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Host Defense and Pathogenesis in Staphylococcus aureus Infections
Open accessAbstract
Staphylococcus aureus is the most abundant cause of bacterial infections in the United States. As such, the pathogen has devised means to circumvent destruction by the innate immune system. Neutrophils are a critical component of innate immunity and the primary cellular defense against S aureus infections. This article reviews human neutrophil function in the context of S aureus virulence mechanisms and provides an overview of community-associated methicillin-resistant S aureus pathogenicity.
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“Peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP) plays a role in the neutrophil killing of Gram-positive bacteria [38], inhibiting their growth.”
From The Role of Reactive Species on Innate Immunity (2022) · cites this paper as [38]
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Staphylococcus aureus Leukotoxin GH Promotes Inflammation
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“Although there is controversy about the role of PVL in the spread and severity of S. aureus infections (Oliveira et al. 2002, Chambers & Deleo 2009, DeLeo et al. 2009, Otto 2010), the results of this study show the importance of this virulence factor among resistant strains and in different…”
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“As part of the innate defense program, they secrete noxious chemicals to kill invading pathogens (18).”
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“aureus produces a large variety of virulence factors that inhibit neutrophil function [22], allowing S.”
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“aureus resists intracellular killing by host PMNs after phagocytosis,(49) new vaccine strategies that enhance the beneficial local immune function of IBALT may be important to study in this model.(50)”
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“In parallel, PMNs also activate phagocytosis to eradicate the free-living planktonic cells by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation [26], and has a significant role in reducing the biofilms of S.”
BackgroundCovering all the Bases: Preclinical Development of an Effective Staphylococcus aureus Vaccine
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“These cytokines ultimately promote the release of PCT [56,96].”
BackgroundEpicutaneous Model of Community-Acquired Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infections
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Significance of Four Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases in Staphylococcus aureus
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“to defend itself from the ROS [7].”
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Membrane Damage Elicits an Immunomodulatory Program in Staphylococcus aureus
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“employs an arsenal of virulence factors including proteins that contribute to immune evasion and alter immune system function”
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Host Defence against Bacterial Biofilms: “Mission Impossible”?
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“Staphylococci have developed numerous active and passive means to evade host defence mechanisms (reviewed in [127, 194–196]), and biofilm formation is just one of those.”
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“In the case of bacterial infection, neutrophils are crucial for host defense against bacterial invasion and proliferation [18–20].”
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“, phagocyte-mediated elimination via oxidative stress (by macrophages and neutrophils) and antimicrobial peptides secretion (7).”
BackgroundChemical Probes Reveal an Extraseptal Mode of Cross-Linking in Staphylococcus aureus
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“…the virulence factors, including a-hemolysin (hla), leukocidin (lukD), exotoxins (lukF and lukS), and capsular polysaccharide synthesis enzymes (capA and capI), which contribute to immune evasion or alter host immune function, facilitating staphylococcal infection (DeLeo et al., 2009).”
BackgroundLee, J.-H., Kim, N.-H., Winstel, V., Kurokawa, K., Larsen, J., An, J.-H., Khan, A., Seong, M.-Y., Lee, M. J., Andersen, P. S., et al. (2015) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.00767-15 · Cited by 37
“aureus deploys a variety of survival and immune evasion strategies, such as the acquisition of essential nutrients and expression of adhesins, which promote colonization and survival, and the production of virulence factors, such as capsules and toxins, which aid host immune evasion (2, 3).”
BackgroundDeciphering agr quorum sensing in Staphylococcus aureus: insights and therapeutic prospects
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“As part of the host defense mechanism against infections, neutrophils generate reactive oxygen species, such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide [22] that can damage DNA and trigger expression of the SOS regulon [21].”
BackgroundStaphylococcus aureus in Inflammation and Pain: Update on Pathologic Mechanisms
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“It has been implicated in a number of diseases from minor skin infections to life-threatening infections, such as toxic shock syndrome, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, and bacteremia (Lowy, 1998; DeLeo et al. , 2009).”
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“Our results demonstrating that PMNs play an important role in defense against CA-MRSA dermal infection are consistent with previous findings [21] as neutrophils are a critical component of the innate immune response during MRSA infection [22].”
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“The circulating neutrophils and monocytes are key innate cellular components to combat infection by S. aureus (Kapral and Shayegani, 1959; Mandell, 1974; Fournier and Philpott, 2005; DeLeo et al., 2009; Rigby and DeLeo, 2012; Spaan et al., 2013).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- DeLeo, F. R., Diep, B. A., & Otto, M.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- DeLeo, Frank R.
- Venue
- Infectious Disease Clinics of North America
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2009-03
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 17-34
- ISSN
- 0891-5520 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2748223
- OpenAlex
- W2084838489
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 103
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 21
- FWCI
- 2.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Infectious Disease Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Z01AI000900)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Neutrophil, Myeloperoxidase and Oxidative Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Keywords
- Staphylococcus aureus, host defense, innate immunity, neutrophils, virulence mechanisms, community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, pathogenesis, bacterial infection
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Neutrophils, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus aureus, Virulence, Virulence Factors
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