FIGO consensus guidelines on intrapartum fetal monitoring: Cardiotocography
Open accessAbstract
Intermittent auscultation is the technique used to listen to the fetal heart rate (FHR) for short periods of time without a display of the resulting pattern. Whether it is used for intrapartum fetal monitoring in low-risk women or for all cases in settings where there are no available alternatives, all healthcare professionals attending labor and delivery need to be skilled at performing intermittent auscultation, interpreting its findings, and taking appropriate action. The main aim of this chapter is to describe the tools and techniques for intermittent auscultation in labor.
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Most cases of CP originate from the antenatal or postnatal period of life, and epidemiologic studies suggest that in approximately 90% of CP cases an intrapartum hypoxia could not be the cause.
“Contrary to common beliefs and assumptions, most cases of CP originate from the antenatal or postnatal period of life.31,86”
From Umbilical cord pH, blood gases, and lactate at birth: normal values, interpretation, and clinical utility. (2023) · cites this paper as [86]
Section 8, “Limitations of cardiotocography” (page not provided), says only a small proportion of cerebral palsy cases are caused by intrapartum hypoxia/acidosis. It does not establish that most cases originate specifically in the antenatal or postnatal period, or give the claim’s approximate 90% figure. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Ayres‐de‐Campos, D., Spong, C. Y., Chandraharan, E., & Panel, F. I. F. M. E. C.
- Affiliations
- Universidade do Porto (PT)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (US)
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (GB)
- International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (GB)
- Venue
- International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-09-30
- Volume
- 131
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13-24
- ISSN
- 0020-6695 (ISSN-L)
- 0020-7292
- 1879-3479
- OpenAlex
- W1931727703
- Cited by
- 911
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 112 · 2025: 107 · 2024: 108 · 2023: 104 · 2022: 103 · 2021: 98 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 56 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 27 · 2015: 9 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 52.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- err (2016-04-01)
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CLOK (University of Central Lancashire) (acceptedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Bern Open Repository and Information System (University of Bern) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Clinical practice guidelines implementation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and fetal healthcare
- Keywords
- intrapartum fetal monitoring, cardiotocography, intermittent auscultation, fetal heart rate, labor, low-risk pregnancy, fetal monitoring
- MeSH terms
- Female, Fetal Monitoring, Humans, International Cooperation, Obstetric Labor Complications, Pregnancy, Cardiotocography
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