmanjiri, J., Thuniki, N. R., Guzzetta, F., & Sofer, Z. (2021) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.202010320 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Impedance spectroscopy and conduction mechanism analysis of bulk nanostructure Prussian blue pellets
Nawar, A. M., & Alzharani, A. A. (2023) · Materials Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2023.128000 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Zhou, X., Zhu, L., Yang, Y., Xu, L., Qian, X., Zhou, J., Dong, W., & Jiang, M. (2022) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134552 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Waste to wealth: direct utilization of spent materials for electrocatalysis and energy storage
Yan, C., Jiang, X., Yu, J., Ding, Z., Ma, L., Su, T., Wang, Y., Wang, C., Huang, G., & Xu, S. (2023) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d3gc00323j · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Xia, Y., Jin, Y., Qi, J., Chen, H., Chen, G., & Tang, S. (2021) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2021.101659 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Wang, B., Li, Y., Gu, Z., Wang, H., Liu, X., Li, S., Chen, X., Liang, X., Jiang, Z., Ogino, K., et al. (2023) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2023.107776 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationWaste‐Derived Activated Carbon for Supercapacitors: Current Trends and Future Prospects
Rajput, S. S., Tyagi, V., Sonika, S., Nayak, R., & Verma, S. K. (2025) · Energy Technology · doi:10.1002/ente.202401977 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Mehta, J., Dilbaghi, N., Deep, A., Hai, F. I., Hassan, A. A., Kaushik, A. K., & Kumar, S. (2024) · Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119969 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Ma, C., Gong, J., Zhao, S., Liu, X., Mu, X., Wang, Y., Chen, X., & Tang, T. (2020) · Green Energy & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.gee.2020.12.004 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationRen, S., Xu, X., Hu, K., Zhong, S., Gao, Y., Johannessen, B., Ren, W., Zhou, H., Zhu, Z., Chen, Y., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-63648-z · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Udayakumar, M., Tóth, P., Wiinikka, H., Malhotra, J. S., Likozar, B., Gyergyek, S., Leskó, A. K., Thangaraj, R., & Németh, Z. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-16006-8 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
da Silva, E. P., Fragal, V. H., Fragal, E. H., Sequinel, T., Gorup, L. F., Silva, R., & Muniz, E. C. (2023) · Waste Management · doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.028 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Nayak, S. K., Saurabh, S., Kar, A., Sahoo, B. B., Sahoo, N. K., & Sahoo, P. K. (2022) · Materials Today Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.05.519 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Zhang, B., Jin, Y., Qi, J., Chen, H., Chen, G., & Tang, S. (2020) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2020.101343 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Recent advancements in the chemical recycling and biodegradation of post-consumer polystyrene waste
Lei, H., Wang, Z., Li, S., & Zhu, M. (2025) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d5gc02162f · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Ma, Z.-M., Wang, L., Wang, Z., Cui, H., Tang, E., Hou, H., Xu, G., Song, T., & Wang, Q. (2024) · ChemCatChem · doi:10.1002/cctc.202401072 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Li, J., Holze, R., Moyo, S., Wang, S., Li, S., Tang, T., & Chen, X. (2021) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-021-00527-6 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Self-citationMaximizing the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor electrodes from plastic waste
Dědek, I., Bartusek, S., Dvořáček, J. J., Nečas, J., Petruš, J., Jakubec, P., Kupka, V., & Otyepka, M. (2023) · Journal of Energy Storage · doi:10.1016/j.est.2023.108660 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Synthesis of porous hypercrosslinked polymers from waste polystyrene for efficient CO2 separation
Wang, Y., Luo, L., Yang, C., Liao, Q., & Zhao, T. (2024) · Microporous and Mesoporous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.micromeso.2024.113360 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Waste plastic-derived carbon materials for supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries
Shen, Y. (2025) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2025.116206 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Ojeda, L., Mendoza, R., Vazquez-Lepe, M. O., Padmasree, K. P., Rodríguez‐González, V., González, G., & UC, J. O. (2022) · Ceramics International · doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.08.156 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Chen, H., Xia, W., & Wang, S. (2022) · Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1007/s43153-022-00257-z · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Recent Progress in Polymer Waste‐Derived Porous Carbon for Supercapacitors
Wang, S., Dou, J., Holze, R., Zhang, T., Ye, L., Lin, D., Xue, J., Li, S., & Chen, X. (2023) · ChemElectroChem · doi:10.1002/celc.202300223 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationFrom trash to treasure: crafting electrochemical supercapacitors with recycled waste materials
Padha, B., Verma, S., Ahmed, A., Chavhan, M. P., Mahajan, P., & Arya, S. K. (2023) · Progress in Energy · doi:10.1088/2516-1083/ad139c · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Husain, A., Ansari, K., Mahajan, D. K., Kandasamy, M., Ansari, M. N. M., Giri, J. P., & Al‐Lohedan, H. A. (2024) · Journal of Science Advanced Materials and Devices · doi:10.1016/j.jsamd.2024.100699 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Yeast-Based Porous Carbon with Superior Electrochemical Properties
