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Meta‐analyses of human gut microbes associated with obesity and IBD
Open accessAbstract
Recent studies have linked human gut microbes to obesity and inflammatory bowel disease, but consistent signals have been difficult to identify. Here we test for indicator taxa and general features of the microbiota that are generally consistent across studies of obesity and of IBD, focusing on studies involving high‐throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (which we could process using a common computational pipeline). We find that IBD has a consistent signature across studies and allows high classification accuracy of IBD from non‐IBD subjects, but that although subjects can be classified as lean or obese within each individual study with statistically significant accuracy, consistent with the ability of the microbiota to experimentally transfer this phenotype, signatures of obesity are not consistent between studies even when the data are analyzed with consistent methods. The results suggest that correlations between microbes and clinical conditions with different effect sizes (e.g. the large effect size of IBD versus the small effect size of obesity) may require different cohort selection and analysis strategies.
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“there have now been at least three meta-analyses reporting that this finding is inconsistent between human studies, and that there are, in fact, no reproducible microbial taxonomic signatures of obesity in humans 25-27 .”
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“the family Oscillospiraceae, which produces butyrate (Gophna, Konikoff & Nielsen, 2017), is negatively associated with inflammatory diseases (Walters, Xu & Knight, 2014)”
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“However, this is not always the same between studies [83, 84] and may be an oversimplification of phylum-level patterns in relation to host health.”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Walters, W. A., Xu, Z., & Knight, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Knight, Rob
- Venue
- FEBS Letters
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-10-13
- Volume
- 588
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 4223-4233
- ISSN
- 0014-5793 (ISSN-L)
- 1873-3468
- PMC
- PMC5050012
- OpenAlex
- W2037279825
- Cited by
- 836
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 66 · 2023: 65 · 2022: 84 · 2021: 96 · 2020: 98 · 2019: 92 · 2018: 91 · 2017: 78 · 2016: 64 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 5.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- FEBS Letters (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- Crohns and Colitis Foundation of America
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Inflammatory Bowel Disease
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, 16S rRNA gene, indicator taxa, microbiota transfer, effect size, cohort selection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Feces, Humans, Obesity, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Gastrointestinal Tract
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