Exposure to passive nicotine vapor in male adolescent rats produces a withdrawal-like state and facilitates nicotine self-administration during adulthood
Open accessAbstract
Electronic cigarette use is particularly prevalent in adolescents, but the effects of secondhand exposure to nicotine vapor in adolescents on the propensity to develop nicotine dependence and increase nicotine self-administration in adulthood are poorly known. The present study explored the effects of nicotine vapor exposure on withdrawal-like states (hyperalgesia, spontaneous withdrawal signs, and locomotor activity) in adolescent rats and the vulnerability to acquire intravenous nicotine self-administration in adulthood. Adolescent (postnatal day 38) rats were exposed to intermittent nicotine vapor (14 h/day) for 7 consecutive days in a range of doses (0, 0.4, and 7 mg/m 3). The rats were tested for somatic, emotional, and motivational withdrawal symptoms. When the animals reached adulthood, they were allowed to self-administer nicotine (0.03 mg/kg/0.1 ml) intravenously in operant chambers for 1 h/day for 12 consecutive days. Rats that were exposed to nicotine vapor presented moderate to severe signs of spontaneous withdrawal after the cessation of nicotine vapor. No effect on anxiety-like behavior was observed. Rats that were exposed to high levels of nicotine vapor in adolescence had lower pain thresholds and exhibited faster and higher acquisition of nicotine self-administration in adulthood. Chronic exposure to nicotine vapor in adolescent rats produced a withdrawal-like state and facilitated the acquisition of intravenous nicotine self-administration in adulthood. These results suggest that exposure of adolescents to nicotine vapor may confer higher risk of developing nicotine dependence when they become adults.
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Adolescent nicotine exposure increases later nicotine reward and reduces nicotine aversion in adult animals.
“Adolescent nicotine treatment increases subsequent nicotine reward and decreases aversion in adults”
From Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain. (2020) · cites this paper as Kallupi et al., 2019
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports that high-dose adolescent nicotine-vapor exposure facilitated nicotine self-administration in adult rats. It suggests increased positive reinforcement as one possible explanation, but also offers withdrawal-related reinforcement; it does not establish increased nicotine reward or decreased nicotine aversion. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTwo studies using an inhalation method for tobacco smoke or nicotine noted substantial physical withdrawal in adolescents, although adults were not included for comparison.
“Two studies in which an inhalation method for tobacco smoke or nicotine was used did note substantial physical withdrawal in adolescents, although adults were not included for comparison (de la Pena, 2015; Kallupi et al., 2019).”
From Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain. (2020) · cites this paper as Kallupi et al., 2019
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Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain.
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“Adolescent nicotine treatment increases subsequent nicotine reward and decreases aversion in adults (Adriani et al., 2003; Torres et al., 2008; Kallupi et al., 2019).”
BackgroundResult
- Authors
- Kallupi, M., de Guglielmo, G., Larrosa, E., & George, O.
- Affiliations
- Scripps Research Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kallupi, Marsida
- George, Olivier
- Venue
- European Neuropsychopharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-11
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1227-1234
- ISSN
- 0924-977X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7899081
- OpenAlex
- W2971041118
- Cited by
- 25
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 1.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- European Neuropsychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program (27IR-0047)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA036691)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA022977, 27IR-0047)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
- Keywords
- electronic cigarettes, adolescent nicotine exposure, nicotine withdrawal, nicotine self-administration, nicotine dependence, hyperalgesia, locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, pain threshold, adolescent rats
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Inhalation, Age Factors, Animals, Conditioning, Operant, Drug Administration Schedule, Male, Nicotine, Self Administration, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Rats, Administration, Intravenous
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