Tian, Y., Ren, Q., Chen, X., Li, L., & Lan, X. (2021) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.1c05278 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Self-citationPoudeh, L. H., Berktaş, İ., Ali, H. Q., Okan, B. S., & Yıldız, M. (2020) · Energy Technology · doi:10.1002/ente.202000714 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Zhao, P., Shen, B., Wang, J., Lu, F., Yuan, P., Lu, F., & Yuan, P. (2023) · Fuel Processing Technology · doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2023.107853 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Luu, T.-A., Le, V., Thai, V.-A., Nguyen, M., Lin, C., Pham, M., Chang, S., & Nguyen, D. D. (2025) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2025.125899 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Exfoliating Waste Biomass into Porous Carbon with Multi-Structural Levels for Dual Energy Storage
Yang, J., Chen, Z., Lin, H., Feng, P., Xie, Y., Liang, Y., Zheng, M., Liu, X., Liu, Y., & Xiao, Y. (2022) · ACS Applied Energy Materials · doi:10.1021/acsaem.2c01517 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationConducting Graphene Synthesis from Electronic Waste
Bajpai, A., Kumbhakar, P., Tiwary, C. S., & Biswas, K. (2021) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c03817 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Zhou, Q., Wu, Y., Chen, H., Zhu, G., Zhang, Y., Liang, D., Chen, G., & Tang, S. (2022) · Arabian Journal of Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104031 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Xia, Y., Zhang, B., Guo, Z., Tang, S., Su, Y., Yu, X., Chen, S., & Chen, G. (2022) · Journal of environmental chemical engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2022.108699 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Li, R., Lu, Y., Xiao, G., Hu, Z., Zhao, H., Zhu, J., & Liu, Z. (2023) · Journal of Power Sources · doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233113 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Husain, A., Kandasamy, M., Mahajan, D. K., Selvaraj, M., Ahmad, R., Assiri, M. A., Kumar, N., & Ramachandaramurthy, V. K. (2024) · Inorganic Chemistry Communications · doi:10.1016/j.inoche.2024.112859 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Su, H., Tian, L., Zhu, L., & Wang, S. (2021) · ChemSusChem · doi:10.1002/cssc.202100913 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Chen, C., Ren, T., Wu, S., Xin, X., Ge, B., Hao, S., Ma, M., Pang, J., & Zhang, J. (2024) · Journal of Energy Storage · doi:10.1016/j.est.2024.114192 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Porous carbon derived from waste plastics for energy and environmental application: A review
Hou, Q., Zhang, Y., & Wang, C. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.jece.2025.115368 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Polystyrene Pyrolysis
Li, C., Yang, Z., Wu, X., Shao, S., Meng, X., & Qin, G. W. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms242216403 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Zhang, Y., Ma, Q., Chen, Z., Shi, Y., Chen, S., & Zhang, Y. (2023) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-023-30376-0 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Green Carbon for Clean Energy: Biomass‐Derived Hierarchical Structures in Energy Storage
Shrivastava, K., Gill, F. S., Juyal, S., Lal, M., & Jain, A. (2025) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Energy and Environment · doi:10.1002/wene.70007 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Zhou, X., Zhu, L., Li, Z., Yang, Y., Qian, X., Xu, A., Jiang, M., & Dong, W. (2023) · Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery · doi:10.1007/s13399-023-03942-2 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Pattanshetti, A., Koli, A., Dhabbe, R. S., Yu, X., Motkuri, R. K., Chavan, V. D., Kim, D., & Sabale, S. R. (2024) · Macromolecular Rapid Communications · doi:10.1002/marc.202300647 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Zhang, C., Yan, Y., Shen, K., Xue, Z., Wu, Y., Yang, Z., & Bao, Y. (2024) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2024.129622 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Liu, C., Xie, Y., Gao, D., Shi, X., & Rao, Z. (2021) · Energy and Built Environment · doi:10.1016/j.enbenv.2021.01.008 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Min, J., Xu, X., Koh, J. J., Gong, J., Chen, X., Azadmanjiri, J., Zhang, F., Wen, X., & He, C. (2021) · ACS Applied Energy Materials · doi:10.1021/acsaem.0c03070 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationA systematic review of plastic wastes as new adsorbents for dye removal in aqueous environments
Moteallemi, A., Taherkhani, S., Ahmadfazeli, A., & Dehghani, M. (2025) · Environmental Sciences Europe · doi:10.1186/s12302-025-01172-z · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Influence of Subnanoporous Carbon with a Customizable Pore Structure on Aqueous Supercapacitors
Zhang, L., He, Z., Hou, J., & Kong, L. (2022) · ACS Applied Energy Materials · doi:10.1021/acsaem.2c00699 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Wu, Y., Xu, H., Qin, W., Wu, C., & Wu, X. (2024) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2024.156344 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Pyrolysis-based methods to upcycle plastic wastes to value-added carbons
