Water, sanitation, and primary school attendance: A multi-level assessment of determinants of household-reported absence in Kenya
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There is some evidence that improved hand-washing with soap at school, provision of sanitary pads, maintained and clean latrines can reduce absence in school-aged children, but a few studies found that school-based WASH interventions had no impact on student attendance.
“There is some evidence that improved hand-washing with soap at school, provision of sanitary pads, maintained and clean latrines can reduce absence in school-aged children (c.f. [11,18,35,37,42]), but a few studies found that school-based WASH interventions had no impact on student attendance [36,40].”
From Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Schools in Low-Income Countries: A Review of Evidence of Impact (2019) · cites this paper as [37]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDemographic factors are key predictors of student absence from school, including gender and socio-economic status.
“Demographic factors are key predictors of student absence from school, including gender and socio-economic status [37].”
From Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Schools in Low-Income Countries: A Review of Evidence of Impact (2019) · cites this paper as [37]
A study in Kenya found that cleanliness of school latrines reduced the odds of absenteeism.
“a study in Kenya found that cleanliness of school latrines reduced the odds of absenteeism [3]”
From Menstrual hygiene management in rural schools of Zambia: a descriptive study of knowledge, experiences and challenges faced by schoolgirls (2019) · cites this paper as [3]
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- Authors
- Dreibelbis, R., Greene, L. E., Freeman, M. C., Saboori, S., Chase, R. P., & Rheingans, R.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Emory University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dreibelbis, Robert
- Venue
- International Journal of Educational Development
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2013-09
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 457-465
- ISSN
- 0738-0593 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1976284071
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 4.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- libres.uncg.edu
- Locations
- International Journal of Educational Development (publishedVersion)
- NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Appalachian State University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Speech and Hearing › School Health and Nursing Education
- Keywords
- school attendance, school absenteeism, water, sanitation and hygiene, household water access, gender differences, socioeconomic status, elementary school students, Western Kenya
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