CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 122Smoking Behavior and CessationNicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors StudyPrenatal Substance Exposure Effects

Behavioral manifestations of the nicotine abstinence syndrome in the rat: peripheral versus central mechanisms

Hildebrand, B. E., Nomikos, G. G., Bondjers, C., Nisell, M., Svensson, T. H.·1997·Psychopharmacology
DOI 10.1007/s002130050200
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The nicotine abstinence syndrome was studied in the rat utilizing a modified rating scale of the opiate abstinence syndrome. Rats were infused with 10.27 mg/kg per day nicotine hydrogen tartrate for 7 days via subcutaneous minipumps. The behavior of each animal was observed before, during and after termination of the nicotine infusion. The abstinence signs in the withdrawal sessions included gasps, genital licks, ptosis, shakes, teeth chatter, yawns and changes in locomotor activity. Abstinence was induced through surgical removal of the pump or through administration of a nicotinic receptor antagonist, acting either centrally and peripherally (mecamylamine 1 mg/kg s.c.) or peripherally only (chlorisondamine 1 mg/kg s.c.). Statistical evaluation revealed a significant increase in overall abstinence signs both at 16 (P < 0.05) and 40 h (P < 0.01) after termination of the nicotine infusion, as compared to the number of signs in the nicotine treated animals' baseline sessions and to the number of signs in control animals (P < 0.05). There was also a significant reduction in locomotor activity during both withdrawal sessions. Animals injected with mecamylamine or chlorisondamine displayed a larger increase in the abstinence score (P < 0.001) than the spontaneously abstinent animals. Acute administration of different doses of nicotine or of the peripherally acting nicotinic receptor agonist tetramethylammonium (0.8 mg/kg s.c.) reversed the behavioral nicotine abstinence syndrome. Our results show that a nicotine abstinence syndrome can be elicited in rats on a chronic nicotine regimen either by acute withdrawal of nicotine or by the administration of nicotinic receptor antagonists and that peripheral nicotinic receptors may contribute significantly to the overall withdrawal reaction.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/s002130050200

Cites

20 of 20 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Rodents chronically exposed to nicotine undergo a characteristic withdrawal syndrome that can occur spontaneously or be precipitated by mecamylamine.

    “Rodents chronically exposed to nicotine undergo a characteristic withdrawal syndrome which develops spontaneously, after removing the nicotine source, or can be precipitated by administration of a nAChR antagonist such as mecamylamine [7, 11, 81, 163–166].”

    From Mechanistic insights into nicotine withdrawal (2011) · cites this paper as [164]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Hildebrand, B. E., Nomikos, G. G., Bondjers, C., Nisell, M., & Svensson, T. H.
Affiliations
Karolinska Institutet (SE)
ORCID
Venue
Psychopharmacology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
1997-02-24
Volume
129
Issue
4
Pages
348-356
ISSN
  • 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-2072
DOI
10.1007/s002130050200
OpenAlex
W2093867596
Cited by
122
References
20
Citations by year
2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 1
FWCI
4.68
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations
  • Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Vetenskapsrådet
  • Svenska Läkaresällskapet
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
Keywords
nicotine withdrawal, nicotinic antagonists, mecamylamine, chlorisondamine, tetramethylammonium, locomotor activity, rat behavior
MeSH terms
Animals, Behavior, Animal, Male, Nicotine, Substance Withdrawal Syndrome, Rats, Wistar, Rats

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review