Griffin, A. S., & Qiang, Z. (2025) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/d5cc02765a · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ariharan, A., & Kim, S. (2021) · Materials · doi:10.3390/ma14247793 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Lu, Y., Xiao, G., Hu, Z., Zhao, H., Zhu, J., & Liu, Z. (2022) · Journal of Energy Storage · doi:10.1016/j.est.2022.105390 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Shobana, M., Balraju, P., Muthukumarasamy, N., & Velauthapillai, D. (2023) · Journal of Energy Storage · doi:10.1016/j.est.2023.108943 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Functional nanocarbons from waste plastics for energy storage applications
Tewari, C., Rawat, K. S., Kim, Y., Arya, T., Dhali, S., Rana, S., Andreeva, D. V., Özyilmaz, B., Mahfouz, R., Qari, N., et al. (2025) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2025.116443 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Garfansa, M. P., Zalizar, L., Husen, S., Triwanto, J., Iswahyudi, I., Jamaludin, M., & Lasaksi, P. (2025) · Bioresource Technology Reports · doi:10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102079 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Rambau, K. M., Tarimo, D. J., Fasakin, O., Musyoka, N. M., & Manyala, N. (2022) · Journal of Applied Electrochemistry · doi:10.1007/s10800-022-01672-3 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Liang, D., Tian, X., Zhang, Y., Zhu, G., Gao, Q., Liu, J., & Yu, X. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23116146 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
PVP-assisted grass-like NiSe@ZnSe composite for environmental energy applications
Vidhya, M. S., Yuvakkumar, R., Ravi, G., Pannipara, M., Al-Sehemi, A. G., & Velauthapillai, D. (2021) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Electronics · doi:10.1007/s10854-021-06304-8 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Tuning N/O-doped carbon materials for supercapacitors by direct pyrolysis of imidazolinium polymer
Chen, J., Yang, X., Huang, Y., Huang, R., Li, X., Xiong, W., Xie, M., Du, C., Zhang, Y., & Wan, L. (2023) · Journal of Energy Storage · doi:10.1016/j.est.2023.107057 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Yu, L., Tan, S., Wu, X., & Song, R. (2021) · Journal of Porous Materials · doi:10.1007/s10934-021-01035-x · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Nawar, A. M., Alderhami, S. A., Yahia, I. S., Zyoud, S. H., Almanqur, L., Alharbi, Y. T., Alotaibi, R., & Alotaibi, K. M. (2023) · Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids · doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122376 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Du, J., Lv, H., Zhang, Y., & Chen, A. (2021) · ChemElectroChem · doi:10.1002/celc.202100286 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Functional carbon materials from waste plastics: synthesis and applications
Yuan, J., Yang, G., Zhou, X., Huang, J., & Chen, Y. (2025) · Sustainable Carbon Materials · doi:10.48130/scm-0025-0005 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Pusuluru, S., Punna, S., Velmurugan, K., Samuel, M. S., Ethiraj, S., & Santhanam, N. (2025) · Next Nanotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.nxnano.2025.100341 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Ganesan, V., Mohamed, S. N., & Begum, K. M. M. S. (2023) · Water and Environment Journal · doi:10.1111/wej.12886 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Liu, C., Xiao, T., Yang, X., Wang, J., Zhang, Y., & Said, Z. (2023) · Journal of Energy Storage · doi:10.1016/j.est.2023.108887 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Transforming Nonrecyclable Plastic Waste into Cathode Materials for Energy Storage Devices
Ahmadian Hoseini, A. H., Mir, R. A., Aboonasr Shiraz, M. H., Arjmand, M., & Liu, J. (2025) · Advanced Sustainable Systems · doi:10.1002/adsu.202400650 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Ye, M., Hou, H., Liu, X., Sun, Z., Yu, X., & Rong, J. (2024) · Journal of Molecular Structure · doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2024.140774 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationPattanshetti, A., Koli, A., Burud, M. D., Dhabbe, R. S., Garadkar, K. M., Shaikh, J. S., Praserthdam, S., Chavan, V. D., Kim, D., & Sabale, S. R. (2024) · ACS Sustainable Resource Management · doi:10.1021/acssusresmgt.3c00115 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Scalable slot-die coated flexible supercapacitors from upcycled PET face shields
Reddygunta, K. K. R., Callander, A., Šiller, L., Faulds, K., Berlouis, L. E. A., & Ivaturi, A. (2024) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d2ra06809e · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ma, C., Min, J., Gong, J., Liu, X., Mu, X., Chen, X., & Tang, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Science and Technology of China (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN)
- West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin (PL)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Xuecheng
- Tang, Tao
- Venue
- Chemosphere
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2020-08
- Volume
- 253
- Pages
- 126755
- ISSN
- 0045-6535 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3016024486
- Cited by
- 138
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 9
- FWCI
- 13.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Chemosphere (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Narodowe Centrum Nauki
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › MXene and MAX Phase Materials
- Keywords
- polystyrene waste, plastic recycling, hierarchical porous carbon, supercapacitors, KOH activation, specific capacitance, rate capability, energy density, aqueous electrolyte solutions, symmetric supercapacitor
- MeSH terms
- Carbon, Electrodes, Electrolytes, Plastics, Polystyrenes, Water, Porosity, Electric Capacitance
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
